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91.
ABSTRACTThis article analyses the influence of unemployed parents’ further vocational training on their children’s future apprenticeship and employment opportunities. We focus on households receiving means-tested benefits in Germany and investigate whether parents’ further vocational training helps avoid an intergenerational transmission of unemployment. Parents’ further vocational training can affect children’s future apprenticeship and employment opportunities directly, for instance by raising the value attributed to education and training within the family. Indirect effects via parents’ improved employment opportunities are possible as well. The sample consists of adolescents who were 14–17 years old when their parents participated in a further vocational training programme. We evaluate apprenticeship and employment outcomes for the young adults at ages 17–23 using entropy balancing methods on the basis of rich large-scale register data. Our findings indicate significantly positive effects of parents’ further vocational training on children’s apprenticeship enrolment but non-significant or negative effects on children’s regular employment at young ages. Moreover, mediation analysis gives evidence that these effects are partly mediated via an increase in parents’ own employment opportunities. Overall, our analyses indicate that parents’ further vocational training improves the qualifications of the next generation as well. 相似文献
92.
Eva A. Duda‐Mikulin 《International migration (Geneva, Switzerland)》2018,56(4):140-153
At a time when there are more people on the move than ever before, it is pivotal to explore people's motivations and experiences of return migration. Whilst motivations for migration are comparatively well explored, return migrants' experiences are less well‐known and migrants' gender is rarely considered. This article addresses these gaps. It is based on qualitative research and in‐depth interviews with 32 Polish women: 16 migrants and 16 return migrants. Considered through the lens of agency and structure, this research uncovers how fluid the process of migration has become; migration motivations and patterns are blurred and interlinked with one another while classic migration theories seem outdated. The study uses an “intersection of motivations” to show how inseparable migration‐related motivations have become. This article contributes to the growing literature on East–West return migration and highlights women as migrants and the gendered nature of their mobility. 相似文献
93.
The dichotomy between emotion and rationality has been one of the most enduring of sociological theory. This article attempts
to bypass this dichotomy by examining how emotion and rationality are conjoined in the practice of the choice of a mate. We
posit the fundamental role of culture in determining the nature of this intertwinement. We explore the culturally embedded
intertwining of emotion and rationality through the notion of modal configuration. Modal configuration includes five key features: reflexivity, techniques, modal emphasis, modal overlap, and modal sequencing.
We apply this framework to the topic of partner selection. Comparing primary and secondary sources on pre-modern partner selection
and on internet dating, we show that emotion and rationality were intertwined in both periods but that what differs between
them is precisely the emotion-rationality modality.
Eva Illouz Is Professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is the author of five books: Consuming the Romantic Utopia: Love and the Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism (University of California Press, 1997), The Culture of Capitalism (2002, in Hebrew); Oprah Winfrey and the Glamour of Misery: An Essay on Popular Culture (2003), Cold Intimacies (Polity Press, 2007); and Saving the Modern Soul: Therapy, Emotions, and the Culture of Self-Help (University of California Press, 2008). Shoshannah Finkelman completed an MA in Sociology and Anthropology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in December 2008. She received a BA in English literature from Kenyon College, and studied for a year at Oxford University 相似文献
Eva IllouzEmail: |
Eva Illouz Is Professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is the author of five books: Consuming the Romantic Utopia: Love and the Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism (University of California Press, 1997), The Culture of Capitalism (2002, in Hebrew); Oprah Winfrey and the Glamour of Misery: An Essay on Popular Culture (2003), Cold Intimacies (Polity Press, 2007); and Saving the Modern Soul: Therapy, Emotions, and the Culture of Self-Help (University of California Press, 2008). Shoshannah Finkelman completed an MA in Sociology and Anthropology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in December 2008. She received a BA in English literature from Kenyon College, and studied for a year at Oxford University 相似文献
94.
