Assessment of acceptance sampling plans using posterior distribution for a dependent process

In this study, performance of single acceptance sampling plans by attribute is investigated by using the distribution of fraction nonconformance (i.e. lot quality distribution) for a dependent production process. It is the aim of this study to demonstrate that, in order to emphasize consumer risk (i.e. the risk of accepting a bad lot), it is better to evaluate a sampling plan based upon its performance as assessed by the posterior distribution of fractions nonconforming in accepted lots. Similarly, it is the desired posterior distribution that sets the basis for designing a sampling plan. The prior distribution used in this study is derived from a Markovian model of dependence.     

Actualization of Social Cognitions into Aggressive Behavior toward Disliked Targets

The basic premise that social cognitions guide behavior (aggression) was evaluated within relationships marked by dislike. At Time 1, a disliked target was identified for each participant (195 fifth‐grade children; 109 boys; 11–12 years old at Time 1) who then responded to questions about different aggression‐supporting social cognitions with regard to the chosen target. In addition, aggression directed at the identified peer (from the disliked child's perspective) was measured twice over a one‐year interval. Our results show that aggressogenic thought predicts increases in aggression only when the target is chronically disliked. Moreover, within chronically disliked relationships, the actualization of aggressogenic thought is maximized when children have high initial levels of reactive (in the case of hostile attributions) and proactive aggression (in the case of self‐efficacy beliefs), and when targets are initially high on reactive aggression. These findings suggest that social cognitions, assessed within a specific relationship context, can have more predictive validity than traditionally used decontextualized measures.     

Linear predictors of future order statistics

In this paper we establish an optimal asymptotic linear predictor which does not involve the finite-sample variance-covariance structure. Extensions to the problem of finding the best linear unbiased and simple linear unbiased predictors for k samples are given. Moreover, we obtain alternative linear predictors by modifying the covariance matrix by either an identity matrix or a diagonal matrix. For normal, logistic and Rayleigh samples of size 10, the alternative linear predictors with these modifications have high efficiency when compared with the best linear unbiased predictor.     

Linear models with an inverse gaussian poisson error distribution

The inverse Gaussian-Poisson (two-parameter Sichel) distribution is useful in fitting overdispersed count data. We consider linear models on the mean of a response variable, where the response is in the form of counts exhibiting extra-Poisson variation, and assume an IGP error distribution. We show how maximum likelihood estimation may be carried out using iterative Newton-Raphson IRLS fitting, where GLIM is used for the IRLS part of the maximization. Approximate likelihood ratio tests are given.     

A mixed model analysis of variance for multi-environment variety trials

Of interest is the analysis of data resulting from a series of experiments repeated at several environments with the same set of plant varieties. Suppose that the experiments, multi-environment variety trials (as they are called), are all conducted in resolvable incomplete block designs. Adopting the randomization-derived mixed model obtained in Caliński et al. (Biometrics 61:448–455, 2005), a suitable analysis of variance methodology is considered and relevant test procedures are examined. The proposed methods are illustrated by the analysis of results of a series of trials with rye varieties.     

Grenzenlose Karrieren? — Hochqualifiziertes Personal und Top-Führungskräfte in Ökonomie und Medizin

The aim of the article is to prove the hypothesis of “bondless mobility” of the highly qualified. It says, that there evolved international distribution and trans-national structures of recruiting of the highly qualified personnel as part of the globalisation. We take our focus on managers and physicians, and based on our own and secondary analyses of other studies we find that this “strong” hypotheses of globalisation does not appear tenable. We prefer the term “Internationalisierung light” and locate the reasons for that in organisations’ career-mechanisms.     

On Testing Exponentiality against NBAFR Alternatives

In this article, we propose an interesting approach for testing exponentiality against NBAFR alternatives. A measure of deviation from exponentiality has been derived on the basis of an inequality which we have proved. A test statistic has been constructed using density estimators and its asymptotic normality established. The consistency of the said test is also proved.     

Hospital social workers' assessment processes for children at risk: positions in and contributions to inter-professional teams

This article explores hospital social workers' assessment processes for children at risk within the context of inter-professional teams working in child hospital care in Sweden. Based on qualitative interviews, the study discusses how assessment processes for children at risk can be understood from a professionalism perspective. Three institutionalized norms—juridical, therapeutic, and medical, building on different knowledge systems—are analyzed in relation to the three positions taken by hospital social workers as team members—active, reflective, or passive—leading to different kinds of actions in the assessment processes. The outlined norms and the positions taken involve consequences for the children and their families, but also pose questions for the future professionalization efforts of hospital social work.     

School Bullying and Moral Reasoning Competence

To examine whether high moral reasoning competence of adolescents is associated with low levels of bullying, and to understand whether moral disengagement mediates or moderates this relationship, 925 German children ranging from 11 to 17 years of age (M = 14.18, SD = 1.21) completed questionnaires on moral reasoning competence and moral disengagement in surveys at three different schools. The children were classified according to their bullying role, based on a peer‐nomination procedure. Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that moral reasoning competence negatively predicted whether a student took an aggressive role. Moral disengagement partially mediated this relationship. Corresponding effects for defenders and outsiders were not found. These results extend previous findings about the effect of moral reasoning on bullying in primary school. The implications for the prevention of bullying are discussed.     

Eighteen‐Month‐Olds,but not 14‐Month‐Olds,Use Social Context to Bind Action Sequences

We demonstrate that 18‐month‐olds, but not 14‐month‐olds, can anticipate others' actions based on an interpretation of shared goals that bind together individual actions into a collaborative sequence. After viewing a sequence of actions performed by two people who socially interact, 18‐month‐olds bound together the socially engaged actors' actions such that they later expected the actors to share the same final goal. Eighteen‐month‐olds who saw nonsocially engaged actors did not have this expectation and neither did 14‐month‐olds when viewing either socially or nonsocially engaged actors. The results are discussed in light of the possibility that experience in collaborations could be necessary for understanding collaboration from a third‐person perspective.