The increasing happiness of US parents

Previous research suggests that parents may be less happy than non-parents. We critically assess the literature and examine parents’ and non-parents’ happiness-trends using the General Social Survey (N = 42,298) and DDB Lifestyle Survey (N = 75,237). We find that parents are becoming happier over time relative to non-parents, that non-parents’ happiness is declining absolutely, and that estimates of the parental happiness gap are sensitive to the time-period analyzed. These results are consistent across two datasets, most subgroups, and various specifications. Finally, we present evidence that suggests children appear to protect parents against social and economic forces that may be reducing happiness among non-parents.     

北京人口和产业政策的经济影响分析——利用扩展的投入产出模型

本文分析北京控制人口增长和产业政策引发的经济影响,通过延伸的北京投入产出模型计算最终需求(产出、收入、税收和GDP)乘数和产出驱动(产出、收入、税收和GDP)乘数,测算北京人口控制和产业疏解引发的经济影响和土地开发限制引发的经济影响。分析结果显示,无论是人口控制、产业疏解,还是土地开发限制,对北京的经济影响都是相当显著的,计算的主要经济指标(分行业的产出、收入、税收和GDP)的绝对值和增长率都表明了这个结论。因此,北京在控制人口和疏解产业的同时,需要采取相应的措施来消除控制城市增长的人口和产业政策带来的税收、收入等负面影响。     

存现句There的语义格定位

There-be存现结构深层次的语言特点一直吸引着英语语言学家作深入的研究。近年来,There-be仔现句得到汉语语言学家越来越多的关注。传统的分析认为,there对句子没有任何贡献,许多语言学家把there称为“虚义”(exp letive)成分。虚词there的研究伴随着生成语法理论的发展,不少重要的理论假设都直接涉及there的研究。围绕there解释的各种理论催生了许多新的理论假说。对there进行准确定位有助于正确认识存现句结构的本质,化简某些理论构建的复杂性。     

一个极端的斯拉法主义者——萨缪尔森对劳动价值论批判的反批判

萨缪尔森是西方后凯恩斯主义主流经济学的头面人物,在世界范围的经济学界,他不仅以新古典综合理论而著称,他更以疯狂攻击和诬蔑马克思劳动价值论及其转形问题而扬名。在萨缪尔森发表的几篇攻击马克思劳动价值论和转形问题的文章中,1971年发表的《理解马克思的剥削概念:马克思的价值与竞争价格间所谓转化问题的概述》一文应该说具有一定的代表性。本文试图通过对该文的分析向世人说明,被西方资产阶级经济学界吹捧为学术大师的萨缪尔森,在价值理论上他不仅对马克思主义经济学常识一窍不通,甚至对普通的代数学知识也一无所知,是一个极端的斯拉法主义者。     

制度文明建设思想对我国和谐社会建设的意义

“]国家是文明社会的概括”,强调国家建设的文明属性,其意义在于强调文明是人类社会要达到的有秩序、公平合理的高级发展阶段。以制度建设为核心,以体制建设为保障的制度文明建设思想对于我国和谐社会的建设具有重要的指导意义。     

“一带一路”视阈下巴基斯坦向海湾地区劳务输出的影响与趋势

海湾地区是巴基斯坦最重要的海外劳务输出目的地,这是由特殊的地缘因素与经济互补性所决定的。海湾劳工给巴基斯坦经济社会提供了发展助力,也折射出巴经济社会存在的结构性问题。“一带一路”建设的推进,尤其是“中巴经济走廊”的实施为巴基斯坦提供了造血能力,将有助于巴基斯坦经济成功转型,增加就业机会,提高自身吸纳劳动力的能力,减少向海湾的劳务输出。     

An elastic-net penalized expectile regression with applications

To perform variable selection in expectile regression, we introduce the elastic-net penalty into expectile regression and propose an elastic-net penalized expectile regression (ER-EN) model. We then adopt the semismooth Newton coordinate descent (SNCD) algorithm to solve the proposed ER-EN model in high-dimensional settings. The advantages of ER-EN model are illustrated via extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The numerical results show that the ER-EN model outperforms the elastic-net penalized least squares regression (LSR-EN), the elastic-net penalized Huber regression (HR-EN), the elastic-net penalized quantile regression (QR-EN) and conventional expectile regression (ER) in terms of variable selection and predictive ability, especially for asymmetric distributions. We also apply the ER-EN model to two real-world applications: relative location of CT slices on the axial axis and metabolism of tacrolimus (Tac) drug. Empirical results also demonstrate the superiority of the ER-EN model.     

Entrepreneurial Motivations and Capabilities of Migrant Entrepreneurs in Australia

This article presents findings on immigrant entrepreneurship in Australia. The relationship between the entrepreneurial start‐up motivation, co‐ethnic preferences and entrepreneurial capabilities of established immigrant businesses are explored. We analyse data collected with a self‐administered survey questionnaire from 157 immigrant entrepreneurs in Melbourne's suburbs. Our findings show that immigrant entrepreneurs who report a high level of individual achievement as their start‐up motivation also report high levels of entrepreneurial capabilities in terms of opportunity recognition, managerial innovativeness and proactiveness. Immigrant entrepreneurs who are highly influenced by co‐ethnic preferences on staff employment and customer targeting report higher opportunity recognition than those who have a co‐ethnic preference on suppliers. We provide important insights and explanations for these findings and their implications for Australian immigrant entrepreneurs and policymakers.     

Public relations and artificial intelligence: It’s not (just) about robots

Organizations of all kinds, as well as their in-house or agency public relations teams, increasingly co-opt Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance their capabilities. This paper examines a relatively new topic that has received little scholarly attention: the growing relationship between AI and public relations. It outlines several key roles that AI may play in future, based on trends in other industries, and considers the implications for public relations practitioners, their clients and employers. It therefore launches a dialogue about the diversity and extent of AI’s uses in public relations practice. The paper argues that, to date, commentators have placed too much emphasis on AI’s potential for task automation; AI’s broader technological, economic and societal implications for public relations warrant greater critical attention. This does not imply that practitioners need become expert technologists; rather, they should develop a sufficient understanding of AI’s present and potential uses to be able to offer informed counsel.