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41.
OBJECTIVE: The authors' purpose in this study was to estimate prevalence and correlates of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), major depressive episodes (MDEs) among Spanish university students. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: In October and November 2004, interviewers administered a screening tool to a sample of 554 students aged 18-34 years (65.9% women). RESULTS: The prevalence of MDEs was 8.7% (95% confidence interval = 6.5%-11.3%). The most common symptoms were depressed mood (81.3%) and altered sleep (79.2%). MDEs were more prevalent among women than men (p < .05). The mean number of previous episodes of depression among currently depressed students with previous episodes was 2.2 (SD = 1.4). Of depressed students, 0.6% had considered suicide and 0.2% had attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS: Depression was highly prevalent among university students. The results suggest the need to develop some type of program or service for university students with the aim of preventing depression and improving their adaptation to university life. 相似文献
42.
Fernando DF 《Demography》1974,11(3):441-456
In this paper an attempt has been made to study differential fertility by urban-rural and regional classifications, using data obtained from complete tabulations of the 1963 Census of Population, the four rounds of the Socio-Economic Survey conducted from November 1969 to October 1970, and the Registrar General's Department. The analysis of current fertility indicates that the traditional pattern of lower urban fertility relative to rural held true in both 1963 and 1970 and also shows a narrowing of the differentials. The country was divided into four zones on an agro-climatic basis for regional analysis. A consistent ranking of the zones in relation to current fertility emerges in both 1963 and 1970. Changing patterns of age-specific fertility and age-specific marital fertility are discussed. Data on average size of family by urban-rural and regional classifications are also analyzed. An attempt has also been made to identify some of the possible causes for the differentials observed. 相似文献
43.
44.
This baseline study used data from a informant survey of 76 rural communities in Central Tunisia to construct, first, measures of rural poverty and ecological deterioration and, second, indices of the major institutional complexes in the region. Using factor analysis, the study identified five institutional dimensions: services, religious institutions, mechanized agriculture, irrigated agriculture and sedentary herding. These dimensions were then used as independent variables in a regression analysis of the two social indicators with the results that sedentary herding and religious institutions (negative) predict ecological problems, and the same two dimensions, with the addition of services (negative) predict poor housing. Compared to household survey baselines, this one is less expensive, simpler to analyze and provides an analytic picture of the institutional structure, in relation to key indicators, of a region. 相似文献
45.
Looking Behavior and Smiling in Down Syndrome Infants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We studied the relation between direction of gaze and smiling in 15 typically developing infants and 15 infants with Down syndrome. All of them were videotaped during face-to-face interaction with their mothers at home, and while having access to their familiar toys. Results showed that mothers in the two groups behaved in a similar way; that Down syndrome infants looked at their mother's face for longer than typically developing children; and that the relationship between looking and smiling was similar in the two cases and reflected as an increase in the time the infant looked at its mother's face and a decrease in the time the infant looked at toys. It was deduced that Down syndrome infants are capable of distinguishing the differential significance of faces and toys, so that, in the same way as typically developing infants, they direct their affective behavior fundamentally towards the social element, which leads us to consider the affiliative function implied by this expression. 相似文献
46.
José Antonio Moler Fernando Plo Miguel San Miguel 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》2007
We study a randomized adaptive design to assign one of the L treatments to patients who arrive sequentially by means of an urn model. At each stage n, a reward is distributed between treatments. The treatment applied is rewarded according to its response, 0?Yn?1, and 1-Yn is distributed among the other treatments according to their performance until stage n-1. Patients can be classified in K+1 levels and we assume that the effect of this level in the response to the treatments is linear. We study the asymptotic behavior of the design when the ordinary least square estimators are used as a measure of performance until stage n-1. 相似文献
47.
Fernando Ferraz do Nascimento 《Journal of applied statistics》2017,44(13):2410-2426
Abrupt changes often occur for environmental and financial time series. Most often, these changes are due to human intervention. Change point analysis is a statistical tool used to analyze sudden changes in observations along the time series. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian model for extreme values for environmental and economic datasets that present a typical change point behavior. The model proposed in this paper addresses the situation in which more than one change point can occur in a time series. By analyzing maxima, the distribution of each regime is a generalized extreme value distribution. In this model, the change points are unknown and considered parameters to be estimated. Simulations of extremes with two change points showed that the proposed algorithm can recover the true values of the parameters, in addition to detecting the true change points in different configurations. Also, the number of change points was a problem to be considered, and the Bayesian estimation can correctly identify the correct number of change points for each application. Environmental and financial data were analyzed and results showed the importance of considering the change point in the data and revealed that this change of regime brought about an increase in the return levels, increasing the number of floods in cities around the rivers. Stock market levels showed the necessity of a model with three different regimes. 相似文献
48.
Population and Environment - 相似文献
49.
Terrina Fernando 《Australian Social Work》2019,72(1):47-61
Teaching Aboriginal content in social work education presents risks of retraumatisation for students. There are international calls for a trauma-informed teaching model that creates cultural safety in the classroom. This study aimed to develop a trauma-informed model for social work education by reviewing the literature on cultural safety for Aboriginal peoples. This model incorporates key aspects of ensuring Aboriginal cultural safety: de-colonise social work education; collaborative partnerships; build relationships; critical reflection; develop cultural courage; and yarning and story-telling. It provides a valuable framework for creating a more equitable teaching and learning environment that also ensures the essential academic content is covered.
IMPLICATIONS
Trauma underlies the historical, contemporary and cultural narratives of Aboriginal peoples. Students engaging in Aboriginal content that is traumatic can mean connecting with trauma that has occurred in their own lives.
Trauma-informed teaching and learning will ensure that educators create culturally safe spaces that enable students to engage well with content.
The adoption of the framework proposed in this paper may lead to the creation of a culturally safe space for teaching and learning in social work education.
50.
Electronic assembly operations are vital to industries such as telecommunications, computers and consumer electronics. This paper presents a constraint analysis methodology for planning and improving electronic assembly operations that draws on concepts from queueing theory, simulation and production planning. The proposed methodology identifies the operational bottleneck and predicts the utilization, throughput and lead time of the assembly line. It also quantifies the relationship between yields and utilization for the assembly operations. A case study is presented that applies the methodology at an Ericsson, Inc., telecommunications equipment assembly facility. The constraint analysis methodology provided valuable decision support as the managers of Ericsson evaluated the costs and benefits of additional production capacity. Although the focus of this paper is electronic assembly operations, the methodology can be applied to general flow line assembly systems with feedback loops for test and rework under dedicated high-volume production. 相似文献