修复式司法在校园霸凌中的适用

我国传统的报应式刑事司法模式已经难以应对日趋严峻的校园霸凌以及由此引发的未成年人犯罪案件,有必要引入修复式司法以弥补报应式司法的不足。如果只是为了实现个案正义,那么,再怎么降低刑事责任年龄都不啻为削足适履,而且极有可能使得被贴上"犯罪标签"的未成年人产生恶性循环,诱发更严重的犯罪行为。修复式司法把被害人疗愈和加害人自愿承担责任作为目标,注重双方以平等的方式沟通交流,使双方有机会了解事情的真相,最大程度地满足实质需求,最终修复被犯罪所破坏的关系。     

降低刑事责任年龄否定论

降低刑事责任年龄的提议主要立足于三个命题:“犯罪低龄化”现象严重,降低刑事责任年龄是解决“低龄犯罪人”问题的应然手段,低龄未成年人已具备相当的辨认、控制能力。通过对实证数据与相关论据的收集分析,前两个命题得到证伪,第三个命题无法证明,由此可以否定降低刑事责任年龄观点的合理性依据。从我国历史与近代刑事责任年龄设定的发展历程来看,调整年龄节点的主张从未停止,援用的理由相差无几,经历过多次变动与论证后延续至今,具备符合我国社会发展实践的合理性与稳定性。从我国的义务教育设置与年龄之间的对应关系出发,刑事责任年龄确定的基准点应以义务教育的结束为合理节点,采取“从高到低”的刑事责任年龄设定逻辑。综合上述理由,兼顾少年司法“教育为主、惩罚为辅”刑事政策导向,最终得出当前的刑事责任年龄设置合理,不需降低的结论。     

江西推进科技金融发展的问题及对策建议

推进科技金融发展对于江西加快建设创新型省份、助推金融业高质量发展及支持民营经济发展等具有重要意义。近年来,江西在完善科技金融政策体系、产品投融资体系和服务体系上取得了明显成效,也存在职能部门统筹联动待加强、科技金融有效供给不充分、化解信息不对称较困难和科技金融统计体系待构建等问题。笔者建议,江西应完善系统化顶层设计,推动产品创新和服务完善,大力吸引金融机构和人才,完善科技金融领域基础设施建设,推进科技金融健康高效发展。     

An elastic-net penalized expectile regression with applications

To perform variable selection in expectile regression, we introduce the elastic-net penalty into expectile regression and propose an elastic-net penalized expectile regression (ER-EN) model. We then adopt the semismooth Newton coordinate descent (SNCD) algorithm to solve the proposed ER-EN model in high-dimensional settings. The advantages of ER-EN model are illustrated via extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The numerical results show that the ER-EN model outperforms the elastic-net penalized least squares regression (LSR-EN), the elastic-net penalized Huber regression (HR-EN), the elastic-net penalized quantile regression (QR-EN) and conventional expectile regression (ER) in terms of variable selection and predictive ability, especially for asymmetric distributions. We also apply the ER-EN model to two real-world applications: relative location of CT slices on the axial axis and metabolism of tacrolimus (Tac) drug. Empirical results also demonstrate the superiority of the ER-EN model.     

试论民族文化认同的特殊功效--从斯大林民族定义的争论说开去

文化具有超时空的稳定性和很强的凝聚力,一个民族的文化模式一经形成,必然会持久地支配每个社会成员的思想和行为。文化又是一个民族区别于其他民族的基本特质和身份象征,在共同的文化背景中,人们获得了归属感和认同感。因此,在共同文化基础上形成的共同心理素质——民族文化认同,对于标识民族特性,塑造认同心理,规范社会行为,培育统一意识,凝聚民族精神,形成民族合力,进而对维护国家安全统一具有特殊的功效。     

外国留学生游世博园

沈阳成功地举办了世界园艺博览会吸引了大批中外游客,也吸引了在沈读书的外国留学生。初夏,沈阳的天空阳光明媚,风和日丽,正在中国医科大学留学生英语班学习的印度、斯里兰卡、巴基斯坦和尼泊尔的留学生一行45人来到了沈阳世博园观光游览。     

Quantile regression for large-scale data via sparse exponential transform method

In recent decades, quantile regression has received much more attention from academics and practitioners. However, most of existing computational algorithms are only effective for small or moderate size problems. They cannot solve quantile regression with large-scale data reliably and efficiently. To this end, we propose a new algorithm to implement quantile regression on large-scale data using the sparse exponential transform (SET) method. This algorithm mainly constructs a well-conditioned basis and a sampling matrix to reduce the number of observations. It then solves a quantile regression problem on this reduced matrix and obtains an approximate solution. Through simulation studies and empirical analysis of a 5% sample of the US 2000 Census data, we demonstrate efficiency of the SET-based algorithm. Numerical results indicate that our new algorithm is effective in terms of computation time and performs well for large-scale quantile regression.     

MSE performance of the weighted average estimators consisting of shrinkage estimators when each individual regression coefficient is estimated

In this paper, we analytically derive the exact formula for the mean squared error (MSE) of two weighted average (WA) estimators for each individual regression coefficient. Further, we execute numerical evaluations to investigate small sample properties of the WA estimators, and compare the MSE performance of the WA estimators with the other shrinkage estimators and the usual OLS estimator. Our numerical results show that (1) the WA estimators have smaller MSE than the other shrinkage estimators and the OLS estimator over a wide region of parameter space; (2) the range where the relative MSE of the WA estimator is smaller than that of the OLS estimator gets narrower as the number of explanatory variables k increases.     

Semiparametric sieve maximum likelihood estimation under cure model with partly interval censored and left truncated data for application to spontaneous abortion

Lifetime Data Analysis - This work was motivated by observational studies in pregnancy with spontaneous abortion (SAB) as outcome. Clearly some women experience the SAB event but the rest do not....     

How publics’ active and passive communicative behaviors affect their tornado responses: An integration of STOPS and SMCC

During imminent threat crises, such as natural disasters, publics have minutes to decide how to respond after receiving a warning. This study advances understanding of publics’ crisis communicative and noncommunicative behaviors in the context of tornadoes through combining and extending two theories: the social-mediated crisis communication (SMCC) model and the situational theory of problem solving (STOPS). Findings from a survey of Southeast U.S. residents (n = 1,585) indicate that STOPS is internally consistent and accurate at measuring its intended outcomes of communicative action in problem solving. However, the STOPS measures do not have a significant relationship with the desirable outcome for imminent threat crisis communication: individuals following government’s protective action guidance about tornadoes. In comparison, the expanded SMCC model predicts individuals’ self-reported compliance. Finally, variables from the SMCC model and tornado-specific variables were integrated into the STOPS model to explain individuals’ communicative engagement. Implications for theory and public relations practice are discussed.