庭审会话中的言语策略和权力控制--律师-证人庭审会话分析

在庭审特殊的语境下,参与会话的角色之间的权力分配是不均等的,法官的权力最高,其次是律师,其掌握着庭审会话的主动权,而证人只是被询问的一方,其权力极为有限,所拥有的言语权也最少。通过分析询问中律师一证人间的会话发现,律师借助封闭性问话、重复问话等言语策略对证人实施权力控制。同时,证人除在言语上对律师表示尊重外,也努力通过各种应答言词策略争取更多的主动权。两者之间对权力的控制主要表现在他们不同的言语策略上。     

房价上涨对我国人口出生率的影响——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

人口数量和结构是影响我国可持续发展的关键因素,住房是人民群众安居乐业的刚需。近年来,我国人口出生率持续下降。为了实现经济高质量发展,缓解人口危机是当前亟待解决的重要问题。为了探究房价上涨对于我国人口出生率的影响,利用31个省级行政区2010—2019年的面板数据和加权最小二乘法进行实证分析,结果表明：房价上涨对人口出生率产生显著的负向影响,住房价格平均上涨1%将导致人口出生率下降0.13%~0.22%;房价上涨对人口出生率的影响在东部省份以挤出效应为主、在中西部省份是以财富效应为主。当前,通过遏制住房投资投机性需求、给予“刚需”人群购房贷款优惠、适量增加东部省份土地供给等手段,可以助力解决我国当前的人口问题。     

逆全球化、进口中间品与中国制造业高质量发展——基于行业层面的实证研究

利用CEPII等数据库20062014年中国制造业和进口中间品面板数据,采用倾向匹配得分双重差分法(PSM-DID)从逆全球化视角实证分析了进口中间品质量对中国制造业质量的影响机制.研究结果表明:逆全球化对中国制造业质量产生显著的抑制效应,降低了高质量进口中间品对中国制造业质量的影响作用;通过行业对外开放和人力资本渠道,高质量进口中间品对中国制造业质量的影响作用明显减弱,研发对制造业质量具有显著促进作用,进口中间品规模、行业规模、人力资本数量则对制造业质量产生抑制作用,外商直接投资对制造业质量无显著影响.     

关系化用工:农业规模经营的社会基础

农业规模经营是中国乡村振兴进程中的关键议题。农业规模经营在快速发展的同时也呈现出用工效益的差异,从而使一些规模农业经营主体陷入困境。采用嵌入性视角探讨农业规模经营中用工模式嵌入社会关系的逻辑及其影响。研究发现,农业规模经营陷入困境的主要原因在于市场化用工无法有效解决农业规模经营中的劳动监督问题。而将市场规则嵌入关系规则的关系化用工使得雇佣双方产生了利他倾向,进而在很大程度上调动了工人内在的劳动积极性,从而使农业规模经营主体摆脱经营失败困境。关系化用工的实现依赖于农业规模经营主体在用工选择、生产管理和日常生活中充分发挥社会关系的积极作用,但社会关系范围和程度都是有限度的。因此,农业规模经营的健康发展不仅需要处理好经济关系,而且需要处理好社会关系。     

农业生产性服务业政策的效应评估与机制分析

将粮食主产区 163个地级市中部分地区先行实施农业生产性服务业政策视为一次准自然实验,采用双重差分法评估了农业生产性服务业政策对农业发展的因果效应、异质性以及影响机制。研究表明：农业生产性服务业政策既能有效促进农业发展也能优化调整地区产业结构,并通过了平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验以及因变量滞后一期的稳健性检验;政策效应异质性显著,山区强于非山区,农业规模较大地区强于小规模地区,政策效应伴随着农业发展水平提升而不断降低,表现出“益贫不益富”特点;政策主要通过发展生产托管、培育服务组织和引入现代化生产要素等机制释放政策红利,进而实现推动农业发展的目标。     

Going to Pieces: Paul Monette and the Fragments of the Tribe

Author of the highly acclaimed Borrowed Time: An AIDS Memoir (1988) and winner of the 1992 National Book Award for his autobiography Becoming a Man: Half a Life Story, Paul Monette died of complications from AIDS in Los Angeles on February 12, 1995. His most recent work, Last Watch of the Night: Essays Too Personal and Otherwise (1994), is his third volume in a trilogy of autobiographical writing on growing up gay, coming-out, and living with AIDS. A graduate of Phillips Academy and Yale University, Monette received a number of awards for his writing and his work as an outspoken voice in the battle against AIDS, including the National Book Award, three Lambda Literary awards, the PEN Center West Freedom to Write Award, and three honorary doctorate degrees, from Wesleyan University, the City University of New York, and the State University of New York at Oswego. A memorial service was held for Monette on Sunday, February 19, 1995, at the Directors Guild of America on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles. Paul Monette was 49.     

模糊规则插值法在约简模糊系统中的应用

本文讨论模糊规则插值法及其在简化模糊决策系统中的应用.在稀疏模糊规则库中,可以利用模糊规则插值法实现模糊推理.而利用模糊插值法进行模糊规则库的约简,则是在规则库中发现一些规则,它们能由其它规则通过插值机制近似表示,这些规则是冗余的规则,可以从规则中去除.     

Sensitivity of the Optimum to Perturbations of the Profit or Weight of an Item in the Binary Knapsack Problem

In the binary single constraint Knapsack Problem, denoted KP, we are given a knapsack of fixed capacity c and a set of n items. Each item j, j = 1,...,n, has an associated size or weight w_j and a profit p_j. The goal is to determine whether or not item j, j = 1,...,n, should be included in the knapsack. The objective is to maximize the total profit without exceeding the capacity c of the knapsack. In this paper, we study the sensitivity of the optimum of the KP to perturbations of either the profit or the weight of an item. We give approximate and exact interval limits for both cases (profit and weight) and propose several polynomial time algorithms able to reach these interval limits. The performance of the proposed algorithms are evaluated on a large number of problem instances.     

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Dual Career Couples als eine Variante von Work-Life-Integration

Dual Career Couples as a form of work-life-integrationThe author discusses the situation of dual career couples, when both are university graduates following an own career. Basing on a respective publication she delineates the current, mostly American research and reports on several German research projects, which endeavour to analyse the relation between gender and inequality in dual career couples.