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841.
Residential patterns of parents and their married children in contemporary China: A life course approach 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper examines the residential pattern of parents and their married children in contemporary China. Using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991, 1993, 1997), the analysis shows that the residential pattern of parents and their married children is not a static phenomenon, but changes over the life span. The analysis provides evidence that parental residence often responds to changed circumstances over the life course, adjusting to the need of married children as well as that of their parents. It is found that childcare needs, death of one parent, and health status of parents all play important roles in transitions in parental residence. 相似文献
842.
While the traditional economic wisdom believes that an individual will become better off by being given a larger opportunity
set to choose from, in this paper we question this belief and build a formal theoretical model that introduces decision costs
into the rational decision process. We show, under some reasonable conditions, that a larger feasible set may actually lower
an individual’s level of satisfaction. This provides a solid economic underpinning for the Simon prediction. 相似文献
843.
By means of minimal assumptions on the individual preferences, I show that the Willingness To Pay (WTP) for both a FSD and
SSD reduction of risk is the sum of a mean effect, a pure risk effect and a wealth effect. As a result, the WTP of a risk-averse
decision maker may be lower than the WTP of a risk-neutral one, for a large class of individual preferences’ representation
and a large class of risks. 相似文献
844.
On Decomposing Net Final Values: Eva,Sva and Shadow Project 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A decomposition model of Net Final Values (NFV), named Systemic Value Added (SVA), is proposed for decision-making purposes, based on a systemic approach introduced in Magni [Magni, C. A. (2003), Bulletin of Economic Research 55(2), 149–176; Magni, C. A. (2004) Economic Modelling 21, 595–617]. The model translates the notion of excess profit giving formal expression to a counterfactual alternative available
to the decision maker. Relations with other decomposition models are studied, among which Stewart’s [Stewart, G.B. (1991),
The Quest for Value: The EVA™ Management Guide, Harper Collins, Publishers Inc]. The index here introduced differs from Stewart’s Economic Value Added (EVA) in that it
rests on a different interpretation of the notion of excess profit and is formally connected with the EVA model by means of
a shadow project. The SVA is formally and conceptually threefold, in that it is economic, financial, accounting-flavoured. Some results
are offered, providing sufficient and necessary conditions for decomposing NFV. Relations between a project’s SVA and its
shadow project’s EVA are shown, all results of Pressacco and Stucchi [Pressacco, F. and Stucchi, P. (1997), Rivista di Matematica per le Scienze Economiche e Sociali 20, 165–185] are proved by making use of the systemic approach and the shadow counterparts of those results are also shown. 相似文献
845.
Pallanti S DeCaria CM Grant JE Urpe M Hollander E 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2005,21(4):431-443
The Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale adapted for Pathological Gambling (PG-YBOCS) was developed to measure the severity
and change in severity of pathological gambling symptoms. The PG-YBOCS is a 10-item clinician-administered questionnaire that
measures the severity of PG over a recent time interval (usually within the past one/two week(s)). In order to assess and
validate the scale, it was administered to 337 subjects: 188 pathological gamblers and 149 healthy controls. Internal consistency
and correlations between individual items and total score were assessed for various permutations of the sample. Other scales
were administered to assess convergent, discriminant and content validity. Sensitivity to change was evaluated in treatment
studies with fluovoxamine, lithium, and valproate. Each item was frequently endorsed across a range of severity. Good inter-rater
reliability and internal consistency were obtained. The PG-YBOCS showed high validity and reliability for total score, item-total
correlations, and for each subscale (Thoughts/Urges and Behavior). PG-YBOCS scores correlated with global severity and South
Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) scores. The scale was also sensitive to change in pathological gambling severity. PG-YBOCS thus
appears to be a reliable and valid measure of pathological gambling severity, and can be regarded as an important tool for
clinicians and researchers treating pathological gamblers. 相似文献
846.
Ellery M Stewart SH Loba P 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2005,21(3):299-324
This study tested whether alcohol increases behaviors associated with video lottery terminal (VLT) play, particularly among probable pathological gamblers. Forty-four regular VLT players were designated either probable pathological gamblers or non-pathological gamblers on the basis of scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS); [Lesieur & Blume (1997). American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1184–1188] Gamblers from each SOGS category were randomly assigned to either a moderately intoxicating alcohol dose or a control beverage condition (n = 11 per cell in the 2 × 2 between-subjects design). Following beverage consumption and absorption, participants played a video poker VLT game for up to 30 minutes. Four behaviors were measured: “power-bets” (doubling bet after viewing only two cards of the five-card poker hand); total money spent; mean bet magnitude; and number of minutes played. Alcohol increased time spent playing and rate of power-bets, particular among the probable pathological gamblers. Post hoc analyses revealed that alcohol also influenced the proportion of losing hands played––increasing them among the probable pathological gamblers while decreasing them among the non-pathological gamblers. Clinical and policy implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
847.
Stephen?Obeng?GyimaEmail author Jerry?White Paul?Maxim 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2005,26(1):123-142
This paper examines the effects of womens educational attainment on the timing of parenthood across successive generations of women in Ghana. Given the more enhanced career opportunities in recent years, we argue that the opportunity cost of parenthood may be higher for contemporary educated women, and as such, they are expected to delay parenthood for longer periods than their counterparts in the past. Using data from the 1998 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, we found that while higher maternal education associates with delayed parenthood, significant cohort differences were noticeable. Consistent with our expectations, the effect of higher educational attainment was substantially greater among younger women, indicating a longer transition to parenthood. Implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
848.
Julie?A.?UrbanEmail author Pamela?N.?Olson 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2005,26(1):101-122
Recognizing that mothers continue to bear the primary responsibility for household production, comprehensive logit models are developed to predict employment for low-income mothers. The models include a wide array of possible employment impediments, including individual, family environment, and community variables. Lack of family resource management, a variable not previously investigated in employment prediction, is found to be a significant impediment to employment. Under welfare reform, low-income mothers must balance family and work demands under severe resource constraints. Family resource management appears to play a crucial role in this balancing process. In addition, the local unemployment rate is found to be a significant predictor of employment. 相似文献
849.
This exploratory study aimed to identify the personal, family, and job characteristics associated with low-wage employees job–family role strain. Data were collected from both English and non-English speaking workers at one hotel site. Multivariate data analyses revealed that different sets of circumstances create job–family strain for employees. Supervisor support was independently associated with two of the three job–family strain variables while other job factors emerged as significant when interacting with demographic variables. Findings suggest that structural factors associated with managing work and family responsibilities may more accurately measure job–family role strain for this worker population. The study provides further evidence that the concept of job–family role strain is inherently complex, warranting further investigation, especially for employees in low-wage earning jobs. 相似文献
850.
Haejeong?KimEmail author Sharon?A.?DeVaney 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2005,26(3):371-394
The study investigated whether older workers chose partial or full retirement instead of full-time work. Partial or full retirement
status was modeled as a combination of self-reported retirement status and change in number of hours worked. The results of
multinomial logistic regression using data from the first and fifth waves of the Health and Retirement Study collected in
1992 and 2000 showed that age and gender had similar effects on the likelihood of partial and full retirement. Full retirement
was also influenced by investment assets, pensions, employee health insurance, and poor health. The likelihood of partial
retirement was also influenced by self-employment, chronic health conditions, and education. Workers who seek partial retirement
need working conditions that allow them to make this choice. 相似文献