凝固型大米风味酸奶的研制

用大米蛋白或大米蛋白水解物部分替代牛乳粉生产大米风味酸奶,以谷糠乳杆菌和乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种为发酵菌种,以酸度和感官为评价指标,通过大米蛋白及其水解物添加量、大米蛋白水解度、乳糖补加及蔗糖添加研究对大米风味酸奶酸度和感官的影响。结果表明,大米风味酸奶的酸度和感官评分随大米蛋白添加量的增加而降低。产品酸度随大米蛋白水解度增加而增大,大米蛋白水解度为7.5%时感官得分最高;产品酸度和感官评分随大米水解物添加量增加而降低,大米蛋白水解物添加量在40%以下时,均可生产出合格的大米风味酸奶。补加乳糖对产品酸度和感官无显著影响。添加蔗糖对产品酸度无显著影响,但对产品感官影响显著,蔗糖添加量在4~6%时,大米风味酸奶的感官得分最高,表现为色泽均匀,质地较细腻,未见乳清析出,凝乳稳定,口感较细腻柔滑,酸甜度适中,米香风味浓郁。     

A qualitative case study of a Korean former addict’s existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation

This study explored the case of a former addict, focusing on his existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation process. This study began from the question of whether philosophical processes related to existential self‐interpretation could lead to the formation of the concept of bottoming out and of identity transformation. To answer this question, the study analyzed the case of a male in his mid‐forties who was addicted to drugs for approximately 30 years and has only recently maintained abstinence. The study used the phenomenological approach to determine the meaning drugs held for him in each stage, and what drug‐related identity he had in each stage. Further, this study identified the integrative implications of these meanings in terms of existential self‐interpretation and identity transformation. The four different identities the man identified for the four stages of his life were juvenile delinquent, gang member, half‐gangster, and breadwinner, and the associated meanings drugs had for him during each period were “glue,” “filthy,” “leeches,” and “abstinence,” respectively. Finally, this study elucidated the integration of these meanings through the hermeneutic circle, identified the social welfare implications of the findings, and developed educational recommendations.     

Social investment effects of public education,health care,and welfare service expenditures on economic growth

The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically examine whether public spending in education, health care, and welfare service operates as a fruitful investment in welfare states, which has been implied in the literature of social investment arguments. Based on comprehensive review of existing literature, this study suggested a tripartite mechanism of social investment effect of such spending, that is “enhancement of human capital,” “support for labor force participation,” and “job creation.” To find the empirical evidence, a pooled time‐series cross‐section analysis was conducted with the data of 15 advanced welfare states from 1980 to 2015 using estimation technique of fixed‐effect model. The results confirmed that public spending in education, health care, and welfare service had a positive medium‐term as well as long‐term effect on economic performance, while cash‐type welfare spending had an obscure or no visible effect on economy. Government consumption that is a proxy and control variable of size of the welfare state showed a positive effect on real GDP in the medium term but a negative effect in the long run. In conclusion, this study suggests that reinforcing social services should be recognized and dealt with as essence of social investment strategy.     

我国构建数字经济税收法律制度的现时难题和优化路径

传统税收法律制度在对数字经济企业实施税收征管时存在征管依据缺失、征管技术落后等不足,进而诱发税基侵蚀和利润转移问题,导致无法对数字经济进行充分有效的征管。各国对数字经济的利益诉求不同,使得在国际层面具备广泛共识的数字税方案难以达成。从国内层面来看,我国对于数字经济的税收征管仍旧依靠传统税收模式进行,并未将数字税作为独立税种在法律上予以确认。这种税收模式在数字经济持续发展的当下已经无法满足数字经济税收征管的现实需要。对于当前中国构建数字经济税收法律制度的路径,可以通过升级数字税收监管技术、发挥数字经济平台的监管作用和加强国际税收合作等手段进行优化,并积极参与和推进具有广泛共识的国际数字税收法律规则的制订。     

Noninformative priors for the between-group variance in the unbalanced one-way random effects model with heterogeneous error variances

For the unbalanced one-way random effects model with heterogeneous error variances, we propose the non-informative priors for the between-group variance and develop the first- and second-order matching priors. It turns out that the second-order matching priors do not exist and the reference prior and Jeffreys prior do not satisfy a first-order matching criterion. We also show that the first-order matching prior meets the frequentist target coverage probabilities much better than the Jeffreys prior and reference prior through simulation study, and the Bayesian credible intervals based on the matching prior and reference prior give shorter intervals than the existing confidence intervals by examples.     

A misspecification test for the higher order co-moments of the factor model

The traditional estimation of higher order co-moments of non-normal random variables by the sample analog of the expectation faces a curse of dimensionality, as the number of parameters increases steeply when the dimension increases. Imposing a factor structure on the process solves this problem; however, it leads to the challenging task of selecting an appropriate factor model. This paper contributes by proposing a test that exploits the following feature: when the factor model is correctly specified, the higher order co-moments of the unexplained return variation are sparse. It recommends a general to specific approach for selecting the factor model by choosing the most parsimonious specification for which the sparsity assumption is satisfied. This approach uses a Wald or Gumbel test statistic for testing the joint statistical significance of the co-moments that are zero when the factor model is correctly specified. The asymptotic distribution of the test is derived. An extensive simulation study confirms the good finite sample properties of the approach. This paper illustrates the practical usefulness of factor selection on daily returns of random subsets of S&P 100 constituents.     

A phenomenological case study on immigrant workers' gambling addiction in Korea

This study explores the experiences that have led some of Korea's immigrant workers into gambling addiction and examines possible social welfare services that could support treatment. Immigrant workers' gambling experience as aliens in Korea was analyzed through the methodology of a phenomenological case study. The participants, who voluntarily consented to the study, were five immigrant workers addicted to gambling. Data were collected through one‐on‐one, in‐depth interviews over 6 months, starting in July 2018. The essential themes that emerged in the interviews were “changing strategies for survival,” “forgetting oneself without any sense of responsibility or shame,” “gambling as routine daily life,” “obsession with making a fortune in one go,” and “no home to return to.” Based on its results, this study makes suggestions for the prevention of gambling addiction in immigrant workers. Further, future research needs to be broadened to analyze nationwide cases of immigrant workers with more diverse demographic backgrounds.     

机械基础创新实验教学体系研究

机械基础系列课程在培养机械类专业学生工程实践能力和创新设计能力等方面起着十分重要的作用.文章讨论了机械基础创新实验教学体系的基本内容:创新实验教学思想观念、创新实验教学目标、创新实验教学内容、创新实验教学方法与手段、创新实验教学评价和创新实验教学管理等六个方面.旨在创建以创新实验教学思想为指导,以机械分析与综合为基础,以机构运动方案设计为主线,以提高机械类学生的分析能力、综合能力和创新设计能力为目标的实验教学新体系.     

赛姆勒先生:一个康德主义者

赛姆勒先生是美国小说家和1976年诺贝尔文学奖得主索尔·贝娄的代表性小说《赛姆勒先生的行星》的主人公。借助康德伦理学对贝娄的小说《赛姆勒先生的行星》进行解读,从赛姆勒先生的非公利的善的意志和赛姆勒先生的责任感两个方面进行分析,认为赛姆勒先生是一个康德主义者。     

中国英语——世界英语中不可或缺的一部分

探讨了中国英语与洋泾浜英语、中式英语的区别,分析了中国英语的特征及存在的客观原因、可能性,中国英语在翻译中的现实意义。论述了中国英语对英语的影响及其中国英语的前景。