杜绝死刑冤假错案十论

近年来在我国司法实践中,有关死刑的冤假错案频频发生,这一现象引起了众多专家学者的关注和思考。针对目前司法实践中存在的问题,我们必须树立"以人为本"、"生命至上"的理念,在司法工作中切实贯彻落实科学发展观;切实做好入罪的甄别工作,防止以"假事实"掩盖"真事实"而按"假事实"对行为人定罪,严禁以所谓的高科技手段进行所谓的心理测试;坚定地执行"疑罪从无"的原则,赋予犯罪嫌疑人以沉默权;应当不断提高侦查讯问程序的透明度,强化对侦查讯问活动有效的内部监督和有力的外部监督,坚决排除刑讯所取得的嫌疑人供述,减少冤假错案发生的几率;切实推行错案追究和"行政问责"制度,对于酿成错案的有关人员给予严厉制裁,加大对司法腐败的惩治力度。     

东晋中期的两大文学集团

东晋中期的政坛中存在着两大势力群,即盘踞荆襄的桓温政治集团与代表司马王室的司马昱政治集团。桓温与司马昱都爱好文学,招纳才士,围绕他们形成了两大文学集团。两大文学集团之间既有对抗,也有交流,深刻地影响了东晋文坛的格局。它们改变了当时文人的生活,促进了各种文学活动的展开,更对玄言诗的发展起到了推波助澜的作用。     

Erfassung von Synergieeffekten von Projekten des Public Social Private Partnership (PSPP)

In this article performance measurements and synergy effects of Public Social Private Partnerships are estimated. After an overview on the literature on different definitions, subject and efficiency of Public Private Partnerships and especially of Public Social Private Partnerships, a methodical approach for measuring performance and synergies is developed. This approach is based on the concept of the Cobb/Douglas production function and it can be interpreted as the standardized Nash solution of cooperative games. The micro theoretical approach is analyzed with regard to its assumptions, implications and consequences and subsequently applied to the PSPP project initiated by the Bertelsmann Stiftung. The empirical analysis is based on a survey among the cooperation partners of the project Anschub.de, in which data on the resources and budgetary contributions of the cooperation partners were collected. By means of the budgetary contributions relative performance measurements and synergy effects respectively can be investigated for the partners.     

Work–family conflict: comparing the experiences of Turkish and native Belgian women

ABSTRACT

While research has focused on a number of dimensions of work–family conflict (WFC), hardly any literature exists that analyses how differences in family systems might help to explain variations in WFC experiences. By employing Reher’s typology of strong and weak family ties to integrate existing research and identify unaddressed features, this study finds that researchers have generally understudied the role of structural family ties on WFC. Qualitative data gathered from interviews with highly educated native Belgian and Turkish immigrant women living in Belgium are used to analyse variation in the WFC experiences and coping strategies of these two groups. The results suggest that a number of interconnected factors related to family systems – including internalisation of gender roles, division of family-related responsibilities, support mechanisms and external pressures from family and society, and socialisation processes of minority women in both family structures – are highly significant in explaining variations in women’s WFC experiences.     

Un/Free mobility: Roma migrants in the European Union

ABSTRACT

This special issue showcases work that theorises and critiques the political, economic, legal, and socio-historical (‘ethnic’ or ‘cultural’) subordination of the European Roma (so-called ‘Gypsies’), from the specific critical vantage point of Roma migrants living and working within and across the space of the European Union (EU). Enabled primarily through ethnographic research with diverse Roma communities across the heterogeneous geography of ‘Europe’, the contributions to this collection are likewise concerned with the larger politics of mobility as a constitutive feature of the sociopolitical formation of the EU. Foregrounding the experiences and perspectives of Roma living and working outside of their nation-states of ‘origin’ or ostensible citizenship, we seek to elucidate wider inequalities and hierarchies at stake in the ongoing (re-)racialisation of Roma migrants, in particular, and imposed upon migrants, generally. Thus, this special issue situates Roma mobility as a critical vantage point for migration studies in Europe. Furthermore, this volume shifts the focus conventionally directed at the academic objectification of ‘the Roma’ as such, and instead seeks to foreground and underscore questions about ‘Europe’, ‘European’-ness, and EU-ropean citizenship that come into sharper focus through the critical lens of Roma racialisation, marginalisation, securitisation, and criminalisation, and the dynamics of Roma mobility within and across the space of ‘Europe’. In this way, this collection contributes new research and expands critical interdisciplinary dialogue at the intersections of Romani studies, ethnic and racial studies, migration studies, political and urban geography, social anthropology, development studies, postcolonial studies, and European studies.     

Modelling oil and gas supply disruption risks using extreme-value theory and copula

In this paper, we are concerned with modelling oil and gas supply disruption risks using extreme-value theory and copula. We analyse financial and volumetric losses due to both oil and gas supply disruptions and investigate their dependence structure using real data. In order to illustrate the impact of crude oil and natural gas supply disruptions on an energy-dependent economy, Nigeria is considered as a case study. Computational studies illustrate that the generalized extreme-value distribution anticipates higher financial losses and extreme-value copulas produce the best fit for financial and volumetric losses compared with normal copulas. Moreover, multivariate financial losses exhibit stronger positive dependence than volumetric losses.     

A visual interactive approach to classical and mixed vehicle routing problems with backhauls

In this paper a new visual interactive approach for the classical vehicle routing problem with backhauls (VRPB) and its extensions is presented. The classical VRPB is the problem of designing minimum cost routes from a single depot to two type customers that are known as Backhaul (pickup) and Linehaul (delivery) customers where deliveries after pickups are not allowed. The mixed VRPB is an extension of the classical VRPB where deliveries after pickups are allowed.