Transition of the population reproduction pattern in China]

In the past 30 years, great changes have taken place in the reproduction pattern of the population in China. A historical pattern of a high birth rate and high death rate no longer exists. A new low birth rate and low death rate pattern has now become a reality. It is especially notable that China has realized this transition under the condition of a backward economy. Since 1949, the death rate has dropped rapidly because of advancements in medical care, a rise in the standard of living, and an improvement in public health. The change in fertility, however, is determined by the developing level of social productivity. As mankind has moved forward, population reproduction has gradually become a self-conscious activity. Fertility is increasingly determined by views on marriage and concepts of birth. China has successfully achieved a transition in fertility, and this has to be credited to China's progressive relations in social production and an excellent social system. In addition, practical efforts made by the political leadership, cooperation from the people, and popularization of ideological education on family planning have all contributed to a transition in China's fertility rate.     

少数民族传统文化艺术与区域旅游发展关系思考——以酉阳土家族苗族自治县为例

少数民族传统文化艺术在区域旅游中是推动区域经济发展、区域致富的有力因素,在作为旅游资源来促进地区发展的同时,民族传统文化艺术也会发生转变,诸如文化转型、商品化等现象。在这种双重境地中,必须有一个双赢的措施,保证民族传统文化艺术得到“原生态”保护,并以此促进区域旅游的可持续发展。     

财贸高职内涵式发展的目标与维度

在中国经济发展方式发生变革的时代,财贸高职也需要转变发展方式,财贸高职只有走内涵式发展道路才能实现品牌高职的理性目标。本文以内涵式发展的目标为出发点,建构了质量、特色、效益三个维度的财贸高职内涵式发展框架。     

信任、承诺、关系行为与关系绩效:买方的视角

本研究通过抽样调查验证了买方对于卖方的信任和承诺对于买方行为的影响及其对买方的绩效含义。研究结果显示,买方对卖方的信任和承诺会影响买方在双方商业关系中的行为,这些行为对于买方的绩效具有积极意义。然而,信任和承诺对关系行为的影响存在不同。与假设相反,买方对卖方的信任提高了买方正式控制机制的使用,而买方对卖方的承诺则降低了买方的默许行为,这些效应有助于买方绩效。     

浅谈现代性背景下的农村城市化

我们对农村城市化实践的反思在理论上有着深刻的思想渊源,结合到世界范围内的城市化理论与历史来梳理这种理论渊源,最简洁的方式莫过于从现代化与现代性这两个重要的学术概念入手。对于现代化与现代性的研究以及两者之间关系的讨论,已经成为哲学、政治学、社会学等诸多学科的热门课题。就现实社会生活而言,现代化与现代性其实渗透在日常生活的方方面面,人们对它们只不过是“日用而不知”。     

城市轨道交通车站地区土地利用优化研究——以台州市轨道交通1号线为例

根据轨道交通车站与土地利用布局的耦合关系,车站地区圈层结构优化可分为适应和引导两种模式。以台州轨道交通1号线为例,通过GIS软件研究在这两种模式下车站地区人口分布、建设强度以及出行强度的空间特征,以此确定站点周边的土地调整方向,并得到适应型与引导型站点土地利用优化方向。     

困境与出路：提高上海市老年人口生活质量的思考

上海是我国人口老龄化程度最高的地区。在梳理老年人口生活质量的概念、内涵基础上,利用现有的上海市老年人口状况数据,分析上海在提高老年人1：7生活质量方面存在的问题,并重点探讨进一步提高老年人口生活质量的对策建议。     

The L(2,1)-labelling problem for cubic Cayley graphs on dihedral groups

A k-L(2,1)-labelling of a graph G is a mapping f:V(G)→{0,1,2,…,k} such that |f(u)?f(v)|≥2 if uv∈E(G) and f(u)≠f(v) if u,v are distance two apart. The smallest positive integer k such that G admits a k-L(2,1)-labelling is called the λ-number of G. In this paper we study this quantity for cubic Cayley graphs (other than the prism graphs) on dihedral groups, which are called brick product graphs or honeycomb toroidal graphs. We prove that the λ-number of such a graph is between 5 and 7, and moreover we give a characterisation of such graphs with λ-number 5.     

专创融合视域下材料成型及控制工程专业课程体系的构建

在国家实施创新驱动发展战略和推动经济增效升级的大背景下,我国高校创新创业教育已经取得了一定的成果.但因学校的属性、定位及地理等因素的不同,高校"双创"教育的开展与实施依旧存在着一定的问题,亟待构建一套适合本校专业教育和创新创业教育融合的课程体系.该文分析了我国当前专创融合的构建现状,然后,结合材料成型及控制工程专业实际情况,提出了一定的改革内容和措施,构建了科学的专创融合课程体系和框架.     

A spatial Bayesian semiparametric mixture model for positive definite matrices with applications in diffusion tensor imaging

Studies on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantify the diffusion of water molecules in a brain voxel using an estimated 3 × 3 symmetric positive definite (p.d.) diffusion tensor matrix. Due to the challenges associated with modelling matrix‐variate responses, the voxel‐level DTI data are usually summarized by univariate quantities, such as fractional anisotropy. This approach leads to evident loss of information. Furthermore, DTI analyses often ignore the spatial association among neighbouring voxels, leading to imprecise estimates. Although the spatial modelling literature is rich, modelling spatially dependent p.d. matrices is challenging. To mitigate these issues, we propose a matrix‐variate Bayesian semiparametric mixture model, where the p.d. matrices are distributed as a mixture of inverse Wishart distributions, with the spatial dependence captured by a Markov model for the mixture component labels. Related Bayesian computing is facilitated by conjugacy results and use of the double Metropolis–Hastings algorithm. Our simulation study shows that the proposed method is more powerful than competing non‐spatial methods. We also apply our method to investigate the effect of cocaine use on brain microstructure. By extending spatial statistics to matrix‐variate data, we contribute to providing a novel and computationally tractable inferential tool for DTI analysis.