弘扬民族文化致力国家建设--论回族研究的主流传统

在回族研究发展的100年历史中,体现出一个始终贯彻在学术活动中的学术传统,即将弘扬民族文化和国家建设紧密地联系在一起.本文在分析这个传统在不同时代的不同表现的同时,指出这是回族研究中的优良传统,对于今后的学术发展和学科建设有重要意义.     

Multivariate Synthetic |S| Control Chart with Variable Sampling Interval

A variable sampling interval (VSI) feature is introduced to the multivariate synthetic generalized sample variance |S| control chart. This multivariate synthetic control chart is a combination of the |S| sub-chart and the conforming run length sub-chart. The VSI feature enhances the performance of the multivariate synthetic control chart. The comparative results show that the VSI multivariate synthetic control chart performs better than other types of multivariate control charts for detecting shifts in the covariance matrix of a multivariate normally distributed process. An example is given to illustrate the operation of the VSI multivariate synthetic chart.     

The commonalities and differences in health professionals’ views on home birth in Tasmania,Australia: A qualitative study

ObjectivesHome birth has attracted great controversy in the current context. There is a need for the public and health professionals to understand why maternity care providers have such different views on home birth, why they debate, what divides them into two opposite sides and if they have anything in common.MethodA qualitative study involving twenty maternity health providers in Tasmania was conducted. It used semi-structured interview which included closed and open-ended questions to provide opportunities for exploring emerging insights from the voices of the participants.FindingsHealth practitioners who support home birth do so for three reasons. Firstly, women have the right to choose the place of birth. Secondly, home birth may be more cost effective compared to hospital birth. Thirdly, if home birth is not supported, some women might choose to have a free birth. Those who opposed home birth argue that complications could occur at childbirth and the transfer time is critical for women's and babies’ safety. These differences in opinions can be due to the differences in the training and philosophy of the maternity care providers. Despite the differing views on home births, health professionals share a common goal to protect the women and the newborns from unexpected situations during childbirth.ConclusionThis article provides some significant insights derived from the study of home birth from the maternity health professionals’ perspectives and could contribute to the enhancement of mutual understanding and collaboration of health professionals in their services to expectant mothers.     

Association Study on Pathological Gambling and Polymorphisms of Dopamine D1, D2, D3, and D4 Receptor Genes in a Korean Population

Several studies have reported that some dopaminergic receptor polymorphisms are associated with pathological gambling (PG). Considering that there are major race and ethnic group difference in dopaminergic polymorphisms, the result of genetic association studies should be confirmed in more homogeneous population to avoid problems of population stratification. The present study aimed to investigate whether selected polymorphisms in the dopamine receptors genes (DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, and DRD4) are associated with PG in Korean population which is consisted of only Korean ancestry. Subjects were 104 men with a diagnosis of PG and 114 unrelated age-matched normal control men. Genotyping was performed for the DRD1 gene -48 A/G, DRD2 gene TaqI A, DRD3 gene Ser9Gly, and DRD4 gene exon III variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms. The method of multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze gene-gene interactions. There were no differences in the frequencies of any studied polymorphisms between patients with PG and normal controls. MDR analysis did not show a significant effect of the 4 dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to PG (P > 0.05). The present study suggests that the analyzed polymorphisms of the dopamine receptor genes might not be associated with PG in a Korean population.     

Optimal designs of multivariate synthetic |S| control chart based on median run length

The multivariate synthetic generalized sample variance |S| (synthetic |S|) chart is a combination of the |S| sub-chart and the conforming run length sub-chart. A procedure for optimal designs of the synthetic |S| chart, based on the median run length (MRL), for both zero and steady-state modes are provided by minimizing the out-of-control MRL. The comparative results show that the synthetic |S| chart performs better than the standard |S| chart for detecting shifts in the covariance matrix of a multivariate normally distributed process, in terms of the MRL. An example is given to illustrate the operation of the synthetic |S| chart.     

Combined double sampling and variable sampling interval np chart

A combined double sampling and variable sampling interval (DSVSI) np chart is investigated in this study. The optimal design of the DSVSI np chart is based on minimizing the out-of-control average time to signal. From the numerical results, the DSVSI np chart performs reasonably well in comparison with the standard np chart, double sampling np chart, synthetic double sampling np chart, and other existing np type control charts for detecting increases in the process of fraction non conforming, based on the zero-state case. An example is provided to illustrate the application of the DSVSI np chart.     

Maximizing k-submodular functions under budget constraint: applications and streaming algorithms

Journal of Combinatorial Optimization - Motivated by the practical applications in solving plenty of important combinatorial optimization problems, this paper investigates the Budgeted k-Submodular...     

Structural Validation and Multiple Group Assessment of the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale in Homosexual and Bisexual Men in 38 European Countries: Results From the European MSM Internet Survey

Internalized homonegativity (IH) is the internalization of negative attitudes and assumptions about homosexual people by homosexual people themselves. To measure IH, Smolenski, Diamond, Ross, and Rosser (2010) and Ross, Rosser, and Smolenski (2010) revised the Reactions to Homosexuality Scale (RHS) to develop the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS) with eight items. Using the European Men Who Have Sex With Men Internet Survey (EMIS) data, with an analytic sample of 130,718 gay and bisexual men in 38 European countries, we confirmed the validity of the SIHS scale in both training and validation data, in strata of Ross, Berg, et al.’s (2013) three “homosexual discrimination” country clusters, of age, and of education level. However, the performance was less adequate in comparison of gay versus bisexually identified individuals. The latent SIHS structure contains only minor variations across these three strata. The seven-item scale performed as well as the eight-item scale. The SIHS is a promising candidate for standard IH measures, which is invariant across cultural, age, and educational strata.     

What does self-esteem have to do with behavioral health among low-income youth in Chicago?

Many studies have examined risk factors associated with poorer behavioral health among low-income African American youth, such as low school engagement, delinquency, mental health problems, drug use, and risky sex. However, fewer studies have examined protective factors for such behavioral health risk behaviors. This study sought to address this gap by examining whether high levels of self-esteem were associated with better behavioral health factors for this population. A survey was administered to a sample of 638 low-income African American adolescents in Chicago to examine the degree to which high self-esteem was associated with less delinquency, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors, and more school engagement, and whether such associations varied by gender. Stepwise linear and logistic regression models were estimated to assess the influence of self-esteem. Higher self-esteem for this sample of low-income African American adolescents was associated with lower rates of delinquency, drug use, and risky sexual behaviors and increased rates of school engagement. Gender moderated only a few of these relationships. These findings suggest that programs that promote high self–esteem alone or in combination with other resilience factors may promote better behavioral health factors for African American adolescents.