加拿大环境保护法的变迁:1988—2008

加拿大环境保护法自1988年产生之后,随着社会环境的变化而不断更新,在正当的法律程序的指引之下,既重视法律文本的完善,又关注法律的实效,以此为借鉴,中国环境法在修改过程中,可以突出以下方面:一是进一步充实立法原则;二是建立环境保护责任制度;三是完善立法程序和立法技术.     

元代海南"黎兵万户府"始置年代考

元代在海南岛设立"黎兵万户府",作为全岛最高军事机构.但其始置年代,因<元史>及现存诸旧志皆无明确记载,以致众说纷纭或说元统二年(1334),或说至元三十年(1293),或说至元二十八年.现依据大量史实深入考证,认为其始置年代,应当在元世祖至元十五年之后、至元二十四年之前.     

李土司先世辨正

本文主要对土族李土司家谱中关于其先世为李晋王的传说加以考证,认为李土司家族传说的晋王即是曾五次出征河湟的西夏晋王察哥,李土司初祖赏哥为晋王察哥子孙,所任之职为西夏齐王遵顼大都督府,出镇鄯州,夏封鄯善王,后世遂误传为元代之事。     

“老字号”企业技术创新影响因素的实证分析

基于"老字号"企业的全国性问卷调查,分析了企业特征、市场状况、经营状况和社会资本对老字号企业技术创新的影响。发现一线城市的"老字号"经营状况较好,与外企竞争的"老字号"创新能力较强;"老字号"技术创新存在着明显的路径依赖;"老字号"重关系、轻技术和自我满足、缺乏创新的倾向值得关注。     

Distribution of the two‐sample t‐test statistic following blinded sample size re‐estimation

We consider the blinded sample size re‐estimation based on the simple one‐sample variance estimator at an interim analysis. We characterize the exact distribution of the standard two‐sample t‐test statistic at the final analysis. We describe a simulation algorithm for the evaluation of the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis at given treatment effect. We compare the blinded sample size re‐estimation method with two unblinded methods with respect to the empirical type I error, the empirical power, and the empirical distribution of the standard deviation estimator and final sample size. We characterize the type I error inflation across the range of standardized non‐inferiority margin for non‐inferiority trials, and derive the adjusted significance level to ensure type I error control for given sample size of the internal pilot study. We show that the adjusted significance level increases as the sample size of the internal pilot study increases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Intraday Serial Correlation,Volatility, and Jump: Evidence from China's Stock Market

In this article, we investigate the relationships among intraday serial correlation, jump-robust volatility, positive and negative jumps based on Shanghai composite index high frequency data. We implement variance ratio test to quantify intraday serial correlation. We also measure the continuous part of realized volatility using jump-robust MedRV estimator and disentangle positive and negative jumps using Realized Downside Risk Measure and Realized Upside Potential Measure proposed by Bi et al., (2013 Bi, T., Zhang, B., Wu, H. (2013). Measuring downside risk using high frequency data–realized downside risk measure. Communications in Statistics–Simulation and Computation 42(4):741–754.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). We find that intraday serial correlation are positively correlated with jump-robust volatility and negatively correlated with negative jumps which confirm the LeBaron effect.     

天津城市风貌塑造中的非物质要素传承

天津建卫六百年以来．社会文化的演变经历了数个重要过程．每个过程对天津城市风貌的塑造都起到了不同的作用。纵观这六百多年的城市建设历史不难发现．天津城市文化及核心价值观体现在如下几方面：     

湘西王村古街——石板串联起来的街道空间

湖南省湘西土家族自治州永顺县王村是一个具有两千多年历史的古镇,是国家级风景名胜区猛洞河景区的核心景区之一,是位于湖南省黄金旅游线路--张家界-凤凰线上的重要景点.     

跳出地产看地产——试论滨海新区房地产的宏观走势

滨海新区的开发开放正式纳入国家战略已有一年,在此前后,滨海新区的房地产开发热已持续近两年.静观这两年的事态变化,开发者已由最初的喧嚣、癫狂而趋于理性,置业者和投资者浮躁的功利心态也逐步冷却.显然,坊间追捧和媒体热炒的房地产开发"盛世"并未如期而至;一些先行者创造的个案营销神话,似乎也未再现,惟一的奇迹,就是滨海的房价一再拉高,已经与中心城区比肩.滨海新区的房地产到底出现了什么问题?原因何在?需要有一个客观的诊断和解答.     

Assessing the effects of land use and land cover patterns on thermal conditions using landscape metrics in city of Indianapolis,United States

Direct applications of remote sensing thermal infrared (TIR) data in landscape ecological research are rare due to limitations in the sensors, calibration, and difficulty in interpretation. Currently there is a general lack of methodology for examining the relationship between land surface temperatures (LST) derived from TIR data and landscape patterns extracted from optical sensors. A separation of landscapes into values directly related to their scale and signature is a key step. In this study, a Landsat ETM+ image of Indianapolis, Unites States, acquired on June 22, 2000, was spectrally unmixed (using spectral mixture analysis, SMA) into fraction endmembers of green vegetation, soil, high albedo, and low albedo. Impervious surface was then computed from the high and low albedo images. A hybrid classification procedure was developed to classify the fraction images into seven land use and land cover (LULC) classes. Using the fractional images, the landscape composition and pattern were examined. Next, pixel-based LST measurements were correlated with the landscape fractional components to investigate LULC based relationships between LST and impervious surface and green vegetation fractions. An examination of the relationship between the LULC and LST maps with landscape metrics was finally conducted to deepen understanding of their interactions. Results indicate that SMA-derived fraction images were effective for quantifying the urban morphology and for providing reliable measurements of biophysical variables. LST was found to be positively correlated with impervious surface fraction but negatively correlated with green vegetation fraction. Each temperature zone was associated with a dominant LULC category. Further research should be directed to the theoretical and applied implications of describing such relationships between LULC patterns and urban thermal conditions.