Thekla F. Vrolijk-Bosschaart Eva Verlinden Miranda W. Langendam Vivienne De Smet Arianne H. Teeuw Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater 《Journal of child sexual abuse》2018,27(7):729-751
Children with alleged child sexual abuse (CSA) need to be assessed systematically. The use of validated instruments during the assessment, like the Child Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI), could add diagnostic value. We aim to assess the diagnostic utility of the CSBI to differentiate between sexually abused and non-abused children. We conducted a systematic review. We searched the electronic databases MEDLINE and PsychInfo for studies comparing CSBI scores in sexually abused children and non-abused children (2–12 years old). Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the methodological quality. We included 7 (out of 1048) articles. The CSBI total scores were significantly higher in CSA-victims compared with non-abused children (in case–control settings). However, in children with suspected CSA, the results were ambiguous. One study reported significant differences. Another study reported weak diagnostic ability for the CSBI-3 in children with suspected CSA (a sensitivity and specificity of 0.50, with a positive predictive value of 0.28, and a negative predictive value of 0.72). Research on the diagnostic utility of the CSBI for suspected CSA is limited and shows disappointing results. Until more research is done, the CSBI should not be used on its own to differentiate between sexually abused and non-abused children. 相似文献
95.
96.
Hiring subsidies for people with a disability: Evidence from a small‐scale social field experiment 下载免费PDF全文
Eva DEUCHERT Lukas KAUER 《International labour review / International Labour Office》2017,156(2):269-285
The effectiveness of hiring subsidies for people with disabilities remains unclear due to potential free‐rider, substitution and signalling effects. The authors propose a novel evaluation approach wherein it is randomly decided whether or not job applications disclose the subsidy to potential employers. Based on call‐back rates for interviews, the subsidy is found to be ineffective or even counterproductive in a group of adolescents having completed their vocational training programme. However, the negative signalling effect seems to be much weaker in a group of clients of job‐coaching services who acquired their disability during their working life. 相似文献
97.
Rose Wesche Derek A. Kreager Eva S. Lefkowitz Sonja E. Siennick 《Journal of research on adolescence》2017,27(3):611-627
The present research examined how the within‐person association between sexual initiation and internalizing symptoms decays over time, using data with annual measurement occasions across adolescence (N = 1,789) and statistical models of within‐person change. Sexual initiation was associated with increased levels of internalizing symptoms for early‐initiating girls (ninth grade, approximately age 15), but not for on‐time‐initiating girls or for boys. The association between girls' early sexual initiation and internalizing symptoms declined precipitously over time. Indeed, 1 year after sexual debut, early‐initiating girls were similar to on‐time or noninitiating girls on internalizing symptoms, suggesting early sexual initiation does not produce lasting detriments to girls' mental health. Findings inform how researchers perceive sexual initiation, both as a developmental milestone and as a prevention target. 相似文献
98.
Where does time spent on the Internet come from? Tracing the influence of information and communications technology use on daily activities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We explore from a time-use perspective how private use of computers and the Internet [information and communications technologies (ICTs)] is transforming everyday life. Data from the Swedish 2010–2011 Time-Use Survey reflect a situation in which Internet use has spread widely and become routine for many. Using covariate analysis, we analyse differences in general time use between four groups of ICT users ranging from non-users to heavy users. The theoretical departure point is a nuanced discussion of the time-displacement concept. Results indicate that private time spent using ICTs is associated primarily with individuals’ available free time, that is, elastic relative to time for paid work (i.e. contracted time). Heavy ICT users spend more time on activities carried out alone, are more home centred, and less mobile. Heavy use is associated with somewhat less committed time spent, for example, on maintenance work or taking care of children. Regarding personal time, time for meals is negatively related to heavy use, while night-time sleep is unaffected. Concerning free time, heavy use takes time from sports and outdoor recreation, but has no effect on offline media use, entertainment and cultural activities, or reading. Heavy use does not affect time spent on social activities, for example, for social interaction with family and friends or time spent on voluntary associations. Observed differences become significant at certain thresholds of ICT-related time use, involving heavy users who spend one hour or more on computers and the Internet every day. 相似文献
99.
Most research on activist participation has aimed to explain motives to engage in protest and collective action or becoming an activist. The outcomes, for the individual, have been neglected. Therefore, we set out to systematically document and organize the psychological and behavioural changes associated with activism into a typology of change. The review contains 57 papers describing changes. Psychological changes identified in the literature can be classified into 19 main forms: marital status, children, relationship ties, work-life/career, extended involvement, consumer behaviour, identity, empowerment, radicalization/politicization, legitimacy, sustained commitment, self-esteem, general well-being, ‘traits’, self-confidence, religion, organizing, knowledge and home skills. Our analysis highlights the lack of analysis of the relation between type of protest and type of change, and lack of research into the processes behind the various psychological changes. What is needed now is more precise investigation of the relationship between types of protests, social and psychological processes, and psychological outcomes. Further, more longitudinal studies are required to explore the relationship. 相似文献