The Tyranny of the Customer and the Cost of Consumerism: An Analysis Using Systems and Psychoanalytic Approaches to Groups and Society

This paper argues that an organizationaldiscourse on consumerism is replacing a prior discourseof dependency. This discourse encourages, and isencouraged by, economic rationales for behavior and ismarked by the collapse of many complex societal rolesinto the simpler category of customer.Moreover, practices emergent from consumerism andeconomic rationalism often act as organizational andsocial defences against anxieties about theuncertainties and changes occurring in a worldincreasingly dominated by global markets where thecustomer is sovereign. Six workinghypotheses are proposed to explain the operation of these new socialdefences. Evidence in support of these hypotheses comesfrom collaborative action research projects in which theauthor is involved. The argument moves toward a consideration of the new consumerprovider pair which, it is proposed, has becomea major signifier within the consumer discourse andwhich might be considered as a transitional pair indealing with widespread organizationalchange.     

Alcohol and substance use disorders as predictors of child to adult sexual revictimization in a sample of community women

Alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses were examined as factors in child to adult sexual revictimization. Three hundred community women completed interviews and self-report instruments to obtain information regarding victimization and to diagnose substance use disorders (alcohol and substance abuse/dependence). Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors were more likely than nonvictims to meet criteria for both substance use disorders and to report rape (e.g., unwanted intercourse due to threat or use of force, or due to the inability to consent due to the respondent's alcohol or drug use) and coerced intercourse (e.g., unwanted intercourse due to verbal coercion or misuse of authority by the perpetrator) by acquaintances, strangers, and husbands. In general, both CSA and substance use disorders were predictive of adult sexual victimization, but there were no significant interactions between these factors. Overall, substance use disorders were related to rape for all women; this relationship was not unique to CSA survivors. Alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses predicted rape by all three types of perpetrators, but CSA was predictive of rape only by acquaintances and strangers and not husbands. In contrast, CSA predicted coerced intercourse by all three perpetrators, while alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses predicted coerced intercourse by acquaintances and strangers, but not husbands. Results highlight the need to continue the study of revictimization of CSA survivors, including examination of both rape and sexually coercive experiences by different types of perpetrators. Findings support continued research of substance use disorders as risk factors for sexual victimization among all women.     

印度诗学阐释方法

印度诗学阐释方法和印度诗学一样充满异质性,很具研究价值."神谕天启"和"析例相随"是其两大基本形式.二者互相作用,形成了印度诗学阐释方法的"尊神重析"的风格特征.印度诗学阐释方法,是在特定的历史文化环境中生成和发展的,它的旺盛的生命力向人们昭示其生成和发展充满必然性和合理性.     

论“以德治国”方略的实施和民族精神的塑造

江泽民同志提出的"以德治国"思想第一次把道德建设提到了治国基本方略的高度上来,将有力地推动我国的精神文明建设.我国正在建设社会主义市场经济,市场经济使人们的道德观念发生了积极的变化,同时也带来了诸多的负面影响.因此,为了加强社会主义精神文明建设,振奋民族精神,提出"以德治国"方略具有现实意义.     

监督媒体:对新闻媒介"舆论监督"的另一极

新闻媒体担当着监测社会环境的"守门人"功能,是民主化社会正常运行的基本保障,倘若新闻媒体出现腐败变质,必然影响媒体的公信力和客观、权威性.分析新闻媒体腐败现象种种,揭示新闻腐败的实质是新闻权的滥用,而造成新闻腐败的根本原因是经济利益的驱使和缺乏对新闻媒体有效的舆论监督机制.对此,应在建立有效的媒体监督机构的同时,大力整顿媒体从业队伍,强化社会舆论对媒体的有效监督,并将之纳入法制化轨道,在构建强大的"反腐败"社会力量之下,实现媒体舆论监督社会和社会监督新闻媒体的良性互动,促进社会新闻传播事业和社会风气的健康向上.     

才子佳人小说的叙事学意义--论才子佳人小说对传统叙事观的改变和想像性叙事缺陷的弥补

中国人具有重史的传统.正是这种传统使得中国文学的想像性叙事先天发育不足,同时形成了先秦时期"重结果而轻过程"的叙事观,并对后世叙事文学产生了巨大的影响.出现于明末清初的才子佳人小说,正是以跌宕波澜的情节在改变着这种叙事观的同时,积极弥补着想像性叙事先天发育不足的缺陷.正是这种改变和弥补,显示出才子佳人小说非凡的叙事学意义.     

Cu~(2+)的柠檬酸配合物与大环配体交换反应的研究

本文在λ=760nm,I=0.5×10~3mol/m~3(KNO_3),T=25℃,[Cu~(2+)]_(tot)=10[CyH]_(tot),和pH为3.30、3.50条件下,测定了大环配体5,5,7,12,12,14-六甲基-1,4,8,11-四氮杂环十四烷-N′-乙酸(简写为CyH)与Cu~(2+)的柠檬酸(LH_3)配合物配体交换反应。用ELORMA等计算程序算出假一级反应的表现速率常数k_(obs)以及双分子反应速率常数k_(Cu)~(CyH)和k_(CuL)~(CyH),且得到了相应的关系式。     

毛泽东的实事求是与湘学的经世务实传统

与考据学的实事求是不同,在湘学传统中,由于其强烈的经世务实精神,实事求是成为一种注重现实实际的学风;这种学风对青年毛泽东的文化性格产生了深远影响;正是这种文化性格使得毛泽东在接受了马克思主义之后,注重将马克思主义与中国实际结合起来,并独具卓识地提出和阐释了实事求是这一马克思主义中国化的最为重要的命题.     

地方官员的晋升激励与外来务工人员的社会保障

通过建立一个多任务下的地方政府官员晋升激励模型,从中央和地方政府委托—代理关系的角度分析了外来务工人员社会保障缺失的原因,结论认为,以GDP为主的绩效考核机制下的晋升激励扭曲了地方政府应当为外来务工人员提供保障的职能,这是外来务工人员社会保障缺失的根本原因。