“Knowing Your Status and Knowing Your Partner’s Status Is Really Where It Starts”: A Qualitative Exploration of the Process by Which a Sexual Partner’s HIV Status Can Influence Sexual Decision Making

Gay and bisexual men are at disproportionate risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. While prevention efforts often emphasize consistent condom use, there is growing evidence that men are using seroadaptive safer-sex strategies, such as serosorting and seropositioning. This qualitative analysis of 204 HIV-negative and HIV-positive gay and bisexual men explored the ways that a sexual partner’s HIV status can influence safer-sex strategies and sexual decisions. The majority of the respondents reported that they were influenced by their partners’ HIV status. Those respondents who reported no influence discussed adhering to safer-sex rules that were not dependent on partner status and a lack of concern about HIV. Conversely, respondents who reported influence identified three primary areas of influence: psychological impacts, partner preference and selection, and specific behavioral intentions and strategies. A conceptual model explicating a potential process by which respondents use partner serostatus information in shaping sexual decisions is presented.     

The Birth of Modern Criminology and Gendered Constructions of Homosexual Criminal Identity

There is a dearth of engagement with LGBTQ populations, and sexual orientation and gender identity more broadly, in the field of criminology. This article analyzes the treatment of sexual orientation and gender identity at the birth of the discipline around the 1870s. Through an analysis of Cesare Lombroso’s writings, the article argues that a multifaceted stigma of deviance attached to homosexuality and gender nonconformity in early criminological theory. The article explains this multifaceted stigma in terms of broader political, social, cultural, and legal developments before and during the late nineteenth century that shaped modern Western conceptions of sexual orientation and gender identity.     

乡村地理学：界限的模糊与跨学科联系的构建

近年来,一系列反映乡村地理学本质属性、历史沿革与案例实践的评论和文章相继发表。在人们普遍认为乡村地理学经历了复兴阶段之后,一种内省的氛围出现了,但它同时也提出了对乡村地理学的不均衡发展以及这一学科分支是否已准备就绪迎接新挑战的关切。本文是关于乡村地理学的三份进展报告中的第一篇,焦最集中在尝试重新思考乡村地理学的边界及其与其他研究领域的关系。第一,剖析了重新兴起的关于乡村的定义和定界的讨论,包括乡村的再物质化。第二,考虑重振城乡关系方面的研究,包括城市地区、城市远郊化和再城市性等概念。第三,讨论乡村地理学家建立密切的跨学科联系．包括与物理学和自然科学领域的专家展开合作。