Parental Warmth and Developmental Change in Familism Values: Latinx Adolescents in an Emerging Immigrant Community

This study examined the developmental changes of familism values across adolescence among Latinx adolescents from an emerging immigrant community, and how changes in parental warmth were associated with changes in familism values. The sample included 547 Latinx adolescents. Multilevel model results indicated that familism values showed a linear decline from 6th to 10th grade. Between-person analyses showed that parental warmth was related to the higher initial levels of familism values but unrelated to changes in familism values. At the within-person level, on the occasions when adolescents report higher parental warmth, they also report higher familism values. This work highlights the importance of parental warmth for socializing developmental changes in Latinx adolescents' familism values in an emerging immigrant community context.     

Dehumanization and Islamophobia: attitudes towards the Syrian refugee crisis / Deshumanización e islamofobia: actitudes ante la crisis de los refugiados sirios

The dehumanization of certain outgroups is manifested in the deligitimization of the other and generates exclusion, especially in conditions perceived as potentially threatening. The purpose of this study is to analyse the perceptions of Syrian refugees and image of the Muslim population among young people between the ages of 15 and 18 (n = 205) and people over the age of 60 (n = 117). To do so, scales of dehumanization, modern racism and Islamophobia were applied and analysed according to certain variables such as age and degree of perceived religiosity. The results show that there are significant differences in terms of age in dehumanization, modern racism and Islamophobia, but the dehumanization of both Muslims and Syrian refugees seems to appear at all levels, with the perception of threat as a crucial factor. Religiosity also seems to be a significant variable in the study of racism and Islamophobia, although not in dehumanization. The psychosocial implications of these findings are discussed.     

New! Improved? The Transformation of the Global Agrifood System*

Abstract The last decade has witnessed a dramatic rise in global trade in food and agricultural products. While much analysis has focused on the role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in this process, we argue that other forms of regulation are of far greater consequence. In this paper, we examine changes in the agrifood system made possible by the WTO and we assess the rise of global private standards. We argue that the new global rules, regulations, and institutions implemented by the WTO have facilitated the ability of the private agrifood sector to consolidate and expand internationally. Of particular importance is the growing influence of food retailers as they rapidly become more global and oligopolistic. The article concludes that today it is the private sector, and retailers in particular, together with private standards that are at the center of the transformation of the global agrifood system.     

Migration Estimation Based on the Labour Force Survey: An EU‐15 Perspective

It can be observed in the research that the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU LFS) only allows a satisfactory estimation of the stocks of nonnationals or those born abroad in some countries, whereas it proves to be less than adequate in most of them with regard to migration flows. We believe that this very limited success is due to a twofold statistical problem of imprecision and bias, which is intensified by the embarrassing question of answer impossible. These difficulties exist among the Member States to a greater or lesser degree, depending on the characteristics of the migratory domain and the particular features that the EU LFS acquires in each country.     

Flexible modelling of neuron firing rates across different experimental conditions: an application to neural activity in the prefrontal cortex during a discrimination task

Summary.  In many electrophysiological experiments the main objectives include estimation of the firing rate of a single neuron, as well as a comparison of its temporal evolution across different experimental conditions. To accomplish these two goals, we propose a flexible approach based on the logistic generalized additive model including condition-by-time interactions. If an interaction of this type is detected in the model, we then establish that the use of the temporal odds ratio curves is very useful in discriminating between the conditions under which the firing probability is higher. Bootstrap techniques are used for testing for interactions and constructing pointwise confidence bands for the true odds ratio curves. Finally, we apply the new methodology to assessing relationships between neural response and decision-making in movement-selective neurons in the prefrontal cortex of behaving monkeys.     

Time preference and labour migration in an OLG model with land and capital

This paper constructs a two-country migration model in the lines of Galor (1986), in which the world population consists of individuals of two types who have different time preferences. Production uses three inputs: mobile labour, immobile capital and land. It is shown that both countries are necessarily inhabited by agents of both types and exhibit equal density of population and equal interest rate at the steady state equilibrium of the integrated economy. The steady state welfare implications of international labour migration are studied.This paper has been written during Philippe Michel's visit at CORE, September 1994. Earlier drafts of this paper have been presented at the meeting Journées d'étude générations imbriquées (Marseille, November 24–26, 1994), at the ESPE conference (Lisbon, June 1–3, 1995) and at the EEA annual meeting (Prag, September 1–3, 1995). Comments by participants are gratefully acknowledged. We are also grateful to Stéphane Déo, Kamhon Kan, Pierre Pestieau, Christoph Schmidt and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. The usual disclaimer applies.Responsible editor: Alessandro Cigno     

The Role of the Affect and Availability Heuristics in Risk Communication

Results of past research suggest that affect plays an important role in risk perception. Because affect may also increase the availability of risks, affect and availability are closely related concepts. Three studies tested the hypothesis that evoking negative affect (fear), either through past experience or through experimental manipulation, results in greater perceived risk. The present research focused on perception of flooding risk. Study 1 and Study 2 showed that participants who received risk information concerning a longer time period (e.g., 30 years) perceived more danger compared with participants who received risk information for one year. Study 2 showed that the interpretation of risk information was influenced by participants' own experiences with flooding. In Study 3, affect was experimentally manipulated. After looking at photographs depicting houses in a flooded region, participants perceived greater risk compared with participants in a control group. Taken together, the results of these three studies suggest that affect is important for successful risk communication. Results of the present research are in line with the affect heuristic proposed by Slovic and colleagues.     

Heterogeneity in Family Life Course Patterns and Intra-Cohort Wealth Disparities in Late Working Age

European Journal of Population - Considering soaring wealth inequalities in older age, this research addresses the relationship between family life courses and widening wealth differences between...