Collective versus Individual Effects in Survival Analysis of Multiple Failures

In survival analysis, we sometimes encounter data with multiple censored outcomes. Under certain scenarios, partial or even all covariates have ‘similar’ relative risks on the multiple outcomes in the Cox regression analysis. The similarity in covariate effects can be quantified using the proportionality of regression coefficients. Identifying the proportionality structure, or equivalently whether covariates have individual or collective effects, may have important scientific implications. In addition, it can lead to a smaller set of unknown parameters, which in turn results in more accurate estimation. In this article, we develop a novel approach for identifying the proportionality structure. Simulation shows the satisfactory performance of the proposed approach and its advantage over estimation under no assumed structure. We analyse three datasets to demonstrate the practical application of the proposed approach.     

Indirect membership function assignment based on ordinal regression

In many fuzzy sets applications, fuzzy membership functions are commonly developed based on empirical or expert knowledge. The equation of a membership function is usually determined somewhat arbitrarily. This paper explores a novel membership function design method based on ordinal regression analysis. The estimated thresholds between ordinal measurement categories are applied to calculate the intersection points between fuzzy sets. These intersection points are further applied to determine the equations of the membership functions. Information distortion due to empirical guess can thus be reduced and more latent information in the fuzzy responses can therefore be captured. A case study investigating the relationship between foster mothers’ satisfaction and the foster time and information provided has been conducted in this research. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed membership function assignment approach have been demonstrated through several case studies.     

Stochastic comparisons on sample extremes of dependent and heterogenous observations

Stochastic comparison on order statistics from heterogeneous-dependent observations has been paid lots of attention recently. This paper devotes to investigating the ordering properties of order statistics from dependent observations. We derive the usual stochastic order for sample minimums and the second smallest order statistic, the dispersive order and the star order for minimums of samples having proportional hazards and Archimedean survival copulas. Similar ordering results are also obtained for maximums and the second largest order statistic of samples having proportional reversed hazards and Archimedean copulas. Several examples illustrating the main results are presented as well.     

高校计算机类课程教学中发挥学生主体性的实践教学研究

伴随着社会的进步和时代的发展,高等教育的质量问题已成为高等教育改革与发展的核心问题。计算机类课程的教学具有其特点,尤其在高等教育阶段,需要突出学生的主体地位、发挥他们的主体性。本文旨在研究如何在计算机类课程教学中突出学生的主体地位、发挥他们的主体性,以教学方法为重点,以教师主导促进学生主体,研究具有实际意义和可操作性的专门针对计算机类课程教学的教学模式,并且提供教学实践中必要的细节的方法和原则,具有一定的可操作性和推广价值,使“学生主体”的理念能够在教育实践中真正落到实处。     

职业学院和师范学院大学生自我意识发展的比较研究

为了深入了解职业院校和师范院校大学生自我意识的发展特点,本研究运用《自我意识量表》对两类两所学校664名大学生进行调查。结果发现：（1）两种院校大学生的自我意识水平总体上都处于中等,但两个维度之间发展不平衡,公众自我维度的得分显著高于内在自我维度;（2）女生在公众自我维度上显著高于男生,年龄为18岁及以下的学生在自我意识总分上显著低于其他年龄的学生;（3）师范院校大学生在公众自我维度上的得分显著高于职业院校大学生。     

西利亚·撒克斯特作品中灾难书写的美学意蕴

西利亚·撒克斯特是19世纪美国女作家,其作品以其所居住的海岛为背景,记录了她在岛上的生活以及周围的自然景色。她在作品中表达了对自然之美的无尽热爱,这份热爱不仅局限于传统的田园牧歌式的自然景致,也延伸到了神秘而令人胆怯的荒野之中。本文结合当代环境美学家关于“非美自然”的论述,并参考康德对于纯粹审美判断的阐释,从“距离”与“道德”两个角度对西利亚作品中关于灾难性自然景观的言说进行审美意义上诠释。西利亚坚持以自然的名义欣赏自然,希望借助康德式的纯粹审美还原审美自然灾难的合理性。此外,她选择成为灾难的“旁观者”而非“参与者”,克服了“恐惧”对于审美自然灾难所产生的阻碍,证明了欣赏自然灾难的可行性。分析西利亚作品中所体现的自然审美思想,不仅是对自然文学研究领域的进一步延伸,也是对当代环境美学理论的一次反哺与验证。西利亚对自然灾难的审美言说是一次勇敢的尝试,不仅为人类积极地理解自然灾难提供了一种可能性,也扩宽了“非美自然”的审美疆域。     

职业师范院校艺术类学生思想政治教育路径探析

职业师范院校艺术类专业学生思想政治教育的效果一直不够理想,这与艺术类专业学生的文化素质、思想水平、心理素质、个性特点等密切相关。本文通过对思想政治教育的有效路径研究,将师范教育、专业发展融为一体,为职教发展培养合格艺术类人才,促进学生全面发展,提升人才培养质量。     

明清徽州经济活动中的乡例举隅

明清时期,徽州乡村社会在土地交易、动产或不动产的借贷与典当,以及其他一些相关的经济活动中,逐步形成了复杂多样的乡例.它们产生、发展并实行于民间,是民间日常生产与生活中约定俗成的一种规则,同时又具有一定的变通性和模糊性.尽管其中有诸多不合理甚至不合法之处,且地区性差异明显,但它们的存在对维护乡村社会正常的经济秩序和社会稳定,发挥了重要作用.     

成都特色乡村旅游发展及特色研究——兼谈对社会主义新农村建设的促进作用

本文从发展历程、特色类型、经营方式、政府扶持与规制办法四个方面研究了成都特色乡村旅游的发展模式,分析了成都特色乡村旅游带来的政治、经济、社会、文化效益。指出应加强成都特色乡村旅游的文化内涵,促进其良性发展,优化成都社会主义新农村的建设平台。