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81.
Although family firms are common around the world, studies on family‐controlled business are limited. Prior studies mainly focused on the influences of family ownership on overall firm performance, and the results were mixed. In this study we attempted to explore the impacts of family ownership on innovation by examining the association of family control and stock market reactions to innovation announcements. We found that firms with greater family control experienced significantly more negative stock market reactions to innovation announcements. The results further indicated that divergence of cash flow and voting rights was strongly and negatively correlated with announcement‐period abnormal returns. In addition, the findings suggested a significantly positive moderating effect of institutional ownership. The conclusions were robust under various measures of family control, and remained valid after controlling other influential factors for stock market reactions to innovation announcements. 相似文献
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83.
We study application of the Exponential Tilt Model (ETM) to compare survival distributions in two groups. The ETM assumes a parametric form for the density ratio of the two distributions. It accommodates a broad array of parametric models such as the log-normal and gamma models and can be sufficiently flexible to allow for crossing hazard and crossing survival functions. We develop a nonparametric likelihood approach to estimate ETM parameters in the presence of censoring and establish related asymptotic results. We compare the ETM to the Proportional Hazards Model (PHM) in simulation studies. When the proportional hazards assumption is not satisfied but the ETM assumption is, the ETM has better power for testing the hypothesis of no difference between the two groups. And, importantly, when the ETM relation is not satisfied but the PHM assumption is, the ETM can still have power reasonably close to that of the PHM. Application of the ETM is illustrated by a gastrointestinal tumor study. 相似文献
84.
k-POD: A Method for k-Means Clustering of Missing Data 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The k-means algorithm is often used in clustering applications but its usage requires a complete data matrix. Missing data, however, are common in many applications. Mainstream approaches to clustering missing data reduce the missing data problem to a complete data formulation through either deletion or imputation but these solutions may incur significant costs. Our k-POD method presents a simple extension of k-means clustering for missing data that works even when the missingness mechanism is unknown, when external information is unavailable, and when there is significant missingness in the data.[Received November 2014. Revised August 2015.] 相似文献
85.
分析宪政运行的成本结构,对于宪法实施、宪政评价和宪政社会的构建都有重要的时代意义。宪政运行成本就是宪政运行过程中所产生和付出的代价和费用,具有交易费用的性质。宪政运行的成本结构包括立宪成本、行宪成本、守宪成本和违完成本等。 相似文献
86.
基于加权群体AHP的企业资信评价方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文研究加权群体AHP方法及其在企件资信评价中的应用问题,建立了反映各专家或决策者优先权及各判断矩阵可信度的两种加权距离法,从主观和客观两方面切实有效地反映了各专家或决策者意见对最终评判结果的影响。企业资信评价是银行信贷风险管理的重要基础工作之一,各企业资信等级的正确评定取决于许多相关因素,需要各方面专家或决策者进行综合评判,合理的评判结果应反映各专家或决策者对各企业及信贷风险状况了解和认识的程度,同时应反映各专家或决策者对各企业评判所给出的判断矩阵的可信度,因此,本文建立以各专家或决策者优先权及各判断矩阵可信度为权系数的加权距离法,较好地解决了该问题。 相似文献
87.
Tim Stainton 《Disability & Society》2004,19(3):225-243
By the late fifteenth century, the debate over the role of reason and the constitution of the human subject freed public discourse from its reliance on God and placed the rational individual at the centre of social and political thought. The emphasis on rationality necessitated a parallel discourse on its opposite—‘reason’s Other'. In this period, representations of disabled people change in response to this new paradigm. Late medieval cultural documents, such as those of Brant and Bosch, employ folly as a metaphorical device, associated with the qualities of Everyman. However, with the rise of renaissance humanism, the benign metaphors of folly associated with the abstract everyman quickly become inscribed on the bodies of those people who would be constructed as reason's ‘Other’—people with intellectual and physical disabilities—and the abstract discourse of folly is transformed into a much more direct representational association of disability with depravity.
What a piece of work is man! how noble in reason! how infinite in faculty! … the paragon of animals! Hamlet II.ii 相似文献
88.
郝赤 《渤海大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,25(4):64-66
时下有关论证的说法很多 ,有过程论 ,层次论 ,方法论 ,结构论等 ,本文认为论证是技巧 ,是“统合技巧”。它统合了诸如句法、词法、语法、修辞法、逻辑法、章法等方法 ,构成篇章修辞方法 ,完成一篇议论文的表达。 相似文献
89.
90.
将复杂网络理论最小生成树(MST)算法和滑窗分析相结合,在2008年全球金融危机和2015年中国股市震荡的背景下,以2003年至2017年的上证A股收益率数据作为实证样本,构建股票市场动态关联网络,并从网络节点移除和连边变化两个角度出发,对其在不同时期的动态演化特征和市场稳健性质进行探讨。研究结果表明:网络结构整体上在金融危机之前和之后较为松散,而在金融危机和股市震荡期间则变得非常紧凑,节点的度分布和影响强度分布更加聚集。这意味着在金融危机和股市震荡期间,系统重要性公司的影响力持续增强,其股价的变化对其它公司将产生更为显著的影响;不同类型的事件对股市网络连通性和稳健性的影响程度不同,区域性事件(股市震荡)比全球性事件(金融危机)对市场的冲击更大;短期来看,金融危机和股市震荡对网络连边的稳健性并没有造成太大的冲击,整个研究时段网络的存活比率都维持在较高的水平。但随着步长的增加,网络的存活比率急剧下降,这意味着股市网络相关结构的长期稳健性是减弱的。 相似文献