Relational Management Mechanisms for Strategic Alliances Among Nonprofit Organizations

This study employs a qualitative multiple-case study to explore relational management mechanisms for strategic nonprofit alliances (NPAs) formed by at least 3 nonprofit organizations by examining collaborative relationships among farmers associations in Taiwan. We explore these mechanisms by analyzing case data from four strategic cooperation characteristics, which can best explain NPAs. To effectively sustain partnerships, our findings suggest that an NPA applies acceptable collaborative rules and regulations, common standard procedures, symmetric information and communication, and capability building and corrective measures when cooperation involves high input commonality. The results also suggest empowerment for partners with deeper input commitment to direct decisions on resource distribution and utilization when collaborative ties involve low input measurability. Regarding high output commonality, we advise NPAs to enforce common output quality control, efficient substandard-output treatment, and external incentives as mechanisms to encourage partners for continued commitment. If relationships involve low output measurability, our findings suggest that NPAs heighten partners’ voluntary motivation for the common good, with goal-achievement assessment measures, professional certification by external experts, and acceptable and reasonable benefit-sharing methods     

Strong convergence rates of probabilistic integrators for ordinary differential equations

Probabilistic integration of a continuous dynamical system is a way of systematically introducing discretisation error, at scales no larger than errors introduced by standard numerical discretisation, in order to enable thorough exploration of possible responses of the system to inputs. It is thus a potentially useful approach in a number of applications such as forward uncertainty quantification, inverse problems, and data assimilation. We extend the convergence analysis of probabilistic integrators for deterministic ordinary differential equations, as proposed by Conrad et al. (Stat Comput 27(4):1065–1082, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11222-016-9671-0), to establish mean-square convergence in the uniform norm on discrete- or continuous-time solutions under relaxed regularity assumptions on the driving vector fields and their induced flows. Specifically, we show that randomised high-order integrators for globally Lipschitz flows and randomised Euler integrators for dissipative vector fields with polynomially bounded local Lipschitz constants all have the same mean-square convergence rate as their deterministic counterparts, provided that the variance of the integration noise is not of higher order than the corresponding deterministic integrator. These and similar results are proven for probabilistic integrators where the random perturbations may be state-dependent, non-Gaussian, or non-centred random variables.

     

一个关于宏观经济增长质量的一般理论——基于微观产品质量的解释

现有的经济增长质量理论主要是结构调整的宏观思路,其在理论上的局限性是忽视了支撑经济增长质量的微观基础。宏观经济增长质量是经济中具体的微观产品(一二三产业中具体产品和服务)质量的加总,因此必须以微观产品质量为基础构建经济增长质量的一般理论。以微观产品质量为基础的经济增长质量一般理论,在定义、动力机制以及政策含义上与现有理论有显著差异。微观产品质量促进宏观经济增长质量的理论假设,可以在区域层面得到初步的检验。政策建议是宏观经济增长质量的提高必须以微观的产品质量为核心。     

城市停车换乘系统泊位容量的确定方法研究

城市中心区域交通拥挤，车辆行驶速度低，空气污染严重是许多城市共同面临的问题，因此，在城市外围或城市中心区边缘地带设置停车换乘设施截留部分进入城市中心区域的车流已成为交通工作者解决城市中心区交通问题的一个重要手段之一。采用双层规划模型描述了确定城市外围停车换乘系统的停车泊位容量问题，同时设计了该模型的求解算法，并给出了一个简单算例，算例的结果证明了该模型的有效性。     

胡尖山地区长 6、长 4+5 储层有利区预测

摘要：以胡尖山油田长 6、长 4+5 油藏为例，综合应用地质资料、岩芯分析资料、测井资料以及试油资料，开展了长 6和长 4+5 油藏小层划分和对比、单井相分析，建立测井相识别模式，编制小层沉积相平面展布图，进而分析沉积相演化规律；探讨储层砂体展布以及物性分布规律，从而深入认识研究区的储层特征。在此基础上对储层进行流动单元的划分，然后结合试油资料对胡尖山油田长 6、长 4+5 油藏的储层进行有利区域的预测，为油田待开发区域的合理建产开发提供了理论指导     

视觉艺术大师纳博科夫

纳博科夫是一位视觉艺术大师,这是理解其小说创作的关键.纳博科夫反复声明自己天生是画家,具有特殊的听音辨色的“色彩听觉”天赋,其作品运用文字呈现出五光十色的艳丽色彩.纳博科夫对古往今来欧美列国的画家画作了然于心,其创作过程即如作画般在纸张的画布上挥毫泼墨,实践着“诗如画”的书写传统.除了斑斓的五彩世界与绘画般的文字书写,纳博科夫的小说还大量借鉴了电影叙事技巧.在文字与视觉艺术之间,纳博科夫自觉且自如地进行着空间书写.     

《局外人》所塑造的现世西西弗

加缪的《局外人》塑造了一个现世荒诞英雄的形象，主人公莫尔索是个活在现代的西西弗，他冷眼观望人类和世界之间不可调和的分裂现实，用一种冷漠的外表坚持把有限的生命活到最多。面对注定没有意义的人生，唯一的出路是与荒诞同行，直至生命的最后一刻，这就是荒诞人的反抗。     

Understanding the Kuznets Process—An Empirical Investigation of Income Inequality in China: 1978–2011

The constrict claim that ethnic heterogeneity drives down social trust has been empirically tested across the globe. Meta-analyses suggest that neighbourhood ethnic heterogeneity generally undermines ties within the neighbourhood (such as trust in neighbours), but concurrently has an inconsistent or even positive effect on interethnic ties (such as outgroup trust). While the composition of the living environment thus often seems to matter, when and where remain unclear. We contribute to the literature by: (1) scrutinizing the extent to which ethnic heterogeneity drives down trust in coethnic neighbours, non-coethnic neighbours, unknown neighbours and unknown non-neighbours similarly; (2) comparing effects of heterogeneity aggregated to geographical areas that vary in scale and type of boundary; and (3) assessing whether the impact of heterogeneity of the local area depends on the wider geographic context. We test our hypotheses on the Religion in Dutch Society 2011–2012 dataset, supplemented with uniquely detailed GIS-data of Statistics Netherlands. Our dependent variables are four different so-called wallet-items, which we model through spatial and multilevel regression techniques. We demonstrate that both trust in non-coethnic and coethnic neighbours are lower in heterogeneous environments. Trust in people outside the neighbourhood is not affected by local heterogeneity. Measures of heterogeneity aggregated to relatively large scales, such as, administrative municipalities and egohoods with a 4000 m radius, demonstrate the strongest negative relationships with our trust indicators.     

《左传》杜注“某犹某也”类释

古注的训释很大一部分是文意训释。《左传》杜注中有数十条"某犹某也"的训释,训释词和被训释词之间的关系可分义通和义隔两大类,前者指义同或义近,但又同中有异,后者表面相隔,实际相通,异中有同。两类中又各自涵括多种不同的情况,需要具体分析。