The Role of Family Behaviors in Determining Income Distribution: The Case of South Korea

In this article, we examined what has contributed to the worsening income inequality and poverty between 1996 and 2011 in South Korea. We used a rank-preserving exchange method and a conditional reweighting method to assess the roles of family behaviors—including female labor force participation and family structure—characteristics of household heads, and men’s earnings. The results showed that the change in men’s earnings was a dominant factor in accounting for the increasing income inequality and poverty. The change in age and education among household heads also contributed significantly to the worsening income distribution. The change in family structure mainly affected the income disparity among lower-income families and increased poverty. The rise in women’s labor force participation improved the income distribution but not considerably. The distributional roles of family have not worked to prevent or reverse the worsening income distribution in the past few decades in South Korea.     

Internet risks and expert views: a case study of the insider perspectives of youth workers in Hong Kong

This study collects and analyses the viewpoints of front-line youth workers regarding the notion of ‘Internet risks’. Previous studies have examined and discussed various dangers of the Internet. Parental, school, and governmental interventions are often called for by those concerned. The implicit assumption is that these are the people who possess the expertise to tackle the problems at hand. Through participation in three forums focusing on ‘Internet risks’, and in-depth interviews with 10 such ‘experts’ in Hong Kong, the study examines if this is a valid assumption. It finds that experts perceive Internet risks rather differently. In addition to the more conventional views about content, contact and conduct risks, our interviewees are aware that a new order is quickly emerging in the new media environment. Despite being considered as ‘experts’, they do not necessarily know how to tackle the so-called ‘youth-at-risk’. Rather, they are exploring how they would capitalize on the opportunities offered by the developments. The key findings highlight the need to critically review the notion of ‘Internet risks’. As with other risk frameworks, the ultimate aim is to develop intervention programmes. In this regard, risks are often treated as concrete problems that can be solved. Youth experts, however, find that the changing scope, speed and persistence of communication in today's information society present the biggest challenge in youth work. The existing framework of risks was unable to describe and account for such risks. In response, Internet risk has to be reconceptualized so that more updated, relevant and imaginative intervention can be introduced.     

明末至清中叶白山派发展述略

本文首先考察了玛哈图木·阿杂木其人其事与白山派的关系,其次着重探讨白山派的早期沿革史,重点放在阿帕克和卓以前的历史活动上.因这段历史比较模糊,易产生混乱,而阿帕克和卓以后的历史发展较清晰,且学术界作过不少研究,所以就这段历史略加叙述.     

《诗经》与先秦崇玉习俗

<诗经>通过日常生活和礼仪生活用玉的描写,生动地反映了先秦崇玉习俗的各个侧面.我们通过对这些材料的梳理,可以看出:玉是先秦时期沟通世俗与神圣的媒介,<诗>中的玉意象也折射出人们心灵世界的光芒.     

黎族"禁"习惯法的演变

"禁"是黎族传统文化中特有的一种现象.黎族"禁"习惯法主要包括"查禁"和"除禁"两个方面."禁" 习惯法的演变经历:产生、兴盛、衰落、消亡四个阶段.这一演变过程与黎族社会历史类型的转变相对应,是内外因长期综合作用的结果.     

女娲"人首蛇身"形象的结构分析

本文通过古籍中对女娲记载的分析,确定大约汉代时人们对女娲人首蛇身的形象已经形成相对一致的认识;并从野性的思维角度重新审视半人半兽形象的由来,认为人首蛇身是思维对自然—文化秩序进行调和的产物,并具体结合女娲神话分析了人首蛇身的来源和内涵,以及蛇身在大母神形象中的意义、蛇多样的象征意义对女娲神格的影响。     

浅析《爱弥儿》中的青年社会交往观

卢梭在《爱弥儿》一书中,通过对青年爱弥儿的道德教育的论述表达了他关于青年社会交往的观点。《爱弥儿》中的青年交往观主要包括青年社会交往的必要性、青年社会交往的基本原则以及青年在社会交往中的具体行为表现等内容。卢梭的青年社会交往观以自然主义教育思想为基础,虽然带有一定的空想性,且主要针对的是18世纪的法国社会现实,有其时代局限性,但对于现代青年社会交往仍具有重要启示意义,特别是青年参与社会交往必须遵循一定的原则,青年社会交往应讲求一定的艺术和方法等观点值得加以借鉴和参考,使其对现代青年社会交往发挥指导作用。     

禁锢中的变迁:民国时期新疆妇女地位变迁

在很长的历史时期内,受地区经济文化发展水平及民族宗教的影响,新疆妇女社会地位低下,表现出"禁锢"的特征。民国时期,新疆在地缘政治中的重要地位日益凸显,各方势力在此角逐。他们治理新疆期间,多引入西方新思想、新观念进行一系列政治经济、文化教育和社会改革,新疆妇女的社会地位由此发生了重要变化。女子教育的兴起促使先进女性走出家庭的禁锢,进入学校学习知识,接受新思想的洗礼。妇女协会成立后,开始组织妇女参与社会活动,特别是抗日战争兴起后,协会广泛发起抗日教育宣传和募捐,使许多家庭妇女建立起"国家"的概念,主动承担起"国民"的责任与义务。     

The Role of Family SES and Language Background in Shaping the Well-Being of Children of Asian Origin in the Context of School Mobility

Using a sample of children of Asian origin from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Kindergarten Cohort (N ≈ 1,480), this study examines the relationship between school mobility and children’s well-being trajectories from kindergarten to fifth grade, paying particular attention to whether such relationships differ by child language status and family socioeconomic status. Considering a rich set of characteristics including family and school environments, the growth curve analyses indicate that children who had ever changed schools during these years performed worse on their reading and math scores, as well as being reported by teachers to have worse internalizing behaviors. This was only true when these children were from low-SES families or when their language background was predominately non-English-speaking. In contrast, children who changed schools at least once performed as well as, if not better than, their peers if they were from high-SES families or if they had a bilingual background (speaking both English and a non-English language). This study explores both the risk and the protective factors that help explain the well-being trajectories of children of Asian origins.     

爱的存在——蒂利希终极关怀思想管窥

爱不仅是情感的维度,更具有存在的意义。作为终极关怀的一部分,爱与终极关怀休戚相关,爱的沉沦正是终极关怀的困境所在,而爱的诠释则是终极关怀的表达。爱的存在深入生命的深层,并通过象征、悖论以及信仰的方式呈现出来,爱的呈现既是生命的展开,也是终极关怀的践行。