农村基本经营制度改革:中心线索、重点变迁与路径取向

我国农村基本经营制度改革既有一贯坚持的基本原则,也有伴随着时代变迁而表现出来的阶段性特征。传统"二元"论或"三元"论既难以完整涵盖其主要内容,也不能准确反映变迁过程中的重点转移。"一个中心、三个基本点"的新视角,则能较好解决上述问题。在不同时期,应始终坚持"农村土地的集体所有"这个中心;在不同历史阶段,改革的重点则依次是"家庭经营的主体地位"、"农户土地的用益物权"和"市场主导的社会服务"。未来改革重点则是在实现城乡公共服务均等化的同时,围绕农地用途、经营主体准入、食品安全、生态补偿等完善微观规制和扶持政策。     

Control‐based imputation for sensitivity analyses in informative censoring for recurrent event data

In clinical trials, missing data commonly arise through nonadherence to the randomized treatment or to study procedure. For trials in which recurrent event endpoints are of interests, conventional analyses using the proportional intensity model or the count model assume that the data are missing at random, which cannot be tested using the observed data alone. Thus, sensitivity analyses are recommended. We implement the control‐based multiple imputation as sensitivity analyses for the recurrent event data. We model the recurrent event using a piecewise exponential proportional intensity model with frailty and sample the parameters from the posterior distribution. We impute the number of events after dropped out and correct the variance estimation using a bootstrap procedure. We apply the method to an application of sitagliptin study.     

A comparison study of computational methods of Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic in credit scoring

Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic (KS) is a standard measure in credit scoring. Currently, there are three computational methods of KS: method with equal-width binning, method with equal-size binning and method without binning. This paper compares the three methods in three aspects: Values, Rank Ordering of Scores and Geometrical Way. The computational results on the German Credit Data show that only the method without binning can produce a unique value of KS. It is further proved analytically that the method without binning yields the maximum value of KS among the three methods. The computational results also show that only the method with equal-size binning can be used to evaluate rank ordering of scores. Moreover, it is proved that all the three methods can be used to calculate KS in a geometric way.     

试论师范院校电教演示设备的优化及应用

本文首先对传统课堂演示设备存在的问题进行分析,提出了把多媒体教学演示系统引进课堂,并进一步阐述其结构、功能及如何提高其利用率。     

试论生态美学中的生态中心主义原则

生态美学在美学的发展过程中最重要的突破就在于从“人类中心主义”过渡到“生态中心主义”。学术界对于这种“生态中心主义”的看法分歧甚大,有人批判其为“反人类”。这其实是一种误解,因为“生态中心主义”中的“生态平等”是人与万物在“生命环链”之中的相对平等,而不是绝对平等。因此,它实质上是对于人的生存权利的充分尊重与保护,是一种更具普适性的人道主义,所以,它不是“反人类”的。生态中心主义原则对于以海德格尔为代表的当代存在论美学突破“人类中心主义”走向“生态中心主义”起了决定性的作用。这就是海德格尔的“天地神人四方游戏说”美学观的提出。     

提高学生英语听力浅议

本文就如何提高农村初中学生英语听力能力的相关问题加以论述。     

理解的三个过程

本文论述了阅读理解的三个过程 :语义辨析、语法分析和逻辑分析 ,并指出这三个过程相互影响 ,相互作用 ,缺一不可     

大学生创造性思维培养研究

创造性思维是创造活动的核心,创造性思维源于智能的驱动——灵感、直觉和想象,研究三者的形成与表现对大学生创造性思维的培养有极其重要的意义。大学生的创造性思维培养应当从逻辑思维训练、知识与信息补充、创造意识激发、科学素质与人文素质融合、实践活动开展等几个方面入手。     

The Role of Family in Career Choices among Social Workers in China

Abstract

High turnover rate affects social work workforce development in China. Few empirical studies have been conducted to explore the factors that have influences on turnover intention among Chinese social workers. This study used data from China General Survey on Professional Social Workers to examine the influence of job satisfaction and family attitude on social workers’ career choices. The findings reveal that both job satisfaction and family’ attitude toward the profession have significant effects on social workers’ turnover intention. Family’s support or disapproval of the social work profession has moderate effect on the negative correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intention. The findings could be explained by the familyism culture of Chinese society and unique challenges of professional development experienced by social workers in China. Future studies should consider the influence of family to develop a more comprehensive research framework. Management in social service agencies should help family of social workers to learn and embrace the profession to gain their support of choosing social work as career.     

董事会特征与总经理变更

本文以在上海证券交易所1999年前上市的公司为样本,研究董事会特征等治理变量对总经理变更的影响。研究结果表明,对相对业绩下降公司的总经理变更能起到显著解释作用的变量只有董事会会议的次数和公司的领导结构。而其它治理变量,诸如董事会规模、管理董事比例、独立董事比例、股权集中度、董事会成员持股比例等,未能对总经理变更起到显著的解释作用。