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301.
Miguel Terroso Natacha Rosa Antonio Torres Marques Ricardo Simoes 《European review of aging and physical activity》2014,11(1):51-59
In the last decade, population ageing has been registered as a global phenomenon. A relation exists between falling and ageing, since falling frequency increases significantly with age. In fact, one in three older adult falls annually. Although ageing is generically associated with decrease and degeneration of psychological and physical functions, it is still not common for the correct identification of risk factors to lead to a clinical prognosis of the elder being in risk of falling. Therefore, the goal of this review article is to identify, categorise and analyse typical ageing and fall factors mentioned in the literature as well as to quantify the number of times they were referenced. The research considered hundreds of publications, but analysis was then restricted to the 87 most pertinent articles written in English and published in journals or scientific magazines between 1995 and 2010. We concluded that falls among older adults can be characterised by the following: anatomic characteristics and physiological consequences of ageing; the pathologies that induce falls, which can be neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and other diseases; causes and risk factors of falls that can be behavioural, biological, environmental or socio-economic; type of physical consequences of falls, including fractures, bruises, injuries or other physical consequences; and strategies to prevent, mitigate or rehabilitate, which can be of a physical, environmental or behavioural nature. 相似文献
302.
The presence of women on boards of directors has become a high profile issue in recent years. Several studies, based largely
on data from countries with Anglo-Saxon corporate governance systems, have investigated the influence of female board appointments
on firm performance. This study focuses on the impact of female directors in Spain, where debate about this topic has been
intense for two reasons: the recommendation in 2006 by Spain’s Unified Good Governance Code of positive discrimination in favour of female board appointments and the passing in 2007 of a Gender Equality Act by the Spanish parliament. Our paper analyses the short and long term effect of the appointment of female directors prior
to these events. We use an event study to analyze the short term stock market reaction to the appointment of female directors
and a multiple regression approach, using the system GMM estimation procedure, to assess the long term influence on firm value
of female boardroom appointments. We find that the stock market reacts positively in the short term to the announcement of
female board appointments, suggesting that investors on average believe that female directors add value. This belief appears
to be confirmed by our regression results which show that female board appointments are positively associated with firm value
over a sustained period. These results suggest that the legislative changes in Spain make economic sense as well as advancing
the cause of women in Spanish boardrooms. 相似文献
303.
Kevin Gomes Antonio Pascual-Leone 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):1-17
To successfully facilitate the treatment of problem gambling, change processes should be examined in order to identify those
variables that differentiate good versus poor treatment outcomes. The current study explored the change facilitating effects
of certain characteristics or conditions of an individual being treated: emotional support, instrumental support, emotional
awareness, GA involvement, and depressed affect. These conditions were hypothesized to be predictive of a change-oriented
mindset (i.e., “resources for change”) measured by abstinence self-efficacy, motivation for change, and readiness for change.
Participants were 60 outpatients (54.2% male; M age = 46.7 years) with problem gambling recruited from several treatment centres throughout Ontario, Canada. Results indicated
that: (1) depressed affect and emotional support seem to influence self-efficacy for abstinence, (2) emotional support alone
appears to influence motivation for change, and (3) GA involvement, depressed affect, and emotional awareness, together, seem
to influence readiness for change. These findings have implications for promoting change oriented dispositions in problem
gambling individuals. 相似文献
304.
The purpose of this paper is to verify the validity of a pessimistic view (Blanchard in The economics of transition in Eastern
Europe, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1997) on the role played by public finance in meeting and distributing the costs of transition from command to market economy.
In conclusion, we may say that, even though referring to the specific case of Albania, the model of the structural reform
index allows us to discuss alternative views on the nature and causes of the impact of the fiscal phenomena on the transition
process. The findings were confirmed, using the Bagnai method, by the real evolution of the Albanian economy, and by the valuations
of the World Bank and the IMF, both recognizing the importance of the fiscal factor. 相似文献
305.
