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861.
Dans cet article, nous examinons la célèbre thèse de S.M. Lipset, qui affirme que la révolution américaine a créé des differénces durables entre les valeurs canadiennes et américaines. Nous reconsidérons tout d'abord l'affirmation centrale de la thèse selon laquelle l'exode des loyalistes vers le Canada a ancré de façon permanente des systémes de valeurs distincts dans les deux sociétés. Notre analyse suggère que, au sein de la population générate, les loyalistes n'ont joué qu'un rôle négligeable dans la promotion de différences fondamentales. Nous comparons ensuite les deux sociétés sur le plan historique en utilisant plusieurs indicateurs ‐ classes sociales et structure économique, compositions ethnique et religieuse, modèles d'immigration et d'urbanisation, culture et organisation politiqUes ‐ afin de cerner des divergences importantes dans l'expérience et le milieu dans lequel vivaient les deux peuples, divergences qui auraient pu favoriser ces différences. Nous concluons que les deux populations se ressemblaient étonnamment, ce qui sous‐entend qu'elles partageaient probablement le même quotidien, les mêmes perspectives et valeurs au cours de la période révolutionnaire et pendant plusieurs dizaines d'années par la suite. This paper examines S.M. Lipset's widely known thesis that the American Revolution engendered lasting differences in Canadian and American values. We first reconsider the key claim of the thesis: that the Loyalist exodus to Canada permanently entrenched distinct value systems in the two societies. Our analysis indicates that, within the general population, the Loyalists had a negligible effect in promoting core differences. We then compare the two societies historically on several indicators—class and economic structure, ethnic and religious composition, immigration and urbanization patterns, and political culture and organization—to identify significant divergences in the peoples' backgrounds and experiences that may have promoted major differences. We find that the two populations were strikingly alike, suggesting that their everyday lives, outlooks, and values were probably quite similar during the Revolutionary era and for several decades afterward. 相似文献
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Sociological Forum - 相似文献
865.
James O’Brien 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2018,56(1):51-81
The value of a statistical life (VSL) is used to assign a dollar value to the benefits of health and safety regulations. Many of those regulations disproportionately benefit older people, but most estimates of the VSL come from hedonic wage regressions with few older workers and no retirees. Using automobile purchase decisions, I estimate a VSL for individuals from the age of 18 up to the age of 85. Combining information on vehicle holdings and use, household attributes, used vehicle prices, crash test results, and yearly fatal accidents for each make, model, and vintage automobile, I calculate a separate willingness to pay for reduced mortality for different age groups. I find a significant inverted-U shape to the age-VSL function that ranges from $1.5 to $19.2 million (in 2009 dollars). The shape and magnitude of the vehicle-based age-VSL relationship corroborate labor market estimates and extend the age range of revealed preference evidence on the relationship between age and the VSL. 相似文献
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Food safety concerns and the demand for organically grown produce have increased significantly in the United States over the last decade. Key differences in lifestyle characteristics, food safety attitudes and beliefs, perceived food safety risks, and valuation of health risk reductions between organic and conventional food buyers remain largely unknown, however. To better characterize how buyers of organic fresh produce differ from their conventional counterparts, over 700 food shoppers were sampled from ten major retail stores in the Boston area. Survey results show that self-reported organic buyers are more likely than conventional buyers to engage in a variety of health-promoting and environmentally friendly behaviors. Organic buyers are less trusting of federal food safety agencies than are conventional buyers, and perceive greater benefits associated with organically grown produce than do their conventional counterparts. Further, organic buyers have significantly higher risk perceptions than do conventional buyers for food safety hazards associated with conventionally grown produce. Compared to conventional buyers, organic produce buyers also perceive significant risk reductions associated with switching to organically grown produce and are willing to pay a higher price to reduce perceived food safety risks. Few sociodemographic differences between buyer types were observed, possibly due to how organic and conventional food stores were matched. Survey findings highlight the need for greater public education about a range of food safety issues and farming practices to ensure that consumers are making informed decisions in the marketplace. 相似文献
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It was hypothesized that males experiencing erectile and/or ejaculatory difficulties would exhibit higher levels of hostility, intrapunitiveness, submis‐siveness, be more sensitive to rejection, and perceive their fate as being dictated largely by external forces (locus of control), when compared to a control group. Similar differences were predicted between the dysfunctional males and their wives. Further predictions were made concerning differences between wives of the dysfunctioning males and the control wives. The sample of 19 dysfunctioning males and their wives were compared with a sample of 25 control males and their wives. All were Israeli Jews. The predicted differences between patients and controls were found for all variables except submissiveness. Sensitivity to rejection and the guilt subtest were particularly important predictors. Patients' wives and control wives differed only in aspects of hostility. The patients were also more sensitive to rejection than their own wives and regarded women to be significantly lower in status. Suggestions for further research and clinical implications of these results are discussed. 相似文献
870.
This note discusses an extension to the score test statistics for overdispersion in Poisson and binomial regression models [Dean, C.B., 1992. Testing for overdispersion in Poisson and binomial regression models. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 87, 451–457]. Examples illustrate the application of the extended results. 相似文献