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171.
This review focuses on broad themes characterizing marital research in the past decade. In addition to continuing themes, such as a focus on conflict, violence, and impact on physical and mental health outcomes, we also address the impact of the Healthy Marriage Initiative on marital research and recent advances in methodology. We highlight an overarching theme that characterizes much of the literature: the importance of context in understanding marital outcomes and the impact of positive marital transactions and marital strengths. Given the increasing diversity of married couples, the attention given to context over the past decade has been timely and appropriate, providing an increasingly solid foundation for future research. 相似文献
172.
Prof. Dr. Frank Lasogga Dr. Falko von Ameln 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2010,41(2):157-176
In cases of major emergencies a whole range of organizations has to cooperate quickly and efficiently. This situation poses a challenge to cooperation and communication. The article sketches some problem areas typical for the cooperation in disaster situations which have been identified in interviews with representatives of the organizations involved, by participatory observation and in a survey of the relevant literature. These problem areas are analyzed against the background of systems-theoretical considerations on cooperation in organizational networks. On this basis the authors develop a multi-level counselling model for improving the cooperation in major emergencies. 相似文献
173.
Group testing, sometimes called pooling design, has been applied to a variety of problems such as blood testing, multiple
access communication, coding theory, among others. Recently, screening experiments in molecular biology has become the most
important application. In this paper, we review several models in this application by focusing on decoding, namely, giving
a comparative study of how the problem is solved in each of these models. 相似文献
174.
Johan Vanderfaeillie Frank Van Holen Lenny Trogh C. Andries 《Child & Family Social Work》2012,17(1):34-42
Foster children often have behavioural problems. Behavioural problems influence the level of parenting stress and can lead to a breakdown. In this study, parenting behaviour of foster mothers is mapped, and the influence of behavioural problems and parenting stress on the parenting behaviour 2 years later is examined. Data of behavioural problems, family stress and parenting were gathered from 49 foster mothers. Problem behaviour has a direct negative impact on parenting and leads to less support and more negative control. It also results in more parenting stress. Foster parents need to be trained aiming at preventing ineffective parenting. The well‐being of foster parents needs to be guarded. Higher levels of parenting stress lead to less effective parenting. 相似文献
175.
This study uses a dynamic discrete choice model to examine the degree of present bias and naivete about present bias in individuals’ health care decisions. Clinical guidelines exist for several common chronic diseases. Although the empirical evidence for some guidelines is strong, many individuals with these diseases do not follow the guidelines. Using persons with diabetes as a case study, we find evidence of substantial present bias and naivete. Counterfactual simulations indicate the importance of present bias and naivete in explaining low adherence rates to health care guidelines. 相似文献
176.
Foster care placement breakdown in the Netherlands and Flanders: Prevalence,precursors, and associated factors 下载免费PDF全文
Johan Vanderfaeillie Anouk Goemans PhD Harm Damen Frank Van Holen Huub Pijnenburg 《Child & Family Social Work》2018,23(3):337-345
Family foster care is the option of choice for children in need of out‐of‐home care in Flanders and the Netherlands. Foster care is however a vulnerable intervention, and questions can be raised as to its efficacy. Although the literature on placement breakdown has made significant progress during the last years, empirical knowledge regarding breakdown in Flanders and the Netherlands remains scant. Consequently, this study aimed at investigating prevalence and precursors of breakdowns in long‐term foster care, the duration of placement before breakdown, and the association of child and placement characteristics with breakdown. Case files of 271 Dutch and 309 Flemish foster children were analysed with a coding scheme designed for this study. After 6 years, 398 placements had terminated: 169 placements broke down and 229 placements ended positively. Placements broke down mainly because of behavioural problems of the foster child, foster parents' parenting problems, and conflicts between birth and foster parents. Foster children with behavioural problems, older foster children, foster children denied treatment, and foster children in care because of sexual abuse were more at risk of breakdown. Assessing these factors is important when evaluating the appropriateness of a family foster care placement. 相似文献
177.
Conventional wisdom maintains that youths take risks because they underestimate probabilities of harm. Presumably if they
knew the true probabilities, they would behave differently. We used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to assess
whether differences between subjective and objective probabilities that an adverse outcome to self will occur are systematically
related to a harmful behavior, initiating smoking. We find that youths are generally pessimistic about probabilities of their
own deaths and being violent crime victims. After smoking initiation, youths increase subjective probabilities of death by
more than the objective increase in mortality risk, implying recognition of potential harms. Virtually all 12–14 year-olds
know that smoking causes heart disease. The minority who believe that smoking causes AIDS are less likely to become smokers;
i.e., risk misperceptions deter rather than cause smoking initiation. Messages designed to deter smoking initiation should
stress other disadvantages of smoking than just probabilities of harm. 相似文献
178.
Byron P. McCrae MS Joanne Frank MS Annie Dochnahl MS Tony Pickering MS Brent Harrison MS 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2013,61(6):259-267
Abstract Seven focus groups at a university campus were formed to identify college men's health concerns, barriers to seeking help, and recommendations to help college men adopt healthier lifestyles. Content analysis was used to identify and organize primary patterns in the focus-group data. Results of the study revealed that the college men were aware that they had important health needs but took little action to address them. The participants identified both physical and emotional health concerns. Alcohol and substance abuse were rated as the most important issues for men. The greatest barrier to seeking services was the men's socialization to be independent and conceal vulnerability. The most frequently mentioned suggestions for helping men adopt healthier lifestyles were offering health classes, providing health information call-in service, and developing a men's center. Implications of the results are discussed. 相似文献
179.
Terry Peak MSW PhD Frank Ascione PhD Jylisa Doney 《Journal of elder abuse & neglect》2013,25(1):37-49
Past research has examined links among animal abuse, child maltreatment, and intimate partner violence and demonstrated the importance of addressing the needs of both human and animal victims. We hypothesized that there might be a similar link between animal abuse and older adult welfare issues. As a first step in the earlier research was the development of a screening protocol that shed light on the link between domestic violence and animal abuse, we decided to follow a similar route to explore this new topic by asking state government representatives about their experiences, if any, with this topic. Here we report the results of a national survey of state Adult Protective Services agencies regarding their protocols for assessing animal welfare issues in the context of older adult maltreatment. We also describe a model assessment protocol we developed in collaboration with the Utah Division of Aging and Adult Services. 相似文献
180.