IT安全系统安全效能评估模型

建立了对IT安全系统的安全效能进行评估的安全效能评估模型,该模型具有简单、客观、节省资源和时间、量化了系统安全性、评估结果直观的特点,与通用评估准则不同,从另一个角度来评价IT安全系统的安全性.     

Web环境下IT招标项目风险评价决策支持系统研究

分析了IT招标项目的基本风险特征,并针对因IT招标项目中风险因素多、不确定性大而导致复杂的复合决策问题,在传统决策支持系统的基础上设计了综合推理方式的.NET架构下Web环境IT项目风险评价决策支持系统,分析了系统的功能、特点和设计方法,详细讨论了系统的结构,并给出系统运作过程和实现方法.     

高级管理人员变更、股权特征与盈余管理——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文以2003-2006年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,检验公司发生高级管理人员变更时的盈余管理行为。研究结果表明,发生高级管理层变更的公司,高级管理人员变更的当年存在较严重的调减利润的盈余管理行为;此外,对于发生了高级管理人员变更的公司,如果其控股股东是地方和中央政府部门所属国企或中央直属国企,则其调减利润的盈余管理行为可以得到一定程度的抑制;大股东的制衡度越大,公司盈余管理的幅度也将越小。研究结果还显示,当发生高级管理人员变更时,上述因素对公司调增利润的盈余管理行为基本没有影响。     

A Risk Analysis Model in Concurrent Engineering Product Development

Concurrent engineering has been widely accepted as a viable strategy for companies to reduce time to market and achieve overall cost savings. This article analyzes various risks and challenges in product development under the concurrent engineering environment. A three‐dimensional early warning approach for product development risk management is proposed by integrating graphical evaluation and review technique (GERT) and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA). Simulation models are created to solve our proposed concurrent engineering product development risk management model. Solutions lead to identification of key risk controlling points. This article demonstrates the value of our approach to risk analysis as a means to monitor various risks typical in the manufacturing sector. This article has three main contributions. First, we establish a conceptual framework to classify various risks in concurrent engineering (CE) product development (PD). Second, we propose use of existing quantitative approaches for PD risk analysis purposes: GERT, FMEA, and product database management (PDM). Based on quantitative tools, we create our approach for risk management of CE PD and discuss solutions of the models. Third, we demonstrate the value of applying our approach using data from a typical Chinese motor company.     

A New Methodology for Before–After Safety Assessment Using Survival Analysis and Longitudinal Data

The widely used empirical Bayes (EB) and full Bayes (FB) methods for before–after safety assessment are sometimes limited because of the extensive data needs from additional reference sites. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel before–after safety evaluation methodology based on survival analysis and longitudinal data as an alternative to the EB/FB method. A Bayesian survival analysis (SARE) model with a random effect term to address the unobserved heterogeneity across sites is developed. The proposed survival analysis method is validated through a simulation study before its application. Subsequently, the SARE model is developed in a case study to evaluate the safety effectiveness of a recent red‐light‐running photo enforcement program in New Jersey. As demonstrated in the simulation and the case study, the survival analysis can provide valid estimates using only data from treated sites, and thus its results will not be affected by the selection of defective or insufficient reference sites. In addition, the proposed approach can take into account the censored data generated due to the transition from the before period to the after period, which has not been previously explored in the literature. Using individual crashes as units of analysis, survival analysis can incorporate longitudinal covariates such as the traffic volume and weather variation, and thus can explicitly account for the potential temporal heterogeneity.     

国有企业系统变革战略思索

本文从分析国有企业急需解决的现实问题入手,提出了新形势下系统变革的战略观点,集中研究和探讨了当前我国国企管理发展新变革的十大战略思维,进而提出了国企相应采取的一系列策略与措施。     

信息不对称、流动性与股权结构——基于深圳证券市场的实证研究

以金融市场微观结构视角对股权结构进行研究的趋势正在兴起,本文从金融市场微观结构层面考察了在信息不对称影响下股权结构与流动性的关系,通过对在深圳证券交易所上市的2004年和2007年的样本公司研究发现,股权结构变量在2004年主要作用于信息成本来影响流动性水平,而2007年则主要通过改变交易成本来影响流动性水平.股改前的2004年,直接控股股东持股对交易成本无显著影响,而在股改后的2007年则显著增加了交易成本.随着基金的发展壮大,基金持股对流动性的影响逐渐显现,并一定程度上导致交易成本的增加.代表股权集中度的大股东个数则同时增加了信息成本和交易成本,损害了流动性水平.     

无偏好市场下制造/再制造系统最优生产决策

尽管再制造可以重新获得产品的附加价值,但是再制造产品和新产品具有一定的替代性,厂商在各期应该采用何种生产策略?本文选取单一制造厂商,首先讨论无偏好市场下两期再制造最优生产策略,建立厂商利润最大化的经济优化模型;然后给出了再制造成本节约临界值,以便厂商在不同的再制造成本区域内采取合适的价格和产量决策策略;进而将模型拓展,研究无限期的最优产量和定价策略。由于不同产品的再制造成本节约s的比例并不相同,本文通过优化所得的结论进行数据模拟,研究产品回收率和降级率对s*的影响,s对厂商的产量、定价决策及利润的影响,进而分析降级率对产量和价格的影响,为厂商制定产品设计、生产和回收决策提供依据。     

基于不同动机的联盟控制方式选择及其对联盟绩效的影响——中国企业联盟的实证分析

企业为了不同的目标建立战略联盟,而有效的联盟控制是实现目标的重要保证.本文从战略联盟的动机出发,提出实现不同联盟目标所应采取的控制方式,并研究了不同的联盟控制方式对联盟绩效的影响.通过企业间联盟的数据对本文相关假说进行了实证检验.     

The Impact of Forecast Errors on Early Order Commitment in a Supply Chain*

Supply chain partnership involves mutual commitments among participating firms. One example is early order commitment, wherein a retailer commits to purchase a fixed‐order quantity and delivery time from a supplier before the real need takes place. This paper explores the value of practicing early order commitment in the supply chain. We investigate the complex interactions between early order commitment and forecast errors by simulating a supply chain with one capacitated supplier and multiple retailers under demand uncertainty. We found that practicing early order commitment can generate significant savings in the supply chain, but the benefits are only valid within a range of order commitment periods. Different components of forecast errors have different cost implications to the supplier and the retailers. The presence of trend in the demand increases the total supply chain cost, but makes early order commitment more appealing. The more retailers sharing the same supplier, the more valuable for the supply chain to practice early order commitment. Except in cases where little capacity cushion is available, our findings are relatively consistent in the environments where cost structure, number of retailers, capacity utilization, and capacity policy are varied.