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71.
Ronald Mincy Irwin Garfinkel Lenna Nepomnyaschy 《Journal of marriage and the family》2005,67(3):611-626
This article assesses the effectiveness of in‐hospital paternity establishment, a federal requirement since 1993. We avoid biases in previous studies by using a national sample of nonmarital births (N= 3,254), by including detailed controls for characteristics of unwed mothers and previously unavailable controls for characteristics of fathers, and by estimating reduced form models of the effects of strong paternity establishment regimes. We find that paternity establishment rates are now quite high—69%—and that 6 of 7 paternities are established in the hospital. Even after controlling for previously unavailable characteristics, establishing paternity (in and outside the hospital) is significantly and positively associated with formal and informal child support payments and father‐child visitation. These results hold up in the reduced form models. 相似文献
72.
Yolanda Mu
oz Maldonado Joan G. Staniswalis Louis N. Irwin Donna Byers 《Revue canadienne de statistique》2002,30(3):373-381
The authors propose a method for comparing two samples of curves. The notion of similarity between two curves is the basis of three statistics they suggest for testing the null hypothesis of no difference between the two groups. They exploit standard tools from functional data analysis to preprocess the observed curves and use the permutation distribution under the null hypothesis to obtain p‐values for their tests. They explore the operating characteristics of these tests through simulations and as an application, compare the ganglioside distribution in brain tissue between old and young rats. 相似文献
73.
This paper examines trends in child support award rates, award amounts, and receipts, We investigate four hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the downward trend in these outcomes during the 1980s: (1) changes in the demographic composition of the population eligible for child support, (2) increases in mothers/ income, (3) decreases in fathers’ income, and (4) inflation. Our results indicate that trends in nonmarital fertility can explain much of the decline in award rates. The steady downward trend in fathers’ incomes during the 1980s also explains a considerable portion of the decline in award rates, award amounts, and receipts. Our results are also consistent with the notion that persistent money illusion is responsible for the decline in real child support awards. 相似文献
74.
Patrick H. Irwin Allen Gottlieb Simon Kramer Barbara Danoff 《Social indicators research》1982,10(2):187-210
(1) Comparison of patients with a national sample reveals no difference in income (adjusted for inflation), marital status and education level but patients, who are typically older, are more often retired or disabled. (2) Overall, perceived quality of life is nearly the same for patients and national sample; apparent differences can be readily explained by factors other than cancer or its treatment. (3) While some minor differences among patients were found as a function of their site of cancer, treatment modality, or health status, no evidence was found of significant detrimental effects due to radiation therapy or perceived quality of life. (4) Contrary to expectations of deteriorated quality of life, compared to the national baselines the patients are actually more satisfied with their lives as a whole. 相似文献
75.
Assortative mating is of interest to both theoretical and applied social scientists. Previous research is based almost entirely
on married couples and parents. In this paper we use data from the NSFG to examine assortative mating among unmarried parents
in the US and to examine the robustness of estimates of nonresident fathers' income based on assortative mating assumptions.
We find that never married parents are similar, though not identical, to married parents in their choice of partners. White
unmarried women are much more likely to have a child with a non-white male than white married women. On the other hand, unmarried
women are more likely than married women to have a child with a more educated male.
Received: 31 May 2000/Accepted: 2 January 2001 相似文献
76.
“Doubling up” (living with relatives or nonkin) is a common source of support for low-income families, yet no study to date has estimated its economic value relative to other types of public and private support. Using longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we examine the prevalence and economic value of doubling up among families with young children living in large American cities. We find that doubling up is a very important part of the private safety net in the first few years of a child’s life, with nearly 50 % of mothers reporting at least one instance of doubling up by the time their child is 9 years old. The estimated rental savings from doubling up is significant and comparable in magnitude to other public and private transfers. 相似文献
77.
Jason D. Coleman Jay A. Irwin Ryan C. Wilson Henry C. Miller 《Journal of homosexuality》2014,61(8):1152-1171
Limited quantitative information exists about the demographics and needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons in South Carolina, a predominately rural Southern state. Responses to a needs assessment survey (n = 715) were analyzed to understand the diversity and needs of members of the LGBT community in SC. The purpose was to inform future programming and guide the development of a more comprehensive portfolio of services to be offered by a local LGBT community center. Findings suggest that a diverse LGBT community exists in SC and needs include increased programming for community members as well as efforts to provide policy-level support and increased acceptability and understanding of LGBT persons in South Carolina. 相似文献
78.
When a simulation or Monte Carlo analysis uses the same set of N samples as input for the comparison of the power of tests, the resulting estimates of power are highly correlated. As a result, the statistical analysis of these results should use weighted least squares or other equivalent procedures. A reanalysis of one simulation study (Thode et al., 1983) found that the weighted least squares estimates had much smaller standard errors than the ordinary least squares estimates. The reduction in the standard errors of the parameters was a factor between 4 and 9 for the tests found to be more powerful. The necessary calculations are described. 相似文献
79.
We discuss the case of the multivariate linear model Y = XB + E with Y an (n × p) matrix, and so on, when there are missing observations in the Y matrix in a so-called nested pattern. We propose an analysis that arises by incorporating the predictive density of the missing observations in determining the posterior distribution of B, and its mean and variance matrix. This involves us with matric-T variables. The resulting analysis is illustrated with some Canadian economic data. 相似文献
80.
High rates of incarceration among American men, coupled with high rates of fatherhood among men in prison, have motivated
recent research on the effects of parental imprisonment on children’s development. We use data from the Fragile Families and
Child Wellbeing Study to examine the relationship between paternal incarceration and developmental outcomes for approximately
3,000 urban children. We estimate cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models that control not only for fathers’ basic
demographic characteristics and a rich set of potential confounders, but also for several measures of pre-incarceration child
development and family fixed effects. We find significant increases in aggressive behaviors and some evidence of increased
attention problems among children whose fathers are incarcerated. The estimated effects of paternal incarceration are stronger
than those of other forms of father absence, suggesting that children with incarcerated fathers may require specialized support
from caretakers, teachers, and social service providers. The estimated effects are stronger for children who lived with their
fathers prior to incarceration but are also significant for children of nonresident fathers, suggesting that incarceration
places children at risk through family hardships including and beyond parent-child separation. 相似文献