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排序方式: 共有241条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
This is an analysis of maternal survival of up to 13,202 mothers following 56,546 births in south central Slavonia (Croatia) in the period 1714-1898, using automated family reconstitution of 23,307 marriages, 112,181 baptisms, and 94,077 burials from seven contiguous Catholic parishes. Physiological factors have the effects commonly expected. Maternal risk is increased by general economic and social conditions that are plausibly related to withdrawal of men's labour from family farming as a result of military mobilizations and growing levels of wage labour. Risk is decreased by membership in large patriarchal kin groups, but is increased by both the presence of classic rivals (husband's brothers' wives) and being married to a husband junior among his brothers. The analysis demonstrates the sensitivity of maternal survival to macrolevel changes in such factors as the collapse of feudalism, military involvement, economic stagnation, and monetization, as well as to microeconomic and micropolitical factors at the household and local kin-group level. 相似文献
63.
This study examines the role of abuse-specific maternal support in the association between parent depressive symptoms and child externalizing problems in a sample of children with a history of sexual abuse. In total, 106 mother-child dyads were studied. The association between maternal depressive symptoms and child delinquency behaviors was found to partially operate through abuse-specific maternal support, which was assessed via parent report. Implications of the findings for parenting programs are discussed, and future research directions are considered. 相似文献
64.
Thompson AM 《Journal of evidence-based social work》2011,8(3):304-322
The author's systematic review of 2,294 articles from 10 journals in the fields of education, special education, school social work, school psychology, and school counseling identified 42 articles meeting search criteria of addressing evidence-based interventions for students with challenging behaviors in school settings. Interventions were considered evidence-based if they were (a) manualized or structured to facilitate replication; (b) evaluated with an experimental design; and (c) demonstrated to be effective. Current practices available to address students who require evidence-based interventions for challenging behaviors are summarized. Suggestions for intervention development to address the needs of students with difficult behaviors are offered. 相似文献
65.
Amanda E. Hunsaker Aaron Mann 《Journal Of Human Behavior In The Social Environment》2013,23(7):841-848
Advance directives (ADs) provide a way to express medical care preferences at the end of life, yet they are underutilized. This article analyzes the effect of the Patient Self-Determination Act and presents recommendations for the improvement of AD legislation. Although the Patient Self-Determination Act was intended to educate patients, clinicians, and the public about ADs, more work is needed to improve involvement in end-of-life care decision making for individuals who may be disenfranchised in this process. 相似文献
66.
This article is a review of some of the main research approaches to understanding racial profiling as it manifests in the traffic stop. It orients the emergence of racial profiling as a product of the war on drugs philosophy guiding law enforcement in the late 20th century and discusses how the contemporary nature of racial profiling has origins in a long history of racialized policing in the United States. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the issue, particularly from mainstream criminologists, focus on quantitative assessment of exposure to law enforcement agents and rational choice-based arguments that it makes sense to target certain groups based on the hue of the criminal justice system. More critical approaches examined within complicate this notion by contextualizing racial profiling in contemporary times as a mere manifestation of historical efforts by the state to marginalize communities of color. 相似文献
67.
Gargi Bhattacharyya Satnam Virdee Aaron Winter 《Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power》2020,27(1):1-19
ABSTRACTThis piece reconsiders histories of anti-racist thought and practice, including the linkages between anti-racisms and other traditions of liberatory thought. We argue that anti-racism should be understood as a strand in radical thought linking internationalism, institutional critique and street activism, in the process interfeeding with other social movements. The traditions of anti-racist thought discussed in this special issue exemplify these cross-cutting influences. 相似文献
68.
Suzanne Bartle‐Haring Natasha Slesnick Aaron Murnan 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2018,44(4):671-686
It is rare that family members other than the identified patient are followed over time in studies of therapy effectiveness. Family therapy is believed to be effective because it targets processes within the system that maintain symptoms. If these processes are changed, then all family members can benefit. Using a sample of 183 mother–child dyads from a study comparing family therapy for adult substance use versus an attention control, change in child's substance use (tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana) was estimated. Children who participated in family therapy with their mothers showed greater decreases in alcohol and tobacco use and were less likely to begin using compared to children whose mothers participated in the attention control condition. 相似文献
69.
Eileen M. Crimmins Mark D. Hayward Aaron Hagedorn Yasuhiko Saito Nicolas Brouard 《Demography》2009,46(3):627-646
In this article, we examine changes in life expectancy free of disability using longitudinal data collected from 1984 through
2000 from two cohorts who composed the Longitudinal Studies of Aging I and II. Life expectancies with and without ADL and/or
IADL disability are calculated using a Markov-based multistate life table approach. At age 70, disability-free life expectancy
increased over a 10-year period by 0.6 of a year in the later cohort, which was the same as the increase in total life expectancy,
both increases marginally statistically significant. The average length of expected life with IADL and ADL disability did
not change. Changes in disability-free life expectancy resulted from decreases in disability incidence and increases in the
incidence of recovery from disability across the two survey cohorts. Age-specific mortality among the ADL disabled declined
significantly in the later cohort after age 80. Mortality for the IADL disabled and the nondisabled did not change significantly.
Those with ADL disability at age 70 experienced substantial increases in both total life expectancy and disability-free life
expectancy. These results indicate the importance of efforts both to prevent and delay disability and to promote recovery
from disability for increasing life expectancy without disability. Results also indicate that while reductions in incidence
and increases in recovery work to decrease population prevalence of disability, declining mortality among the disabled has
been a force toward increasing disability prevalence. 相似文献
70.
Cultural consumption is often viewed as a form of embodied cultural capital which can be converted into economic rewards (e.g., earnings) because such practices increase the likelihood of moving into more advantaged social positions. However, quantitative evidence supporting this theory remains uncertain because it is often unable to rule out alternative explanations. Cultural consumption appears to influence hiring decisions in some elite firms, in both the US and the UK, but it is unclear whether these processes are applicable to other professional occupations and other labour market processes, such as promotions. We examine these processes using data from Understanding Society, an individual‐level panel survey conducted in the UK, allowing us to explore whether cultural consumption predicts future earnings, upward social mobility and promotions. People who consume a larger number of cultural activities are more likely to earn higher wages in the future, to be upwardly socially mobile, and to be promoted. Cultural consumption, then, can function as cultural capital in some labour market settings, potentially contributing to the reproduction of income inequality between generations. 相似文献