This paper focuses on the introduction of a suitable method for the measurement of social capital in the context of rural development policies. We present an empirical application of the method to four case studies from the south of Italy. In order to overcome some limits affecting previous empirical research, we have grounded the measurement framework upon a clear decomposition of the concept of social capital characterizing three main dimensions: structural, relational and cognitive. This has allowed us to build five direct indicators for the core components of social capital created within the EU local agencies for rural development (the Local Action Groups). Moreover we have set a synthetic measure capturing the specific configuration of the internal social capital of the groups as a whole. 相似文献
306.
José Antonio Roldán Nofuentes Juan Dios Luna del Castillo Ana Eugenia Marín Jimenez 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》2010
In the presence of partial disease verification, the comparison of the accuracy of binary diagnostic tests cannot be carried out through the paired comparison of the diagnostic tests applying McNemar's test, since for a subsample of patients the disease status is unknown. In this study, we have deduced the maximum likelihood estimators for the sensitivities and specificities of multiple binary diagnostic tests and we have studied various joint hypothesis tests based on the chi-square distribution to compare simultaneously the accuracy of these binary diagnostic tests when for some patients in the sample the disease status is unknown. Simulation experiments were carried out to study the type I error and the power of each hypothesis test deduced. The results obtained were applied to the diagnosis of coronary stenosis. 相似文献
307.
308.
Juan Antonio Tarancón 《Cultural Studies》2013,27(4):442-468
Jason Reitman's Juno (2007), the story of how a teenager handles her pregnancy, is the kind of film that leaves no one indifferent. Released at a time of conflicting discourses on sexual education, Reitman's film addressed the confusion experienced by teenagers as they came of age in a context where patterns of masculine and feminine behaviour were rapidly changing. In this essay I argue that Juno offers a complex understanding of the disorientation suffered by adolescents during the 1990s – a time when anti-sex discourses coexisted with an increasingly sexualized youth culture. This said, my intention is to move towards the film in a roundabout way by focusing, first, on why so many, supposed ‘cultural criticisms’ of films turn out to be so superficial. In this introductory section, the argument will be made for an approach in film analyses that takes full account of cinema as a visual medium. After exposing my critical stance, I shall draw nearer to the film itself by examining various of the overlapping contexts that, together, created a conducive space for its success – namely, the political scene; changing attitudes towards sex and gender; and most importantly, cinema's aesthetic dimension and the impact of genre conventions in the film-viewing experience. Once the complex diagram of differing (and sometimes contradictory) forces at work in Juno has been mapped out, my aim is to link these conjunctures to a detailed analysis of a key scene in the film as a means of demonstrating how the combination of film studies and Cultural Studies can operate as a method that eschews too easy, ideologically oriented, assumptions. 相似文献
309.
Kimberly D. Hudson Valerie B. Shapiro Carrie Moylan Antonio Garcia Amelia S. Derr 《Journal of Social Work Education》2013,49(3):559-567
This article describes an effort to further infuse social justice education into doctoral programs in social welfare. It articulates the rationale and tactical approaches for aligning mission statements with the operational realities of university contexts. Within 1 school of social work, doctoral students with diverse orientations to social justice came together to articulate a vision for social justice education that expanded the educational contract between students and the institution by enhancing their respective opportunities and responsibilities in the areas of scholarship, teaching, and service. This article shares 30 learning objectives emergent from an incremental change process for enhancing social justice education at the doctoral level and reflects on the strengths and limitations of this approach to advancing social justice priorities. 相似文献
310.
Juan Antonio Becerra-García Ana García-León Vincent Egan 《Journal of child sexual abuse》2013,22(5):612-623
Little is known about the relationship between neuropsychological functioning and normal personality in sex offenders. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between personality traits and executive functioning in child molesters. The NEO-Five Factor Inventory was used to assess personality, and the Trail Making Test (parts A and B) was used to assess executive functioning in a sample of child molesters (n?=?33). We found the time required to complete Trail Making Test part A significantly predicted Extraversion scores, whereas the time to complete Trail Making Test part B significantly predicted Openness scores. Brief measures of executive functioning can thus predict the score in Extraversion and Openness in child molesters. These personality traits may be related to the functioning of brain areas implicated in having to complete the Trail Making Test. 相似文献