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71.
David O. Friedrichs 《Qualitative sociology》1981,4(3):217-228
The author examines influences of his personal experience with crime, his ideology, and his theoretical knowledge on his approach to the study of crime. Personal experience led to observations that (a) responses to crime are often gut-level rather than rational, (b) both street crime and the criminal justice system are characterized by incompetence, and (c) the retributive impulse must be considered in the study of crime. The radical ideology of the author led to the conclusion that crime is linked with the structure of the economic system. Finally, the author's scholarly knowledge led to recognition of the importance of the causality/meaning and determinism/voluntarism debates for the study of crime and for policy planning. He concludes that one must recognize the importance of all three sources of one's understanding of crime in order to engage in criminological research.
相似文献
72.
James WH 《Population studies》1977,31(3):581
Abstract Extract I have suggested that at a given birth order the probability of having a further pregnancy is greater when the last pregnancy had been spontaneously aborted than when it resulted in a birth.(2) Léridon,(3)in the course of a valuable paper on foetal wastage, presents data which, according to him, impugn my suggestion. I would like to question his claim. 相似文献
73.
A discussion of the 1980 U.S. census is presented. The authors suggest that the taking of a national census is not just a statistical exercise, but an exercise involving ethics, epistemology, law, and politics. They contend that conducting a national census can be defined as an ill-structured problem in which the various complexities imposed by multidisciplinarity cannot be separated. "The 1980 census is discussed as an ill-structured problem, and a method for treating such problems is presented, within which statistical information is only one component." 相似文献
74.
Public Attitudes Toward Life and Death 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Opinion trends in this country indicate sharp divisions in publicsentiment over a number of life-taking actions. While legalabortion and capital punishment clearly head the list, a numberof other issues have gained national attention in recent years.The present paper explores the structure of belief systems givingrise to normative conflicts of this kind. Of particular interestis the notion of a "pro-life" or other generic life orientation(e.g., the alleged "right-to-die" orientation of those who favor"mercy killings" in the case of terminally ill patients) asa possible explanation for public attitudes toward specificissues such as suicide and euthanasia. The present analysisassesses the empirical claims associated with such a model.The results offer qualified support for the existence of genericvalue orientations as revealed by public attitudes toward legalabortion, suicide, euthanasia, and capital punishment. 相似文献
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The energy problems facing the world have been receiving increasing attention in the press and in business journals. This article examines the attitudes of 224 U.S. business executives toward the energy crisis and examines the role of a corporate energy policy in minimizing the economic impact of future energy price increases and/or shortages. A plan for a corporate energy policy is proposed. 相似文献
77.
The "positivity bias" is a term used to describe the consistentfavorable evaluation of public figures found in surveys overthe past 40 years. This paper explored several possible artifactualexplanations for this bias,focusing on the survey instrumentitself. Two experiments varied the labeling and ordering ofscale endpoints, the affective value of the initial contextevaluated, and the presence or absence of a prestigious jobtitle associated with the nameof the public figure. None ofthe variations produced significantly different levels of positivitythan the standard control condition used in each experiment.RichardR. Lau is a graduate student in social psychology at the Universityof California, Los Angeles. David O. Sears is Professor of Psychologyand Political Science at UCLA. Richard Centers is Professorof Psychology at UCLA. This research was supported in part byGrant #SOC73-09153 A03 from the National Science Foundationto David O. Sears. The authors wish to expess their thanks toMark Williams, who did most of the coding and checking involvedin the survey. 相似文献
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