关于建设施工中转包及分包若干问题的探讨

我国现行《建筑业企业资质等级标准》不能满足建筑市场进一步细分的要求,加之工程招投标中资质高消费现象普遍存在,导致一大部分资质等级低的企业不能通过招投标直接从招标人手中承接业务,这就为工程非法转包、违法分包提供了巨大的市场。非法转包与违法分包间存在相似性,这为准确鉴别、认定二者带来较大难度。在实践过程中,施工企业及相关部门应多角度、多方式做好对该类行为的鉴别和认定,更需要各级政府加强建筑施工市场的各项措施,从源头上杜绝非法转包及违法分包的行为。     

A System of Sustainability Indicators for the Province of Thai Binh,Vietnam

Sustainable Development is a broad and universal concept. Indicators are a basis to measure sustainability and to direct policies that aim to achieve a better quality of life. Thai Binh, a coastal province in North Vietnam is strongly concerned about strategic sustainability development. To select a system of sustainability indicators, the Delphi method was applied in 2012. A two-round questionnaire was organized to use with 32 experts, who acted as participants. 69 indicators were selected from 98 listed indicators: 15 related to economic development, 5 to the sea and coastal zone, 1 to the global economic partnership, 4 to consumption and production patterns, 7 to poverty, 3 to governance, 9 to health, 4 to education, 3 to demographics, 2 to natural hazards, 5 to atmosphere, 7 to land, and 3 to freshwater. Conversely, 29 other indicators were rejected. The Delphi method allows indicator selection for identification of the process of sustainability. The system of indicators, as the first important step of the sustainable development process, provides useful information for decision makers and planners as well sustainability strategy. It is planned that the indicators selected should be applied in the province.     

皖东地区非物质文化遗产的分类保护及传承

皖东地区非物质文化遗产较为丰富,按照联合国教科文组织和我国政府对非物质文化遗产的分类标准,已被列入滁州市级以上的非物质遗产名录的项目共计49项。以往保护非物质文化遗产的理论、手段、范围与力度,也已不能适应皖东地区人文旅游发展的客观现实。目前皖东地区在开展非遗保护工作中存在资金不足、人才匮乏、受众性不强、原真性缺失等问题。根据皖东地区有代表性的非遗项目的各自不同特点,提出民间美术观赏类,民间音乐、歌舞、曲艺、戏曲、杂技等表演类,传统手工技艺类,民俗类非遗项目因类而宜的保护传承策略。     

论普选后香港政党发展趋势与核心理念

普选,一方面使政党融合于民主政制,提高其政治地位而又不破坏行政之政治中立,促使其加强理论规划、组织建设和文选造势,借助政治自由的环境以扩大政治影响力;另一方面,使政党以关注民生为核心理念,针对贫富分化加剧的问题,基于香港的财政实力,成为社会保障"新政"的推动力。政党旨在提高社会福利支出的同时,推动制定既保护中上阶层利益,又倾向于低收入和劳工阶层的生存的立法和决策,并巩固和壮大中产阶级,避免"民主赤字",追求税负公平和多元利益平衡。     

文化视角下中美两国大学社会责任的比较

文化是大学承担社会责任不可忽视的因素和动力。大学社会责任的确立与履行,不应疏远文化,反而更应该融入其中。从文化视角来理解中美两国大学在履行社会责任时的差异,并从社会文化、组织文化两个层面和多种维度对中关两国大学的社会责任进行比较研究,可以得出一些有价值的结论。这将有助于我国大学在未来承担社会责任的过程中,重视“文化的力量”,当这种促进大学社会责任的新文化能够真正贯穿于大学的政策、制度、理念乃至组织上下的时候,大学的社会责任才会实现。     

Surveillance of the covariance matrix of multivariate nonlinear time series

In this paper, sequential procedures for the surveillance of the covariance matrices of multivariate nonlinear time series are introduced. Two different types of control charts are proposed. The first type is based on the exponential smoothing of each component of a local measure for the covariances. The control statistic is equal to the Mahalanobis distance of this quantity with its in-control mean. In our second approach, the Mahalanobis distance is first determined and after that it is exponentially smoothed. We discuss three examples of local measures.

Several properties of the proposed schemes are discussed assuming the target process to be generated by a multivariate GARCH(1, 1) model. The generalization to the family of spherical distributions allows the modelling of frequently observed fat tails in financial data. Some results of an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study are provided in order to judge the performance of the presented control schemes. As a performance measure we use the average run length. An empirical example illustrates the importance of the fast detection of the changes in the covariance structure of the returns of financial assets.     

Testing Hypotheses for Variance Components in Mixed Linear Models

In the paper the problem of testing hypotheses for variance components in mixed linear models is considered. It is assumed that covariance matrices commute after using the usual invariance procedure with respect to the group of translations. The test for vanishing of single variance component is based on the locally best quadratic unbiased estimator of this component and rejects hypothesis if the ratio of positive and negative part of this estimator is sufficiently large. The power of this test with powers of other four tests for two-way classification models corresponding to block design is compared.     

A fast Monte Carlo expectation–maximization algorithm for estimation in latent class model analysis with an application to assess diagnostic accuracy for cervical neoplasia in women with atypical glandular cells

In this article, we use a latent class model (LCM) with prevalence modeled as a function of covariates to assess diagnostic test accuracy in situations where the true disease status is not observed, but observations on three or more conditionally independent diagnostic tests are available. A fast Monte Carlo expectation–maximization (MCEM) algorithm with binary (disease) diagnostic data is implemented to estimate parameters of interest; namely, sensitivity, specificity, and prevalence of the disease as a function of covariates. To obtain standard errors for confidence interval construction of estimated parameters, the missing information principle is applied to adjust information matrix estimates. We compare the adjusted information matrix-based standard error estimates with the bootstrap standard error estimates both obtained using the fast MCEM algorithm through an extensive Monte Carlo study. Simulation demonstrates that the adjusted information matrix approach estimates the standard error similarly with the bootstrap methods under certain scenarios. The bootstrap percentile intervals have satisfactory coverage probabilities. We then apply the LCM analysis to a real data set of 122 subjects from a Gynecologic Oncology Group study of significant cervical lesion diagnosis in women with atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance to compare the diagnostic accuracy of a histology-based evaluation, a carbonic anhydrase-IX biomarker-based test and a human papillomavirus DNA test.     

Performance of Preliminary Test Estimator Under Linex Loss Function

This article describes two bivariate geometric distributions. We investigate characterizations of bivariate geometric distributions using conditional failure rates and study properties of the bivariate geometric distributions. The bivariate models are fitted to real-life data using the Method of Moments, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayes Estimators. Two methods of moments estimators, in each bivariate geometric model, are compared and evaluated for their performance in terms of bias vector and covariance matrix. This comparison is done through a Monte Carlo simulation. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests are used to evaluate model performance.     

鼓励生育政策能否提高生育率? ——基于生育成本缺口递增的视角

中国总和生育率的下降引发调整生育政策的讨论,但鲜有对鼓励生育政策的效果评估与理论解释.通过马斯洛需求层次理论构建生育成本缺口递增假说,并基于世界人口政策数据库与OECD家庭数据库对基于转移支付的鼓励生育政策进行了效果评估,得出如下结论:第一,生育成本是一种动态结构,需求跃迁导致生育成本缺口增速快于收入增速,进而决定鼓励...