现代主义、台湾文学和全球化趋势对文学体制的冲击

现代主义和台湾文学是我多年关注的课题,两者都在全球化加速的21世纪初受到不小冲击,产生了一些质变,使得许多旧有的研究典范不再适用,鞭策我们去探寻更具诠释力的分析框架.比如说,以东亚为范畴的比较文学框架.全球化和区域整合是一体的两面;近20年来的全球化趋势下,东亚地区茁生了一个强劲的、生气盎然的文化市场,区域内部的文化交易量骤增,学者们也开始用心思索这个地区所呈现的、有别于西方的现代性样貌.全球化趋势下新的文化生态逐渐成形,随之而来的是文类位阶的调整和美学意识的转变.或许回溯一下文学当初被型构成一个现代性体制时的历史状态,可以提供一些有用的线索,帮助我们透视正在发生的诸多看来颇为陌生的文化现象.     

Practising Gender When Networking: The Case of University–Industry Innovation Projects

This paper gains insight into the role of gender in interpersonal networks, which is largely neglected in research on networking. We do so by exploring the concept of ‘practising gender’, the spatial‐temporal accomplishment of gender practices, when people build, maintain and exit social networks. The paper is based on a study of male‐dominated technological collaboration projects between universities and industry. Our analysis of observations of project meetings and interviews with project participants demonstrates how people in real time and space draw from culturally available gender practices in their networking with each other. This practising of gender was found to be done largely unreflexively, sometimes through humour, within allegedly trivial activities such as pouring coffee and socializing as well as in critical activities such as composing the network. The exploration of the practising of gender in relation to culturally available gender practices enabled us to examine how those gender practices are reproduced, stretched or challenged when people network. We show how focussing on the dynamic side of gender allows us to get better insight into how gender inequalities in networks are reproduced or countered on the micro‐interactional level.     

Community-university collaborations: creating hybrid research and collective identities

In this article we explore the politics of community-university collaborative research and activism. We are scholars based in universities as well as members of various ‘communities’—queer, Pasifika and Māori—hence we regularly venture beyond the formal research spaces of the academy and enter into critical collaborative research with others working in ‘the community’. In what follows we first outline collaborative community-based research literature that advocates hybrid research collectivities. Second, we give some context and background to our methodologies that have enabled us to re-think collaborative research. Third, examples from our research are offered to illustrate the ways in which collaborative research constructs new collective identities. Finally, we conclude by arguing that social science scholars working across university-community boundaries may expand and multiply hybrid research collectives, and thereby effect positive social change at many levels.     

The Structure of Parent–Child Dyadic Synchrony in Toddlerhood and Children's Communication Competence and Self-control

The aim of the present investigation was to examine parent–child synchrony and its link to children's communicative competence and self-control. Data were collected from 80 families with toddler age children (41 girls, 39 boys) during a laboratory assessment. Five components of parent–child dyadic synchrony were assessed during a semi-structured parent–child play activity at 18 months. Assessments of children's communicative competence and self-control were obtained at 36 months. Results indicated that parent–child synchrony, shared positive affect, and mutual compliance were highly intercorrelated components of dyadic synchrony. Moreover, children from highly synchronous parent–child dyads displayed more communicative competence and more self-controlled behavior. Mother–child mutual compliance and father–child shared positive affect were particularly significant contributors to children's self control. The associations between synchrony and child developmental adjustment remained significant after controlling for individual child and parent behavior. Developmental implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

Citizenship education for a pluralistic world: the selection of children’s literature in Dutch Protestant primary schools

The goals of citizenship education are often contested in Protestant schools with an ethnically heterogeneous population of pupils in multicultural European societies today. This is connected to the tension between the inclusive goal of citizenship for a pluralistic world and the exclusive goal of education in the Christian faith. This paper presents an explorative study on citizenship education. It describes the opinions of teachers and parents on the selection and use of children’s literature in Dutch ‘liberal’ Protestant primary schools. The results show that most teachers favour the avoidance of books that might not fit in with the Protestant identity of the school or possibly raise objections from orthodox parents. There is considerable diversity in the positions parents take on the issue.     

Evaluation and assessment

The current debate about the balance between child protection and family support, informed by the publication of a sequence of government sponsored research studies, tends to focus on the investigative stage of child protection relating to Section 47 of the Children Act 1989 and contrasts this with the less stigmatising approach of assessment and support to the families of children in need under Section 17 of the Act. Little attention has so far been paid in Government documents and guidance to the child protection process after the initial investigative stage. The work of the core group, set up by the child protection conference when a child's name is placed on the register, is, however, the main vehicle for the implementation of the plan to protect the child(ren) at risk in a family and marries the twin strands of protection and support.

Because of the pressures on training and staff development sections of Social Services Departments, as well as on academic institutions offering social work courses to meet the mandatory requirements of CCETSW and of the Training Support Programme, training and education relating to core groups have been afforded low priority in most authorities and universities.

Research suggests that there is great potential for prevention, for family support and for positive work with children and their families in this area of work. A recent national conference suggested models for progressing good practice. A pre-conference questionnaire was completed by conference participants and is to be extended to all local authority Social Services Departments to collect information on current practice and procedures.

Training Issues include the following:

• 1. partnership practice with both family members and professionals;

• 2. communication with children and young people and other family members;

• 3. power and issues of difference;

• 4. clear and detailed planning, monitoring and review;

• 5. user perspectives.

Some examples of professionals' and service users' views will be given as well as suggestions for a framework and strategy for training in this area.     

Empowerment as a Framework for Indigenous Workforce Development and Organisational Change

Abstract

Relative powerlessness resulting from colonial dispossession and associated passive welfare policies has long been recognised as a critical factor influencing the health and wellbeing of Indigenous Australians, yet it is hard to find well-evaluated health and social interventions that take an explicit empowerment approach. This paper presents the findings of a Family Wellbeing Empowerment programme pilot delivered to Cairns Region Department of Families Indigenous youth workers and family and community workers in 2003/2004. The aim of the pilot was to build the capacity of these workers to address personal and professional issues as a basis for providing better support for their clients. The pilot demonstrated the effectiveness of the programme as a tool for worker empowerment and, to a lesser degree, organisational change.     

Ethnic Bias in California Courts: A Case Study of Chicano and Anglo Felony Defendants

This paper reports the results of a study designed to examine the possibility that Mexican-Americans charged with felonies receive biased treatment in California courts. Using data from superior courts in Fresno, California, it is shown that, when charged with similar crimes, Chicanos and Anglos in this district are given quite similar treatment–there is no observable judicial bias. In addition, this study shows a much stronger relationship between seriousness of charge and length of sentence (if guilty) than other earlier studies have. This is attributed to California's determinate sentencing law, which, it appears, forces the courts to give heavy and relatively uniform weight to legally relevant variables in sentencing.