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41.
Mariano Alvaro Page FerráN Casas Enrique Rebolloso 《Revista de Psicología Social》2013,28(2-3):281-296
42.
Recently, the first ever estimate of the number of children living poverty in developing countries was undertaken. The incidence
of child poverty was estimated by establishing how many children suffer severe deprivation in at least one out of seven indicators
which are internationally recognized as their rights as well as constitutive of poverty. This is a major step forward in the
analysis of poverty. In this paper, we generalize these findings on the incidence of children living in poverty by exploring
how to estimate the depth and severity of child poverty.
Two countries can have the same proportion of children living in poverty, however, the actual plight of children could be
very different depending on how many deprivations, on average, children suffer. In addition, even if they suffer from the
same average number of deprivations, these deprivation could be the same for all children or be very unevenly distributed.
We show how these considerations can be used to estimate the depth and severity of poverty. We use regional data to provide
applied examples of this methodology.
The method proposed in this paper is similar to the one used to estimate the incidence, depth and severity of income poverty.
The paper also offers some possible generalizations and ways forward for future research. 相似文献
43.
Enrique Echeburúa Itxaso González-Ortega Paz de Corral Rocío Polo-López 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(2):215-227
This study aimed to examine the gender-related differences in demographics, gambling measures, psychological functioning,
and motivation for therapy in an outpatient sample of pathological gamblers seeking treatment. Participants in this multisite
study included 103 adult outpatients (51 women and 52 men) meeting current DSM-IV-TR criteria for PG. Logistic regression
was used to examine if gender was related together to categorical and continuous independent variables. Female gamblers were
older than men and more likely to be divorced or widowed and to have a lower annual income. Women became more dependent on
bingo and men on slot machines. Gambling motivation and the course of illness for both sexes were also different. Female gamblers
were more anxious and with a poorer self-esteem than male gamblers and more affected by depressive symptoms; in turn, men
were more impulsive and higher sensation seekers than women and more affected by drug/alcohol abuse. The 68.6% of female gamblers
reported being victims of intimate partner violence. There were no gender differences about the motivation for treatment.
Future research should examine gambling behaviors and psychological functioning and suggest treatment approaches to address
specific goals according to these gender-related differences. 相似文献
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In this paper the most general bivariate distributions with second kind beta conditionals is fully characterized. This family is closed under inversions and the conditional moments are shown to be rational functions of the conditioned variable. Two subfamilies of dependent distributions is shown to have second kind beta marginals too. Finally, as a particular case, the most general bivariate distribution with second kind Pareto conditionals is characterized. 相似文献
49.
Miguel A. Sastre‐Castillo Marta Peris‐Ortiz Ignacio Danvila‐Del Valle 《Nonprofit management & leadership》2015,25(4):349-369
In recent years, the term social entrepreneur has become increasingly common in academic and business circles. Social entrepreneurs engage in a variety of activities, but always with the intention of solving social problems. Social entrepreneurs are not merely people who perform acts of charity; they have an evident desire to improve social well‐being and develop projects with long‐term vision. The creation of sustainable social value is a key characteristic that differentiates them from well‐meaning individuals who simply engage in charitable works. There are, however, significant gaps in our understanding of social entrepreneurs and few empirical studies on the subject. This present study attempts to identify the characteristics of more socially oriented entrepreneurs, using sociodemographic variables and the theory of universal values toward work. Analysis of a sample of approximately 400 people shows that more than half of entrepreneurial orientation can be explained through the possession of the values of self‐enhancement (with an inverse relationship in this case), self‐transcendence, and conservation. The theory of universal values has proved extraordinarily useful for studying the characteristics of social entrepreneurs. 相似文献
50.
A simple and useful characterization of many predictive models is in terms of model structure and model parameters. Accordingly, uncertainties in model predictions arise from uncertainties in the values assumed by the model parameters (parameter uncertainty) and the uncertainties and errors associated with the structure of the model (model uncertainty). When assessing uncertainty one is interested in identifying, at some level of confidence, the range of possible and then probable values of the unknown of interest. All sources of uncertainty and variability need to be considered. Although parameter uncertainty assessment has been extensively discussed in the literature, model uncertainty is a relatively new topic of discussion by the scientific community, despite being often the major contributor to the overall uncertainty. This article describes a Bayesian methodology for the assessment of model uncertainties, where models are treated as sources of information on the unknown of interest. The general framework is then specialized for the case where models provide point estimates about a single‐valued unknown, and where information about models are available in form of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous performance data (pairs of experimental observations and model predictions). Several example applications for physical models used in fire risk analysis are also provided. 相似文献