俄罗斯东正教的社会整合与道德教化作用研究

俄罗斯是一个有着深刻宗教情结的民族.东正教作为文化现象和意识形态,深深根植于俄罗斯民众的意识里,浓浓地融入俄罗斯民族的精神中,深刻地影响着俄国的历史与现实.为实现国家统一并加强皇权,以君权神授为宗旨的基督教作为最有力的思想武器被罗斯统治者"请入"罗斯.至此,无论是在鞑靼蒙古人入侵时期,还是在第一、二次卫国战争等俄苏历史的紧要关头,俄罗斯东正教均发挥了其社会整合与道德教化作用,并在促进国家统一、弘扬爱国主义传统、凝聚民族精神、规范民众道德和维护社会稳定等方面做出了积极而重要的历史贡献.     

印蒂与浮士德:一对超越时空的精神孪生儿——论《无名书》与《浮士德》的精神联系

作为一名潜隐达半个世纪的中国现代作家,无名氏与歌德之间存在着难以掩盖的距离.然而,对比《无名书》中的印蒂与《浮士德》中的同名主人公,我们却能清晰地触摸到二者在对人生终极意义的追寻与探索上的深层的精神联系.     

加强西部地区普通高校人才队伍建设

当今世界,知识和人才成为经济发展和社会进步的主要推动力,人才资源已经成为最重要的战略资源。树立科学人才观,准确把握科学人才观的重要内涵,对加强西部地区普通高校人才队伍建设从而促进高校各项事业发展具有重要的指导作用。     

串联稳压器基准误差放大电路的设计

针对串联型稳压器,设计了一种应用于串联型稳压器具有自建基准的新型误差放大电路。该电路具有构思巧妙,结构优化,易于集成及较高的开环增益,共模抑制比及交流特性的优点。通过验证,实测数据与仿真结果基本一致。     

我国房地产证券化的特征及其作用

房地产证券化是我国房地产业与金融业发展的一种有机结合 ,它对优化配置与有效利用房地产和资金具有十分重要的意义。它是我国房地产业和金融业发展的客观要求 ,有利于社会资源的分配、稳定证券市场 ;它可刺激相关产业的发展 ,有利于改善投资环境、分散风险。房地产证券化具有扩大资本市场、增强不动产市场流动性、保持不动产市场稳定性和提高投资者效益性等主要特征。     

Choice of the primary analysis in longitudinal clinical trials

Missing data, and the bias they can cause, are an almost ever‐present concern in clinical trials. The last observation carried forward (LOCF) approach has been frequently utilized to handle missing data in clinical trials, and is often specified in conjunction with analysis of variance (LOCF ANOVA) for the primary analysis. Considerable advances in statistical methodology, and in our ability to implement these methods, have been made in recent years. Likelihood‐based, mixed‐effects model approaches implemented under the missing at random (MAR) framework are now easy to implement, and are commonly used to analyse clinical trial data. Furthermore, such approaches are more robust to the biases from missing data, and provide better control of Type I and Type II errors than LOCF ANOVA. Empirical research and analytic proof have demonstrated that the behaviour of LOCF is uncertain, and in many situations it has not been conservative. Using LOCF as a composite measure of safety, tolerability and efficacy can lead to erroneous conclusions regarding the effectiveness of a drug. This approach also violates the fundamental basis of statistics as it involves testing an outcome that is not a physical parameter of the population, but rather a quantity that can be influenced by investigator behaviour, trial design, etc. Practice should shift away from using LOCF ANOVA as the primary analysis and focus on likelihood‐based, mixed‐effects model approaches developed under the MAR framework, with missing not at random methods used to assess robustness of the primary analysis. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for high dimensional inversion in remote sensing

Summary.  We discuss the inversion of the gas profiles (ozone, NO₃, NO₂, aerosols and neutral density) in the upper atmosphere from the spectral occultation measurements. The data are produced by the 'Global ozone monitoring of occultation of stars' instrument on board the Envisat satellite that was launched in March 2002. The instrument measures the attenuation of light spectra at various horizontal paths from about 100 km down to 10–20 km. The new feature is that these data allow the inversion of the gas concentration height profiles. A short introduction is given to the present operational data management procedure with examples of the first real data inversion. Several solution options for a more comprehensive statistical inversion are presented. A direct inversion leads to a non-linear model with hundreds of parameters to be estimated. The problem is solved with an adaptive single-step Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Another approach is to divide the problem into several non-linear smaller dimensional problems, to run parallel adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo chains for them and to solve the gas profiles in repetitive linear steps. The effect of grid size is discussed, and we present how the prior regularization takes the grid size into account in a way that effectively leads to a grid-independent inversion.     

白居易"中隐"及其对后世的影响

白居易"中隐"是以庄子的逍遥人生为理念,远离政治斗争的遂性自由的生存哲学和方式,其核心是"适",在适性逍遥的前提下,再安排对社会、家庭、国家、民族的责任.这是一种强调个体生命高于一切的现代人本主义精神,在儒家思想占据统治地位的专制集权社会,这一思想是超前的.而且,其适性逍遥并不是其最终的目标,其最终的目标是以适性逍遥为保证,实现自己的自由自在的艺术创造.故白居易"中隐"对后世苏轼、明代三袁均有很大影响,但毕竟时代不同了,这种影响终于以浪漫精神衰退为特点走向另一种形态.