“Farewell to the Cold War”： the historical implications of China＇s normalizing its relations with the Soviet Union

从中国与冷战关系的角度看,中苏关系正常化的进程反映了中国对外政策逐步摆脱冷战时期形成的战略思维框架,以及中国决策层在改革开放中逐步形成和丰富起来的外交新理念。建国初期,中国领导人选择的发展战略是追随苏联的模式,对外政策则选择了“一边倒”与苏联结盟。经历了近三十年的动荡与波折,中国领导人终于提出了“中国特色的社会主义道路”,并选择了“独立自主的不结盟的和平外交”,这标志着自1950年代末以来,中国的国家发展战略与外交政策终于又一次实现了根本性的协调,其结果就是“告别冷战”。     

SPECIAL ISSUE： MIGRANT WORKERS IN THE COURSE OF URBANIZATION The upbringing and education of migrant workers＇ children in the Pearl River Delta

随着过去20年来中国农村劳动力向城市的大规模转移,进城务工的农民工多数都把子女留在家乡,部分子女跟随父母到了城市。无论是“留守”还是“流动”,这些农民工子女的抚育和教育问题一直都是社会和学界关心的重要问题之一。本文试图通过对2006年“珠三角”3000多名农民工的调查资料中反映的有关农民工子女的抚育和教育方式的分析,理解农民工子女“留守”家乡和“流动”到城市的影响因素,发现在控制了农民工个人和家庭因素之后,农民工来源地的区域差异仍然是影响他们的子女“留守”或“流动”的重要因素。“地区性壁垒”存在的原因和机制是一个值得进一步深入探讨的问题。     

SPECIAL ISSUE： CULTURAL PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES IN CHINA：Reflections on philosophy of culture in China

文化哲学已经成为中国哲学研究的热点,但还处于起步、初创、泛化而不精细的阶段,目前至少存在着实证性的,不自觉的,非反思的,知识学的,范式性的等几种文化哲学类型。造成中国文化哲学研究泛化和多样化特征的直接原因在于,它的兴起面临着复杂多样的文化景观和丰富多样的思想理论资源,而深层原因在于,尚未真正实现从意识哲学向文化哲学的范式转变,深化中国文化哲学研究的首要任务是推动理论范式的自觉,避免把文化哲学理解为一种部门哲学,而把它定位于一种通过回归文化而真正回归生活世界的哲学范式,一种新的历史解释模式。     

SPECIAL ISSUE： GLOBALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY CHINESE CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION：Contemporary Chinese cultural construction and advanced culture

当代中国先进文化是作为当代世界先进文化的一个有机组成部分的文化,是把批判性地汲取一切外国文化的优秀成分和本国传统文化的优秀成分有机结合起来的文化,是超越“现代性”与“后现代性”之争的文化。这是“当代中国先进文化”三个相互联系的规定。“当代中国先进文化”的其他规定都是这三个相互联系规定的逻辑展开。全面、正确把握“当代中国先进文化”具有世界历史性意义的这三个相互联系的规定对于我们明确当代中国文化建设的世界历史方式以及中国文化创新的路径,具有重要的方法论意义。     

SPECIAL ISSUE： GLOBALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY CHINESE CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION：Chinese culture： self-awareness and self-confidence

所谓文化力,就是文化生命力所在,亦即文化不是作为客体（对象）方式存在,而足作为上体方式存在。我们需要新的文化自觉和新的文化自信。全球化有两方面：一是国际化,二是世界化。全球化的这种双重性决定了开发利用国际文化资源重塑中国文化和开发利用中国文化资源重塑世界文化的双重性任务。同时,全球化的这种双重性还决定了跨文化的双重性。中国应对全球化的文化发展战略的根据就在于此。     

中国国际服务贸易统计建设的背景与基本框架

摘　　要:随着世界经济的发展以及产业结构的调整,国际服务贸易得到迅猛发展,在一国经济中的地位越来越重要。然而各国国际服务贸易统计体系相对落后,不能为国家宏观管理提供有效信息,在此背景下,如何进行国际服务贸易统计就成为国际性研究探索的课题。本文简要综述了国际服务贸易以及国际服务贸易统计的进展,进而分析了中国建立全面国际服务贸易统计的必要性和基础,最后在借鉴国际规范和美国等先进国家经验基础上,结合中国实际,提出了“中国国际服务贸易统计”的基本框架。     

Challenges in Development and Implementation of Health‐Risk‐Based Soil Quality Guidelines: Turkey's Experience

Management of contaminated sites is a critical environmental issue around the world due to the human health risk involved for many sites and scarcity of funding. Moreover, clean‐up costs of all contaminated sites to their background levels with existing engineering technologies may be financially infeasible and demand extended periods of operation time. Given these constraints, to achieve optimal utilization of available funds and prioritization of contaminated sites that need immediate attention, health‐risk‐based soil quality guidelines should be preferred over the traditional soil quality standards. For these reasons, traditional soil quality standards are being replaced by health‐risk‐based ones in many countries and in Turkey as well. The need for health‐risk‐based guidelines is clear, but developing these guidelines and implementation of them in contaminated site management is not a straightforward process. The goal of this study is to highlight the problems that are encountered at various stages of the development process of risk‐based soil quality guidelines for Turkey and how they are dealt with. Utilization of different definitions and methodologies at different countries, existence of inconsistent risk assessment tools, difficulties in accessing relevant documents and reports, and lack of specific data required for Turkey are among these problems. We believe that Turkey's experience may help other countries that are planning to develop health‐risk‐based guidelines achieve their goals in a more efficient manner.     

Call Center Delay Announcement Using a Newsvendor‐Like Performance Criterion

The problem of estimating delays experienced by customers with different priorities, and the determination of the appropriate delay announcement to these customers, in a multi‐class call center with time varying parameters, abandonments, and retrials is considered. The system is approximately modeled as an M(t)/M/s(t) queue with priorities, thus ignoring some of the real features like abandonments and retrials. Two delay estimators are proposed and tested in a series of simulation experiments. Making use of actual state‐dependent waiting time data from this call center, the delay announcements from the estimated delay distributions that minimize a newsvendor‐like cost function are considered. The performance of these announcements is also compared to announcing the mean delay. We find that an Erlang distribution‐based estimator performs well for a range of different under‐announcement penalty to over‐announcement penalty ratios.     

西安市“十二五”工业发展思路研究

立足西安工业发展现状及存在的问题,在总结其他副省级工业发展经验的基础上,提出:"十二五"西安工业发展思路应着力于"四化",即"工业结构高度化,军民产业融合化,工业发展集群化,工业布局合理化",重点打造十大主导产业和五大产业发展区域。对应于"四化"目标,西安市工业发展需强调四个方面的发展策略。     

Expected utility from additive utility on semigroups

In the present paper we study the framework of additive utility theory, obtaining new results derived from a concurrence of algebraic and topological techniques. Such techniques lean on the concept of a connected topological totally ordered semigroup. We achieve a general result concerning the existence of continuous and additive utility functions on completely preordered sets endowed with a binary operation ``+', not necessarily being commutative or associative. In the final part of the paper we get some applications to expected utility theory, and a representation theorem for a class of complete preorders on a quite general family of real mixture spaces.