国有无形资产流失问题探讨

文章根据经济全球化和知识化的客观要求,在分析国有无形资产流失的特征、途径的基础上,从强化观念、建立机构、完善制度、制定战略、营造环境等方面提出了防止国有无形资产流失的一系列对策。     

《蒙特利尔公约》下的赔偿责任体系及相关问题

1999年《蒙特利尔公约》随着美国作为第30个国家的加入,已于2003年11月4日正式生效。经我国人民代表大会批准,公约于2005年7月31日对我国生效。本文通过对《蒙特利尔公约》与其之前的公约(华沙公约体系和IATA责任体制)进行比较,阐述了公约的重要意义及重要新增内容,探讨了公约相关问题。     

腊八趣话

“腊八”,即农历的十二月初八日。它是中国古代极为重要的传统节日。从时序上看,过了腊八,春节就指日可待了。农历的十二月称“腊月”。“腊与“猎”字通。其原始义为:人们在用猎获的牺牲举行祭礼,驱邪避灾,纳福迎祥。《礼记·效特牲》中有:“伊耆氏始为蜡。蜡也者,索也岁十二月,合聚万物而索飨之也的记载。但腊月初八日作为一个节日,是从南北朝才渐至成型的。戎昱有一首《桂州腊夜》的诗:坐到三更尽,归仍万里赊。雪声偏傍竹,寒梦不离家。晓角分残漏,孤灯落碎花。二年随骠骑,辛苦向天涯。这是作者腊夜的怀乡之作。羁之思,人生况味,溢于其间…     

A survey of the family planning work done in Dongguan County

The total fertility rate of women of childbearing age of Dongguan County in China has been decreasing gradually from 5.9 during the period following the liberation in 1949 to 2.05 in 1982. In order to encourage young couples to implement the policy of family planning consciously, the people's government of Dongguan county decided in July 1980 that all cadres and employees in county towns who received 1-child certificates would be exempted from house rent of 45 square meters from the time they get their certificates and would be allocated a living space of a 2-children family until their children reached age 16. It also stipulated that every couple could enjoy 1 month's holiday every year for 3 years and during the holiday, their salary, bonus and rate of attendance would not be affected. Because women bear less children today, they are relieved from heavy household chores and become the main working force in collective production. As a result, the development of town-run enterprises was stimulated and the total industrial output value of these enterprises increased. The average monthly salary of each female worker is about 100 yuan. In 1984, the average income per capita of the country rose to 649.2 yuan. The implementation of family planning work has eased the tension in the education field. Previously, because of the large number of school-age children in rural areas, teachers had to teach 2 classes. In the past 4 years, great emphasis was laid on intellectual investment. During this period, 2351 schools were built and several fundraising projects were implemented. Since 1981, more than 200 new running water projects were built, and new public services have been developed, including old age homes.     

Modeling household fertility decisions with generalized Poisson regression

This paper models household fertility decisions by using a generalized Poisson regression model. Since the fertility data used in the paper exhibit under-dispersion, the generalized Poisson regression model has statistical advantages over both standard Poisson and negative binomial regression models, and is suitable for analysis of count data that exhibit either over-dispersion or under-dispersion. The model is estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. Approximate tests for the dispersion and goodness-of-fit measures for comparing alternative models are discussed. Based on observations from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics of 1989 interviewing year, the empirical results support the fertility hypothesis of Becker and Lewis (1973). Received January 7, 1997 /Accepted April 3, 1997     

Speech at the UN International Conference on Population,Mexico City,August, 1984

In seeking a solution to its population problem, China, as a developing socialist country, has been making unremitting efforts to develop economy while controlling the rapid growth. The objective is to control rapid population growth so that population growth may be in keeping with socioeconomic development and commensurate with utilization of natural resources and environmental protection. In the past decade, and particularly since 1979, China has made much progress in developing economy and gained remarkable successes in controlling population growth. The natural population growth rate dropped to 1.15% in 1983, from 2.089% in 1973. Living standards have improved with a gradual annual increase of per capita income. All this proves that the policy of promoting family planning to control population growth along with planned economic development is correct. In China family planning is a basic state policy. The government has advocated the practice of "1 couple, 1 child" since 1979. This does not mean that 1 couple could have 1 child only in every case. The government provides guidance for the implementation of family planning programs in the light of specific conditions such as economic developments, cultural background, population structure, and the wishes of the people in different localities. The requirements are more flexible in rural than in urban areas and more so among the people of national minorities than among the people of the Han Nationality. In rural areas, couples who have actual difficulties and want to have 2 children may have a 2nd birth with planned spacing. In carrying out its family planning program, China has consistently adhered to the principle of integrating state guidance with the masses' voluntariness. The government has always emphasized the importance of encouraging the people's own initiatives, through publicity and education, which is the key link in implementing the family planning program.     

A study on mortality rates and expectation of life at birth in demography]

An "age-time-area diagram" (referred to as a-t diagram) which is used as the basis for discussing different used and applications of variously defined mortality rates, as well two kinds of measurements for life expectancy is proprosed. The proposal is built upon the Lexis diagram. The a-t diagram is used to define a new way of measuring child mortality, projecting population, and proposing a formula for measuring successive and nonsuccessive life expectancy.     

债权治理与盈余质量:来自中国证券市场的经验证据

以2007-2008年非金融类上市公司为样本,研究了债权治理与盈余质量之间的关系,得到以下研究结论:资产负债率与盈余质量显著负相关,短期资产负债率与盈余质量显著负相关,长期资产负债率与盈余质量呈现出不显著的正相关关系。进一步研究后发现,短期债务融资是引发盈余质量恶化的主要原因,而长期债务融资虽然一定程度上改善了上市公司的盈余质量,但这种效果总的来说并不显著。此外,最终控制人的国有性质加剧了债务契约引发的盈余管理动机,恶化了盈余质量。     

论两种"生态文明"之殊异——岩佐茂生态社会主义思想述评

资本主义和社会主义同样都在致力于解决环境问题和建设生态社会。岩佐茂认为,两者关于生态文明社会的构想存在着根本差异:前者是资本逻辑支配的社会,后者是生活逻辑贯穿的社会;前者只具有狭隘的地域视野,后者则具有广阔的全球视野;前者是无理念的资本循环型经济体系,后者是有理念的环保型循环社会。这些差异决定了生态社会主义是真正的生态文明社会,而资本主义只能够在一定程度上解决生态环境问题,不可能建成真正意义上的生态文明社会。     

寄生在同一个链条上的两害——乌鲁木齐市贩毒、吸毒人群与艾滋病人群的相关研究

新疆毗邻世界毒源重地"金新月"地区,特殊的地理位置为国际、国内大小毒枭所垂青,使其不仅是毒品的集散地,也是吸毒的重灾区。同时,当地的艾滋病疫情也不容小视。调查研究表明:乌鲁木齐(包括新疆)不是制毒的基地,而是"金新月"毒贩选定贩运毒品的重要通道;贩毒、吸毒、艾滋病,没有民族界限;贩毒———吸毒与艾滋病是同一链条上的两害,是当地艾滋病疫情的主要成因。