印度东北地区的移民问题

印度东北地区的移民问题主要是原住居民与外来移民的冲突问题.此问题由来已久,不但造成该地区经济困难、社会秩序混乱,而且还诱发了分离主义与恐怖主义,危及印度国家领土与主权完整,影响南亚地区安全与稳定.鉴于印度东北地区与邻国人文、地理的相近性,印度民族政策失误造成的影响等因素,印度东北地区的移民问题短时间内难以从根本上得到解决.     

立普妥对老年充血性心力衰竭MS患者血清CRP和LDL-C的影响

目的探讨CRP水平和充血性心力衰竭（CHF）、代谢综合征（MS）程度之间的关系,以及应用立普妥对CHF代谢综合征预后的影响。方法观察120例CHF代谢综合征患者在常规应用心衰治疗药物的基础上,给予立普妥干预前后血清CRP和LDL-C的变化。另选30例无心衰MS患者为对照组。结果心衰代谢综合征患者CRP、LDL-C水平均明显高于无心衰代谢综合征患者（P〈0.05）相关分析显示CHF患者的CRP水平和心衰程度呈正相关（r=0.14,0.21,0.32,0.39,P〈0.05）。CHF患者的LDL-C水平和心衰程度亦呈正相关（r=0.21,0.33,0.46,0.50,P〈0.05）。药物干预组立普妥治疗前与治疗后比较,LDL-C水平有明显降低（P〈0.05）。常规治疗组治疗前与治疗后比较,LDL-C水平无明显变化（P〉0.05）。药物干预组患者给予立普妥干预治疗4,8周后比较CRP水平均有显著降低（P〈0.01）,且与应用时间的长短呈正相关（r=0.11,0.34,P〈0.05）;常规治疗组患者治疗前、后比较,CRP水平无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论CRP可以作为CHF代谢综合征患者预后评估的重要指标之一。     

虞西话“大”字异读现象研究

文章通过对虞西话"大"字异读现象的微观分析统计,指出"大"字异读分为文白异读和借词异读,此外,部分白读词还出现了新旧异读."大"字异读的内在规律是:第一,不同但相近的外来音经过音系自身的调整在受影响的方言中以一种音而不是数种音来表现;第二,外来音通过词汇扩散的形式渗透到本地音中;第三,语音转变遵循从外来词汇到本地一般词汇再到本地基本词汇的规律,在年龄分布上,有着从青年向中年、老年扩散的规律.     

Fengshui theory in urban landscape planning

The spatial configuration of urban landscapes results from cumulative interactions between human activities and the physical environment. Traditional philosophies and cultural legacies have had important influences on urban development and planning in East Asia. In Seoul, traditional land use practices based on ‘Fengshui’ have significantly contributed to human-mediated patterns of landscape changes, in addition to the role of the socio-economic background (development) and other human activities. The concept of Fengshui was originally founded upon people’s empirical cognition of natural landscape patterns. Recently, however, advanced economic development, westernization and urbanization have been rapidly altering the old traditions of the holistic landscape systems through changing urban planning practices. Since the type, scale, frequency, distribution and spreading pattern of environmental and human disturbances have been changed, a new paradigm for urban landscape planning is necessary to maintain the ecological and cultural integrity of landscapes in Korea. In this paper, we discuss recent concepts and methods of landscape ecology and urban planning from the viewpoint of Fengshui, the traditional land use patterns in Seoul, whose application has so far been restricted only to traditional land evaluation. We conclude that, to maintain the sustainability of the urban landscape, it is necessary to develop a new urban planning framework for the region that is based on the integration between landscape ecology principles with the traditional concepts of Fengshui.     

转型时期影响男女平等意识的因素分析

妇女问题的核心是妇女地位问题 ,因为这是一切妇女问题最集中、最本质的体现 ,它不仅是妇女问题解决与否的主要标志 ,而且是衡量社会经济发展水平的重要尺度。男女平等的意识问题 ,属于人的观念范畴 ,对解决转型时期中国妇女问题中男女平等意识进行了分析和梳理 ,以利于更好地解决当下妇女问题 ,追求人的全面发展     

‘Keeping the story alive’: is ethnic and racial dilution inevitable for multiracial people and their children?

This paper explores how multiracial parents with White partners articulate narratives of ethnic and racial ‘dilution’ and cultural loss in relation to the socialization of their children. In our broader study of how multiracial parents raise their children, we found that parents commonly spoke of concerns around dilution and generational change in relation to four key themes: the loss of cultural knowledge and diminishing practices that connected parents and their children to a minority ancestry; the embodiment of White‐appearing children and the implications of this for family relationships; the use of biological or genetic discourses in relation to reduced blood quantum; and concerns amongst Black/White participants about whitening and the loss of racial consciousness. Parental understandings of dilution varied greatly; some expressed sadness at ‘inevitable’ loss; others were more philosophical about generational change; and others still proactively countered loss through strategies to connect their children to their minority heritages. We show that despite growing awareness of the social constructedness of race and an emergent cosmopolitanism among these parents, discourses of genetics, cultural lineage, and the ‘naturalness’ of race continue to hold sway amongst many multiracial parents.     

Fiscal Decentralization and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from Urban China

The impact of government structure on citizen welfare remains an open question. This study uses a repeated cross-section data (China General Social Survey) of Chinese urban households to test the hypothesis that fiscal decentralization increases individual welfare. The data used were collected in 2003, 2005 and 2006 and covered most of the provinces in China. We construct two measures of fiscal decentralization: one is based on revenue and the other on expenditure. Then we apply ordered Probit regression to investigate the impact of decentralization on individual life satisfaction after controlling a rich set of individual characteristics and several important macroeconomic factors. We find that greater revenue decentralization increases life satisfaction, a finding that is quite robust across different specifications. We also find that revenue decentralization is more important to the underdeveloped western region, the private sector employees and homeowners. In terms of income distribution, both the rich and the poor gain from revenue decentralization.     

内涵与特征：土家族的傩文化

土家族的傩文化是一种内涵丰富、特色鲜明的文化体系.土家族的傩文化在不断地演进与转换的历史进程中,始终保存着原始宗教信仰的印记,并表现出多层次的社会功能.     

利他主义:利益博奕的一种均衡

人类社会的利他主义本质上是利益搏弈的一种均衡。主要是 :利他主义是实现人类理性均衡的基本条件 ;利他主义有利于实现利益博弈的客体均衡 ;同时 ,利他主义也有利于实现利益博弈的主体均衡。利他主义的最高境界是 :作为工具的利他主义与作为目的的利他主义实现了高度统一。     

Life stress, social support, coping and depressive symptoms: a comparison between the general population and family caregivers

Major depression is one of the four most prevalent psychiatric diseases in Taiwan. Furthermore, a study showed that 45 per cent of the family caregivers of persons with persistent psychiatric disability were at risk of depression. The present study aimed at examining if caregivers experienced more depressive symptoms than the general population while controlling for other variables (direct effect), and if the constellation of correlates of depressive symptoms was different between the general population and caregivers (interaction effect). Data from 1979 subjects were gathered in a national survey, using stratified random sampling. The results revealed that the caregivers experienced significantly more depressive symptoms than the general population. However, the effect disappeared when other variables were taken into account. Life stress appeared to be more important than coping and social support. The other two common correlates of depressive symptoms were age and being unmarried. Relational stress mattered especially for caregivers. Lastly, social support variables were significant only for the general population; satisfaction with support could buffer the negative effect of survival stress on depressive symptoms.