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501.
Literature and research examining father involvement has focused primarily on outcomes associated with the well-being and development of children. Receiving limited attention in this literature has been the examination of the contextual factors associated with fathers and how these factors shape fathers' involvement with their young children. Addressing this limitation, this study focuses on the intra- and interdependent networks non-marital fathers maintain and utilize in fulfilling their parental responsibilities of father involvement. Results of the regression models indicate that non-marital fathers' relationship with their former spouse or partner and involvement with informal networks is positively associated with their involvement with young children. Policy and practice implications are discussed. 相似文献
502.
Jason T. Carmichael J. Craig Jenkins Robert J. Brulle 《The Sociological quarterly》2012,53(3):422-453
Between the 19th and the mid‐20th century, the environmental movement transformed American culture, forcing a rethinking of the “Manifest Destiny” ideology that had long dominated political thinking toward an understanding of the need to protect and restore the balance between humans and nature. In 1900, there were only a few environmental movement organizations (EMOs), but by 2000, there were over 6,000 national and regional EMOs and over 20,000 local EMOs. What drove this phenomenal growth of EMOs? We examine a 100‐year time series of EMO founding, showing that, in addition to the “legitimation‐and‐competition” effects of organizational density, EMO founding is facilitated by the discourse‐creative activities of critical communities, objective threats in terms of air pollution, foundation giving, and powerful political allies in the presidency and Congress. Environmental discourses also legitimized and competed against one another, favoring “early risers” and preservationist discourse. Environmental mobilization needs to be understood in terms of the creation of new discursive frames that identify environmental problems, as well as objective environmental threats, resources, and political opportunities. 相似文献
503.
504.
In Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT), as in many clinical disciplines, concern surfaces about the clinician/researcher gap. This gap includes a lack of accessible, practical research for clinicians. MFT clinical research often borrows from the medical tradition of randomized control trials, which typically use linear methods, or follow procedures distanced from “real‐world” therapy. We review traditional research methods and their use in MFT and propose increased use of methods that are more systemic in nature and more applicable to MFTs: process research, dyadic data analysis, and sequential analysis. We will review current research employing these methods, as well as suggestions and directions for further research. 相似文献
505.
Much recent literature plumbs the question of the origins and trajectories of “place,” or the cultural development of space-specific
repertoires of action and meaning. This article examines divergence in two “places” that were once quite similar but are now
quite far apart, culturally and politically speaking. Vermont, once considered the “most Republican” state in the United States,
is now generally considered one of its most politically and culturally liberal. New Hampshire, by contrast, has remained politically
and socially quite conservative. Contrasting legacies of tourist promotion, political mobilization, and public policy help
explain the divergence between states. We hypothesize that emerging stereotypes about a “place” serve to draw sympathetic
residents and visitors to that place, thus reinforcing the salience of those stereotypes and contributing to their reality
over time. We term this latter process idio-cultural migration and argue its centrality to ongoing debates about the accomplishment of place. We also elaborate on several means by which
such place “reputations” are created, transmitted, and maintained. 相似文献
506.
This paper compares Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) outputs at multiple resolutions by interpolating from coarse resolution to fine resolution and analyzing the interpolation difference. Spatial variograms provide a convenient way to investigate the spatial character of interpolation differences and, importantly, to distinguish between naive (nearest neighbor) interpolation and bilinear interpolation, which takes a weighted average of four neighboring cells. For example, when the higher resolution is three times the lower, the variogram of the difference between naive interpolation of the lower resolution output and the higher resolution output shows a depression at every third lag. This phenomenon is related to the blocky nature of naive interpolation and demonstrates the inferiority of naive interpolation to bilinear interpolation in a way that pixelwise comparisons cannot. Theoretical investigations show when one can expect to observe this periodic depression in the variogram of interpolation differences. Naive interpolation is in fact used widely in a number of settings; our results suggest that it should be routinely replaced by bilinear interpolation. 相似文献
507.
Jason Bremner Richard Bilsborrow Caryl Feldacker Flora Lu Holt 《Population and environment》2009,30(3):93-113
Recent research suggests that after decades of population decline, indigenous populations of the lowland tropics of Latin
America are now experiencing rapid growth. At the same time, conservationists have pronounced indigenous lands as a key to
the future of Amazon forests. As such, conservationists should have a good understanding of indigenous demography and impacts
on conservation and development. Yet, there is little depth to understanding of these demographic changes and a dearth of
quantitative research on the reproductive practices of indigenous populations. This study addresses these gaps through analyses
of a household survey of 648 women of reproductive age from five distinct ethnic populations in the Ecuadorian Amazon. We
estimate fertility, analyze reproductive intentions and contraceptive use, and determine the unmet need for reproductive health
services. The analyses confirm high fertility rates and high levels of unmet need for contraception. With regard to program
and policy implications, we conclude by arguing that isolation and cultural barriers present unique challenges to meet the
reproductive health needs of these populations. Innovative approaches, such as those merging population–health–environment
topics, may be most relevant for meeting these challenges.
相似文献
Jason BremnerEmail: |
508.
Failure times are often right-censored and left-truncated. In this paper we give a mass redistribution algorithm for right-censored and/or left-truncated failure time data. We show that this algorithm yields the Kaplan-Meier estimator of the survival probability. One application of this algorithm in modeling the subdistribution hazard for competing risks data is studied. We give a product-limit estimator of the cumulative incidence function via modeling the subdistribution hazard. We show by induction that this product-limit estimator is identical to the left-truncated version of Aalen-Johansen (1978) estimator for the cumulative incidence function. 相似文献
509.
Fengchang Lin Jason P. Fine 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology》2009,71(1):3-23
Summary. We adapt martingale estimating equations based on gap time information to a general intensity model for a single realization of a modulated renewal process. The consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimators is proved under ergodicity conditions. Previous work has considered either parametric likelihood analysis or semiparametric multiplicative models using partial likelihood. The framework is generally applicable to semiparametric and parametric models, including additive and multiplicative specifications, and periodic models. It facilitates a semiparametric extension of a popular parametric earthquake model. Simulations and empirical analyses of Taiwanese earthquake sequences illustrate the methodology's practical utility. 相似文献
510.
We examined associations of fish assemblages and fish traits with urbanization and selected environmental variables in nine
major United States metropolitan areas. The strongest relations between fishes and urbanization occurred in the metropolitan
areas of Atlanta, Georgia; Birmingham, Alabama; Boston, Massachusetts; and Portland, Oregon. In these areas, environmental
variables with strong associations (rs ≥ 0.70) with fish assemblages and fish traits tended to have strong associations with urbanization. Relations of urbanization
with fish assemblages and fish traits were weaker in Denver, Colorado; Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas; Milwaukee-Green Bay, Wisconsin;
and Raleigh, North Carolina. Environmental variables associated with fishes varied among the metropolitan areas. The metropolitan
areas with poor relations may have had a limited range of possible response because of previous landscape disturbances. Given
the complexities of urban landscapes in different metropolitan areas, our results indicate that caution is warranted when
generalizing about biological responses to urbanization. 相似文献