Sparse additive models

Summary.  We present a new class of methods for high dimensional non-parametric regression and classification called sparse additive models. Our methods combine ideas from sparse linear modelling and additive non-parametric regression. We derive an algorithm for fitting the models that is practical and effective even when the number of covariates is larger than the sample size. Sparse additive models are essentially a functional version of the grouped lasso of Yuan and Lin. They are also closely related to the COSSO model of Lin and Zhang but decouple smoothing and sparsity, enabling the use of arbitrary non-parametric smoothers. We give an analysis of the theoretical properties of sparse additive models and present empirical results on synthetic and real data, showing that they can be effective in fitting sparse non-parametric models in high dimensional data.     

Parental Work Schedules and Children's Cognitive Trajectories

Previous work has shown an association between mothers' nonstandard work schedules and children's well-being. We built on this research by examining the relationship between parental shift work and children's reading and math trajectories from age 5/6 to 13/14. Using data (N=7,105) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and growth curve modeling, we found that children's math and reading trajectories were related to parents' type of nonstandard shifts (i.e., evening, night, or variable). We found that having a mother who worked more years at a night shift was associated with lower reading scores, having a mother work more years at evening or night shifts was associated with reduced math trajectories, and having a father work more years at an evening shift was associated with reduced math scores. Mediation tests suggest that eating meals together, parental knowledge about children's whereabouts, and certain after-school activities might help explain these results.     

液压系统CAD软件开发中的高级用户界面设计

高级用户界面是CAD应用软件与用户进行人机交互的重要手段之一,是人机之间的一个重要接口。其性能的好坏,将直接影响CAD软件的使用效率和宜人性,是对应用软件进行评价的一项重要指标。文章对研制的液压CAD系统利用对话框工具所开发的图文并茂的用户界面进行了分析,并给出了有关技巧和经验。     

激光探测系统阈值电路的分析及应用

介绍了三种典型的阈值电路，论述了其结构及特点，并指出各自的适用范围     

明清小说民间巫术和禁忌习俗描写中的悲情女性

明清小说所描述的民间巫术和禁忌习俗中,女性承受着身心双重的痛苦折磨,这是时代和社会悲剧的侧影。明清小说的作者过分宽容地演示了男性的霸权心理,而且延续了男权文化的女性评价标准,没有提供帮助女性战胜各种危险的可行性指导,也不可能培养女性积极进取、有效抗争的精神,其思想局限对民族精神造成的损害极其严重。     

口译记忆认知与记忆策略探索

口译是一个复杂的信息处理过程,必须经过语言信息的接收、解码、记忆、编码和再表达等一系列认知处理环节。记忆是口译活动的核心环节,也是制约和困扰口译活动的主要"瓶颈"。口译信息的处理涉及几个不同层次记忆系统的参与,其中,短时记忆是信息处理的关键。为了摆脱口译记忆的困境,译员可采取语义记忆、形象记忆、组合编码等多种途径来减轻记忆负荷,提高信息的加工和贮存能力。     

Effects of Posture on Newborn Crying

Acoustic properties of the cries of 14 infants were evaluated at both 2 and 4 weeks of age when the infants were lying in a supine position and when they were sitting upright in a car seat. In the upright position, infants' breathing was more rapid and showed less individual variability. The fundamental frequency of their cries increased in the upright position, but this increase was likely attributable to increased arousal or distress, not to posture per se. There were no differences in acoustic measures related to vocal tract shape in the supine versus upright positions. Across age, there was a decline in fundamental frequency. Individual difference stability of most acoustic measures was moderate to high. The importance of postural effects on the acoustic features of cries was discussed.     

应用高温轧制工艺(HTP)生产高强度管线钢

高温轧制工艺(HTP)是生产高强度管线钢的一种新工艺,HTP管线钢也被称为新一代管线钢,介绍了高温轧制工艺(HTP)及HTP管线钢的基本概念,对美国Cheyenne项目中HTP管线钢的生产工艺和产品性能作了分析,指出我国应进一步加快HTP工艺的研发步伐,使我国更多的企业能够应用HTP工艺技术,生产出优质的高级别的管线钢,以满足我国未来管线建设的需要.