论违约责任和侵权责任的竞合处理

违约责任与侵权责任是两种性质不同的民事责任,侵权责任保护的是固有利益,在合同签定、履行过程中可能有侵权性违约行为、违约性侵权行为发生,从而会产生违约责任和侵权责任竞合的情形。合理分析和处理违约责任和侵权责任竞合的不同情形,对最大限度地维护当事人的合法权益会起到积极作用。     

从人类的发展诉求到科学发展观

发展是人类的诉求,人类的历史就是在自然和社会力量的压迫下,从一种屈从地位走出来的发展历史。当人类逐渐成为自然和自己主人的时候,人类也面对着发展的困境,面对着发展所带来的人口、资源、环境、社会和谐等一系列问题。中国自改革开放以来,经济高速增长,工业化、城市化迅猛发展,同样也面对这些问题。这些问题在很大程度上是对发展的片面追求所致,因此只有坚持科学发展观,我们才能解决发展中的问题,实现真正的发展。     

论外语教学中语言输出的客观标准

语言输出的客观标准是准确与流利,准确与流利的关系问题是外语教学的重要课题.以翻译法为代表的传统教学法强调准确性,创建于20世纪70年代的交际教学法则强调流利性.不同的教学流派对学生学习语言过程中出现错误的态度亦不同,双方各有所长,寻求其可行的最佳平衡点,是外语教学必须面对的现实.     

近现代世界通用语的变迁--以法语、英语为例

语言在国际事务中的地位通常与一个民族、一个国家的政治、经济、文化的兴衰有着密切的联系。如果某国家政治、经济、文化实力强大,在国际事务中发挥主导作用,其语言在国际交往中也处于主导地位。因此从世界通用语的更替,可以窥视国际舞台大国的兴衰。18世纪法国在欧洲大陆的称霸,使法语成为重要的近代世界通用语。法语成为欧洲各国上层社会的语言,也是国际的外交语言。随着英国的壮大,英语又成为世界通用语。但英语取代法语,成为世界通用语却经历了漫长的过程。其中美国的发展促进了英语的传播并且维护了英语的国际地位,还促使英语成为全球通用语。     

Parental Leave Policies and Second Births: A Comparison of Czechia and Slovakia

Population Research and Policy Review - The paper investigates the transition to second births in Czechia and Slovakia in the context of the development of parental leave policies since the...     

Life Satisfaction of Rural Migrant Workers in Urban China: The Roles of Community Service Participation and Identity Integration

Abstract

China is home to approximately 245 million rural-to-urban migrant workers. The influx of migrants into urban areas has posed various challenges for local social service systems. Recently, increasing number of community services have been developed to meet the growing service demands from the migrant population. However, whether increase in community service use results in improved wellbeing among migrant workers remains critically unexplored. As such, this study examines the role of community service use in migrant workers’ life satisfaction and the potential mediating effect of identity integration in Shenzhen, China. Bootstrapped models were adopted to examine relationship among variables. Drawing from a sample of 1,087 rural-to-urban migrant workers, we found that community service use is positively correlated with both identity integration and migrant workers’ life satisfaction. Moreover, identity integration served as a partial mediator between community service use and life satisfaction. The mediating effect of identity integration was found to increase with age. This study highlights that diverse services should be implemented to address divergent needs of migrants in different age groups. Community service can also serve as a vehicle to foster integration among migrant workers in host communities, especially for older age groups. Future studies may further investigate the relationships between community social capital, community social support, quality of community-based organization and frequency of service use so as to optimize the life satisfaction of migrant workers.     

The effect of paid maternity leave on low-income families' welfare use in the US

Despite the critical role that paid maternity leave can assume in the economic lives of low-income families, research to date has paid insufficient attention to whether paid maternity leave reduces welfare use for low-income families. Using the Current Population Survey (CPS) March Supplement 2007–2014 with the difference-in-difference (DiD) technique, this study finds a significant policy effect of paid maternity leave on reducing the probability of using Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), TANF benefit amounts and TANF participation length. This study confirms that paid maternity leave is likely to prevent low-income families from using welfare during job interruptions stemming from the birth of a child. Given that TANF is often associated with negative political and social connotations, paid maternity leave can be used as an important social policy to improve economic security as well as offer empowerment in overall social standing for low-income mothers. The discussion focuses on the implications of the findings in a broader context of American welfare states.     

京津冀协同发展背景下安国市城镇体系发展对策分析

京津冀协同发展为保定市发展带来了机会,保定市也为此作出积极准备,提出“城市向北”和“一城三星一淀”的重要举措。安国市是保定市辖区内发展较好的县级城市,在“大保定”南侧区域城镇化进程中发挥着重要作用。安国市可以依托产业优势和区位优势逐步发展成为保定市南部的子中心城市,与西部的定州市相融合,成为保定市南部的“双子中心”,在构建“京津石三角形”过程中发挥节点城市作用。安国市的行政区划特征适合以同心圆方式进行城镇化,这需要以构建南北方向和东西方向的主干交通线为前提,并在行政区划内构建辐射状的交通网络,将镇级中心地连接在一起,以“马蹄”形层级城镇体系为基础提升整个区域的城镇化水平。     

国有企业多重委托代理结构中的合谋现象研究

本文从契约理论的角度分析国有企业中合谋问题产生的原因以及解决方法。中国在经济转轨时期,由于信息不对称和不完全契约的存在,导致寻租行为和代理人恶意合谋行为的大量产生。解决契约双方恶意合谋的出路在于完善国有企业的治理结构,培育竞争性经理市场,加大监督和惩罚的力度,从而保证现有委托代理体系健康运行。     

制度创新的"亚"形态与可能路径--对我国股份合作制改革的一个历史判断

从宏观的角度看,由于社会经济发展的实质是技术或基本生产函数的不断创新,制度促进经济发展或阻碍经济发展的实质,也就是制度能否使社会的创造力充分释放出来,从而不断推动技术及基本生产函数的创新。制度的价值在于它能为经济活动提供一种稳定的长期服务,凭借它,人们可以对经济活动产生长期的预期。因此,人们选择一种制度并使其在历史过程中延续下去,必然意味着人们不断地对其做长期的利益投入并对其抱以长期的收益预期。