从社会文化角度诠释语言的角色及意义

语言学家韩礼德一直把语言看作是一种社会符号。他认为语言是社会生活的产物。所以,对语言性质和意义的诠释不能与其所属的社会和文化相脱离。语言与人类社会化进程密切相关,它不仅仅是一套符号,一种体系,语言首先是一种“社会实践”。     

流通软实力研究将会 独辟蹊径 别开生面

作者认为,流通＂软实力＂的研究,将会独辟蹊径开创流通领域研究的新视角、新思路,有助于推动流通影响力的研究。运用软实力理论和方法,定性研究与精确化定量研究相结合,有助于解决我国流通领域存在的＂成本高、效能低＂等诸多紧迫现实问题。     

Challenging a culture of racial equivalence

We live at a time when our understandings and conceptualizations of ‘racism’ are often highly imprecise, broad, and used to describe a wide range of racialized phenomena. In this article, I raise some important questions about how the term racism is used and understood in contemporary British society by drawing on some recent cases of alleged racism in football and politics, many of which have been played out via new media technologies. A broader understanding of racism, through the use of the term ‘racialization’, has been helpful in articulating a more nuanced and complex understanding of racial incidents, especially of people's (often ambivalent) beliefs and behaviours. However, the growing emphasis upon ‘racialization’ has led to a conceptualization of racism which increasingly involves multiple perpetrators, victims, and practices without enough consideration of how and why particular interactions and practices constitute racism as such. The trend toward a growing culture of racial equivalence is worrying, as it denudes the idea of racism of its historical basis, severity and power. These frequent and commonplace assertions of racism in the public sphere paradoxically end up trivializing and homogenizing quite different forms of racialized interactions. I conclude that we need to retain the term ‘racism’, but we need to differentiate more clearly between ‘racism’ (as an historical and structured system of domination) from the broader notion of ‘racialization’.     

基于流程活动的IT与企业战略匹配测量

在信息系统领域理论研究中,如何测量IT与企业战略匹配仍是一个没有解决的问题。本研究首先以亨德森(Henderson)和文卡特拉曼(Venkatraman,1999)提出的战略匹配模型为基础,将IT战略的内涵聚焦为实现的应用软件组合给组织提供的支持上。然后,根据这一思路提出了衡量IT战略的维度应该符合三个条件,并说明了流程活动是适合的维度。同时,在IT与企业战略匹配值的计算方法上,我们对传统的调节匹配(moderation)方法提出了改进建议。最后,我们用中国制造业101家企业首席信息官(CIO)的调查数据进行了分析,结果表明本研究测量方法的有效性得到了支持。     

Robust rank screening for ultrahigh dimensional discriminant analysis

In this paper, we consider sure independence feature screening for ultrahigh dimensional discriminant analysis. We propose a new method named robust rank screening based on the conditional expectation of the rank of predictor’s samples. We also establish the sure screening property for the proposed procedure under simple assumptions. The new procedure has some additional desirable characters. First, it is robust against heavy-tailed distributions, potential outliers and the sample shortage for some categories. Second, it is model-free without any specification of a regression model and directly applicable to the situation with many categories. Third, it is simple in theoretical derivation due to the boundedness of the resulting statistics. Forth, it is relatively inexpensive in computational cost because of the simple structure of the screening index. Monte Carlo simulations and real data examples are used to demonstrate the finite sample performance.     

文化符号视阈下客家非物质文化遗产的传承和利用——以闽西客家为例

现代化、市场化、城镇化冲击着非物质文化遗产的原有传承基础,非物质文化遗产保护问题受到前所末有的挑战.从文化符号学的角度对客家非物质文化遗产进行功能分析,它具有文化认同、沟通、审美等功能,但在社会发展和变迁中受到冲击,只有利用文化符号规律能更好地传承与利用客家非物质文化遗产,在收集整理、保护利用、人才培养、区域合作等方面发挥客家文化符号的作用.     

Interpreting out-of-control signals using instance-based bayesian classifier in multivariate statistical process control

In this article, an instance-based naive Bayes (INB) method is proposed to interpret out-of-control signals. By training one for one classifier, this method considers the similar features between test instance and training instances. For three benchmark examples with small number of variables, the experimental results show that INB outperforms all techniques in overall average performance; in cases of more than two variables, INB performs better in most scenarios. For two examples with large number of variables, the experimental results show that INB can be applied to practical problems. This research indicates that INB is very encouraging for interpreting the out-of-control signals in multivariate statistical process control.     

我国教育技术学硕士学位论文的可视化研究——基于社会网络分析视角

关键词是文献的重要组成部分,凝聚了文献的论述核心。选取教育技术学专业硕士学位论文的关键词,经过数据处理形成共词矩阵。采用社会网络分析（SNA）方法和工具,从绘制网络社群图、中心性分析、网络密度分析、小世界效应分析、核心—边缘分析等角度做了详细的论述,指出了我国教育技术学研究生的研究方向及现状。     

Understanding Public Perceptions of Benefits and Risks of Childhood Vaccinations in the United States

In the face of a growing public health concern accompanying the reemerging threat of preventable diseases, this research seeks mainly to explain variations in the perceived benefits and risks of vaccinations among the general public in the United States. As Mary Douglas and Aaron Wildavsky's grid‐group cultural theory of risk perception claims, the analytical results based upon original data from a nationwide Internet survey of 1,213 American adults conducted in 2010 suggest that individuals’ cultural predispositions contribute to the formation of their perceptions pertaining to vaccine benefits and risks at both societal and individual levels, in conjunction with other factors suggested by previous risk perception literature, such as perceived prevalence of diseases, trust, knowledge level, and demographic characteristics. Those with a strong hierarch orientation tend to envision greater benefits and lesser risks and conceive of a relatively high ratio of benefit to risk when compared to other cultural types. By contrast, those with a strong fatalist tendency are inclined to emphasize risks and downplay benefits while conceiving of a low vaccination benefit‐risk ratio. Situated between hierarchs and fatalists, strong egalitarians are prone to perceive greater benefits, smaller risks, and a more positive benefit‐risk ratio than strong individualists.     

中国分地区大中型工业企业R&D资产折旧率测算

R&D资产折旧率作为R&D支出资本化过程中的重要指标,其数值直接影响我国资本存量、GDP等测算结果的准确性,但以往研究对R&D资产折旧内在原理的认识不足且对其数值的选取存在较大任意性.针对以上问题,本文借鉴前瞻利润模型构建了我国地区工业企业R&D资产折旧率测算模型,在选取1997-2010年《中国科技统计年鉴》数据的基础上,经科学测算将样本期延伸为1997-2015年,并采用数值最优化算法分别测算了各地区大中型工业企业R&D资产折旧率.结果表明,我国地区大中型工业企业R&D资产折旧率高于以往研究结果且各地区间存在明显差异.对于R&D资产技术含量高的地区、竞争程度低的地区、研发投入时滞期短的地区和自主研发能力强的地区R&D资产折旧率相对较低;反之,R&D资产折旧率相对较高.本文的测算结果弥补了R&D资产折旧率已有研究的不足,有助于我国各地区大中型工业企业R&D资产存量、R&D资产回报等进一步的研究.