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81.
el-Guebaly N Patten SB Currie S Williams JV Beck CA Maxwell CJ Wang JL 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2006,22(3):275-287
Objective To compare gambling behaviors in a random sample of community residents with and without mental disorders identified by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).Method A large national community survey conducted by Statistics Canada included questions about problems arising from gambling activities as per the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI). We compared respondents within three gambling severity categories (non-problem, low severity and moderate/high severity gambling) across three diagnostic groupings (mood/anxiety disorders, substance dependence/harmful alcohol use, no selected psychiatric disorder).Results Of the 14,934 respondents age 18–64 years who engaged in at least one type of gambling activity in the previous 12 months, 5.8% fell in the low severity gambling category while 2.9% fell in the moderate/high severity category. Females accounted for 51.7% of the sample. The risk of moderate/high severity gambling was 1.7 times higher in persons with mood or anxiety disorder compared to persons with no selected disorder. For persons with substance dependence or harmful alcohol use, the risk of moderate/high severity gambling was 2.9 times higher. Persons with both mood/anxiety and substance/alcohol disorders were five times more likely to be moderate/high severity gamblers. The odds ratio for females was 0.6 and for those with less than post-secondary education it was 1.52. Differences in age and personal income were not significant.Conclusions Individuals in the community suffering from mood/anxiety disorders and substance dependence/harmful alcohol, and especially those with both, experience a higher risk for gambling problems. The treatment of these comorbidities should be integrated into any problem gambling treatment program.Disclaimer: The data upon which of the analyses contained in this paper derive from surveys conducted by Statistics Canada. The opinions expressed in this paper do not represent the opinions of Statistics Canada. 相似文献
82.
Although sociological research has examined how state symbolism binds citizens together and creates allegiance, little attention
has been paid to how such symbols are selected. We investigate the adoption of state flowers in the United States. Seemingly
unproblematic processes surrounding the selection of floral emblems can, under certain circumstances, involve heated symbolic
politics. The default option of selecting a native flower, naturalizing the state, can be overcome by materialist or cultural
interests that invest cultivated flowers with symbolic potency. In-depth case studies of three states where battles were waged
over the state flower reveal that the battle lines were material and symbolic, demonstrating that apparently “authentic” representations
of nature can be trumped by factional and subcultural interests.
相似文献
Gary Alan Fine (Corresponding author)Email: |
83.
Fine LE 《Journal of homosexuality》2011,58(4):521-546
This work investigates how American college students make meaning of the heterosexism and homophobia they encounter in their daily lives. Through interviews and a focus group with 23 out lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) college students, analysis yielded four themes: the overwhelming majority of students minimized incidences of heterosexism and homophobia; there was a desire on the part of many respondents to develop an identity apart from, rather than integrated with, sexual identity; the campus climate was generally portrayed as positive; and some participants expressed resistance, suggesting that heterosexism and homophobia can be countered. 相似文献
84.
Married women continue to spend more time doing housework than men and economic resources influence women’s housework more
strongly than men’s. To explain this, gender theorists point to how gender figures into identities, family interactions, and
societal norms and opportunity structures. The extent of this configuration varies culturally and, in the United States, by
race-ethnicity because of how race-ethnicity conditions access to resources and influences gender relations within marriages.
Housework levels and gender differences may be lower in Black married couples compared to other couples because of Black women’s
higher historical levels of employment and consequently long-standing need to balance work and family responsibilities. Race-ethnicity
also likely conditions the symbolic meaning and thus association of economic resources and housework. We use pooled time diary
data from the 2003 to 2007 American Time Use Study from 26,795 married women and men to investigate how and why race-ethnicity
influences housework. Our results indicate Hispanic and Asian women do more cooking and cleaning compared with White and Black
women and the inverse relationship between women’s earnings and housework is steeper for Hispanic women compared with other
women. We find no evidence that married Black men devote more time to housework than White men, either core or occasional,
unlike earlier studies. 相似文献
85.
The suicide rate among American adolescents between the ages of 14-25 has dramatically increased during the last 50 years, and this fact has been the focus of extensive social-scientific investigation. To date, however, research focusing on the joint effects of mental health, family, and contextual-level predictors on adolescents' suicidal behaviors is scarce. Drawing on Durkheim's classic macro-level approach to suicide and collective efficacy theory, we use data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) to examine the effect of informal social controls on adolescents' suicide attempts. Analyzing reports from 990 youth, we examine the hypothesis that neighborhood-level collective efficacy and family-level integration and social control independently affect suicide attempts. We also examine the extent to which they interact in their effects on suicidal behavior. Overall, results from multilevel logit models support the Durkheimian expectation that family attachment reduces the probability that adolescents will attempt suicide. The effect of collective efficacy is interactive in nature. Specifically, we find that collective efficacy significantly enhances the protective effect of family attachment and support on adolescent suicidal behaviors. We discuss findings within the context of social control theory. 相似文献
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88.
Mildred Ramirez Joy Solomon Marlene Riquelme Brooke Santoro Daniel Reingold Jeanne A. Teresi 《Journal of elder abuse & neglect》2019,31(1):38-55
Barriers for enhanced detection, identification, and reporting of elder abuse include the paucity of appropriate, valid, easily administered screening tools. This article describes the qualitative methods used in the development of the Weinberg Center Risk and Abuse Prevention Screen (WC-RAPS), and of its Spanish version. Focus groups and cognitive interviews were instrumental in identifying problematic items, underscoring potential response errors, and informing about putative causes for divergent interpretations of item-intent. Seven of the 11 original items were modified, a double-barreled item was segregated into two, one item deleted, and three additional items included to create the final 13 WC-RAPS items. The multi-step approach implemented for the Spanish conversion evidenced deviation from the original intended meaning for one item. The readability for English and Spanish versions was also assessed. Screening for elder abuse, if implemented systematically can be instrumental in identifying unrecognized abuse and preventing reoccurrence. 相似文献
89.
90.
Fine M 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2003,29(3):339-351
This article explores the author's experiences with the concepts of power and competition as they intersect with aspects of reflecting team practices in academic settings. It draws upon Bishop's (2002) work, the elements of which are based on Starhawk's (1987) ideas of power with and power over. The article describes how competition and other power over practices of domination might unfold and intersect with reflecting-team practices. It is proposed that a power over practice, such as competition, which is prevalent in our society and universities, can be incompatible with the collaborative nature of reflecting teams. Suggestions for addressing the dissonance between the environment and reflecting team practice are offered. 相似文献