诺贝尔科学奖与我国科学文化建设——来自屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖的感悟与思考

中华文明的发展过程中,与人文文化相比,科学文化一直受到抑制或忽视,致使科学文化始终是中华文明的弱项。从明末清初的西学东渐到近代的洋务运动,国人主要从物质功能片面看待西方科学,致使中国科学文化建设始终进展缓慢。直至“五四”时期,先驱者们才对科学文化的重要性有了深刻体认,但由于时代条件的限制,我国科学文化建设的目标仍未能实现。今天药学家屠呦呦喜获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,这一项与中国传统文化和人民现实生活密切相关的重大成就,为我国科学文化建设提供了强大动力和重大历史机遇。     

Women's Migration for Domestic Work and Cross‐Border Marriage in East and Southeast Asia: Reproducing Domesticity,Contesting Citizenship

This article offers an integrative review of the literature on women's migration for domestic work and cross‐border marriages in East and Southeast Asia. By bringing these two bodies of literature into dialogue, we illuminate the interconnected processes that shape two key forms of women's migration that are embedded in the reproduction of women's domesticity. We highlight structural analyses of the demographic and socio‐economic shifts that propel women's migration while also attending to the affective dimension of migrant women's desires and duties and to the brokerages that mediate the migrant flow. We finally examine how migrant wives and domestic workers contest the boundary of citizenship as they claim their full personhood against divergent modes of control over their rights, bodies, and mobility. We conclude by pointing out concrete areas where the two sets of literature can enrich each other for future research on gender, labor, and migration.     

Intercultural education through a bilingual children’s rights project: reflections on its possibilities and challenges with young learners

Despite the growing importance of intercultural education, literature is still lacking in related research with young learners. This study reports on a yearlong university–school collaborative research project that aimed to promote students’ intercultural competence and critical bi-literacy skills through their exploration of the issue of children’s rights. Grounded in the critical perspectives of intercultural pedagogy and dynamic bi-/multilingualism, the two collaborating Grade 3 teachers engaged their students in critical inquiry of children’s rights in both English and French. Through a range of hybrid translanguage literacy practices and experiential learning activities, students came to understand what children’s rights are and appreciate the importance of solidarity, equity, and compassion. Apart from highlighting some activities developed during this project and the impact of the activities on student participants, the study also attempts to critically reflect on some of the challenges in conducting intercultural education with young learners, in particular their emergent but conflicted understanding of other cultures. Further, the study speaks to the issue of how such an important education can be practiced in a non-reductionist and non-simplistic manner yet still be accessible to young learners.     

Framing competitiveness: the advocacy of migration as an essential human resources strategy in Europe

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how competitiveness has been framed rhetorically and politically by interested actors in France, Germany, and the UK. Skilled rhetorical advocacy clothes particular political demands in the language of competitiveness and purported exigencies of the global economy, thus advancing political goals more easily that might otherwise encounter significant political opposition. In theoretical terms, the paper analyses the ideational framing of policy discourses. Empirically, the emphasis rests on exploring how governments, organised business, and business think tanks have attempted to advance demands for liberalised labour migration schemes in Europe by linking them rhetorically to the prerogative of economic competitiveness. Despite an adverse political climate, sceptical public opinion, and persistent unemployment, it has thus been politically possible to liberalise the regulation of labour migration considerably.     

A linear transformation model for multivariate interval‐censored failure time data

This paper discusses multivariate interval‐censored failure time data observed when several correlated survival times of interest exist and only interval censoring is available for each survival time. Such data occur in many fields, for instance, studies of the development of physical symptoms or diseases in several organ systems. A marginal inference approach was used to create a linear transformation model and applied to bivariate interval‐censored data arising from a diabetic retinopathy study and an AIDS study. The results of simulation studies that were conducted to evaluate the performance of the presented approach suggest that it performs well. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 41: 275–290; 2013 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada     

论科技文化发展机制

科技文化发展机制分为内部机制和外部机制,前者主要包括科学技术知识的积累和革命,科学技术各门学科的相互融合和渗透,科学技术方法的变更,科学与技术的互动。后者主要包括需要机制、激励机制、传播机制、保障机制。     

Maximum likelihood estimation for a nearly random walk model

This paper proposes an effective reparameterization method for the maximum likelihood estimation of a nearly random walk ARIMA (1,1,1) model, an important case where standard method of locating the MLE is not satisfactory. This model is equivalent to the permanent and temporary components model that Fama &French (1988) and others used to capture the slow mean reversion behavior of stock prices. The reparameterization method we prppose for estimating the nearly cancelled AR and MA parameters performs satisfactorily. The exact likelihood function based on the transformed parameters is studied. We argue that the region of interest will get magnified and emphasized in the transformed space, thus making the search for MLE more thorough and effective. Substantiai simuiation evidences are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The sample size requirement is critical and is discussed in details. For application, this method is applied to estimate a nearly random walk ARIMA (1,1,1) model for NYSE/AMEX value-weighted market return in daily and longer holding-period horizons.     

《堡垒》：静归中庸的德莱塞

德莱塞的晚期作品《堡垒》超越了自然主义的范畴，阐释了静归中庸的德莱塞。德翁走过了从感悟“适者”到超越“适者”的历程，《堡垒》体现了诸多的中庸情结，堡垒苏伦阐释了道德感与物欲之“中”正，苏伦子女展现了中庸化的结局。《堡垒》所体现的中庸理念，是德莱塞最终归向和谐的内心的真实映照，亦给人类带来安宁的乌托邦之光。     

培养大学生创业意识的实践与探索

大学生就业已经成为现实社会发展不可忽视的问题,大学生创业为解决该问题提供了新的思路,而实现大学生创业首先需要培养大学生的创业意识。影响大学生创业意识形成的主要因素有个体特征、成长环境、创业环境等,对此与大学生创业相关各社会主体要通过不同的途径实现对大学生创业意识的培养,如政府要打造良好的创业政策环境、企业要为大学生创业活动提供理论和实践指导、高校要加强大学生创业教育,搭建创业平台。     

生育利益调节机制:计划生育走向公共治理

生育利益调节机制是解决人口数量、结构、素质等诸多问题的公共治理机制。该机制是对计划生育的拓展,把生育行为的选择权力还之于民。其核心是通过一系列调整生育收益和成本的公共政策,引导公民自主选择生育,使生育行为微观选择的宏观效应最终符合国家人口政策目标。其理论模型包括宏观模型、微观模型和传导机制。宏观模型是政府判断人口发展趋势、制定人口发展战略的依据,微观模型体现了公民生育行为选择的过程,传导机制是根据宏观模型制定的一系列改变公民边际生育收益及成本、具有生育行为替代效应的公共政策。