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91.
Generalized method of moments (GMM) has been an important innovation in econometrics. Its usefulness has motivated a search for good inference procedures based on GMM. This article presents a novel method of bootstrapping for GMM based on resampling from the empirical likelihood distribution that imposes the moment restrictions. We show that this approach yields a large-sample improvement and is efficient, and give examples. We also discuss the development of GMM and other recent work on improved inference. 相似文献
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While the average gender gap in pensions is quite well documented, gender differences in the distribution of pensions have rarely been explored. We show in this paper that pension dispersion is very similar for men and women within the French pension system of a given sector (public or private). Gender differences are less marked among retired civil servants than among former private sector employees. However, the determinants of these inequalities are not the same for men and women. Using a regression-based decomposition of the Gini coefficient, we find that pension dispersion is mostly due to dispersion of the reference wage for all retirees but gender differences exist. For women, in particular, pension dispersion is also due to the dispersion in contribution periods. We also decompose the Gini coefficient by source of pension to measure the impact of institutional rules (minimum pensions, survivor’s pension) on the extent of pension inequality. Unexpectedly, we find that the impact of minimum pensions is limited, although slightly larger for civil servants than for private-sector employees. Survivor’s pension schemes, on the other hand, contribute positively to pension dispersion among retired women. 相似文献
94.
ABSTRACT: The works related to the disequilibrium theory often show that situations of classical unemployment and of Keynesian unemployment coexist on a long-term basis. The following study deals with a theoretical model of mixed unemployment reflecting this coexistence. In this model, prices are assumed to be flexible upward, but not downward. Hence, classical unemployment leads to inflation, without quantitative rationing on demand, which is closer to reality. The study analyses the asymmetric relations between the classical and the Keynesian sectors as well as the resulting implications for economic policy. What comes out is that differentiated policies always have a stronger impact than aggregate policies. The highest level of efficiency is obtained by stimulating the supply of firms set in the classical situation, provided that one acts on the non-wage determinants of supply in order not to further depress the outlets for firms set in the Keynesian situation. 相似文献
95.
This article considers, in the context of the fixed-population constant-sum comparison of income distributions, a number of
intransitive binary relations smaller than Lorenz dominance. We determine their transitive closure, and we study how they
relate to each other and to other relations that have appeared in the literature. Among other results, we provide alternative
characterizations of Lorenz dominance. 相似文献
96.
Royce A. Francis Srinivas Reddy Geedipally Seth D. Guikema Soma Sekhar Dhavala Dominique Lord Sarah LaRocca 《Risk analysis》2012,32(1):167-183
Count data are pervasive in many areas of risk analysis; deaths, adverse health outcomes, infrastructure system failures, and traffic accidents are all recorded as count events, for example. Risk analysts often wish to estimate the probability distribution for the number of discrete events as part of doing a risk assessment. Traditional count data regression models of the type often used in risk assessment for this problem suffer from limitations due to the assumed variance structure. A more flexible model based on the Conway‐Maxwell Poisson (COM‐Poisson) distribution was recently proposed, a model that has the potential to overcome the limitations of the traditional model. However, the statistical performance of this new model has not yet been fully characterized. This article assesses the performance of a maximum likelihood estimation method for fitting the COM‐Poisson generalized linear model (GLM). The objectives of this article are to (1) characterize the parameter estimation accuracy of the MLE implementation of the COM‐Poisson GLM, and (2) estimate the prediction accuracy of the COM‐Poisson GLM using simulated data sets. The results of the study indicate that the COM‐Poisson GLM is flexible enough to model under‐, equi‐, and overdispersed data sets with different sample mean values. The results also show that the COM‐Poisson GLM yields accurate parameter estimates. The COM‐Poisson GLM provides a promising and flexible approach for performing count data regression. 相似文献
97.
Condorcet efficiencies under the maximal culture condition 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
The Condorcet winner in an election is a candidate that could defeat each other candidate in a series of pairwise majority
rule elections. The Condorcet efficiency of a voting rule is the conditional probability that the voting rule will elect the
Condorcet winner, given that such a winner exists. The study considers the Condorcet efficiency of basic voting rules under
various assumptions about how voter preference rankings are obtained. Particular attention is given to situations in which
the maximal culture condition is used as a basis for obtaining voter preferences.
Received: 4 February 1998/Accepted: 13 April 1998 相似文献
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Dominique Haughton 《The American statistician》2013,67(2):194-205
We review five packages for estimating finite mixtures, BINOMIX, C.A. MAN, MIX, and the maximum likelihood routines of BMDP and STATA. The focus of the review is on numerical issues rather than matters such as user interface because the success or failure of an algorithm to yield a mixture model is likely to be the most important issue facing a researcher. The problem of suitable initial values is discussed throughout. 相似文献