Bootstrapping unit root tests with covariates

We consider the bootstrap method for the covariates augmented Dickey–Fuller (CADF) unit root test suggested in Hansen (1995 Hansen, B. E. (1995). Rethinking the univariate approach to unit root testing: Using covariates to increase power. \ Econometric Theory 11:1148–1171.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) which uses related variables to improve the power of univariate unit root tests. It is shown that there are substantial power gains from including correlated covariates. The limit distribution of the CADF test, however, depends on the nuisance parameter that represents the correlation between the equation error and the covariates. Hence, inference based directly on the CADF test is not possible. To provide a valid inferential basis for the CADF test, we propose to use the parametric bootstrap procedure to obtain critical values, and establish the asymptotic validity of the bootstrap CADF test. Simulations show that the bootstrap CADF test significantly improves the asymptotic and the finite sample size performances of the CADF test, especially when the covariates are highly correlated with the error. Indeed, the bootstrap CADF test offers drastic power gains over the conventional unit root tests. Our testing procedures are applied to the extended Nelson and Plosser data set.     

Assistant professors of color confront the inequitable terrain of academia: a community cultural wealth perspective

Abstract

This qualitative study adopted Yosso’s community cultural wealth (CCW) framework to examine how 16 assistant professors of color (APOC) drew upon various forms of capital (navigational, aspirational, social, resistant, linguistic, familial) to deal with racism and marginalization in academia. Findings revealed how APOC: dealt with students’ stereotypes of them, maintained their authentic selves to make academia more accessible and relevant, persevered with integrity despite hostility or marginalization, self-advocated for quality mentorship, and engaged in strategic service while avoiding cultural taxation and tokenism. Findings highlighted the positive cultural assets APOC enact within the academy while reiterating the need to address racist and marginalizing policies and practices in higher education. Variations in experiences based on gender and international status that can be explored further in future research also emerged. Working at a Hispanic-serving institution (HSI) also did not eliminate or lessen racist or marginalizing experiences for participants.     

Urgent engagement in 9/11 pregnant widows and their infants: Transmission of trauma

The potential effects of maternal trauma on mother–infant interaction remain insufficiently studied empirically. This study examined the effects of the September 11, 2001, trauma on mother–infant interaction in mothers who were pregnant and widowed on 9/11, and their infants aged 4–6 months. Split‐screen videotaped interaction was coded on a one‐second basis for infant gaze, facial affect, and vocal affect; and mother gaze, facial affect, and touch. We examined the temporal dynamics of communication: self‐contingency and interactive contingency of behavior by time‐series methods. We documented heightened maternal and infant efforts at engagement in the 9/11 (vs. control) dyads. Both partners had difficulty tolerating moments of looking away as well as moments of negative behavior patterns. Heightened efforts to maintain a positive visual engagement may be adaptive and a potential source of resilience, but these patterns may also carry risk: working too hard to make it work. A vigilant, hyper‐contingent, high‐arousal engagement was the central mode of the interpersonal transmission of the trauma to these infants, with implications for intervention.     

土地融资、城市化失衡与地方债务风险

本文研究了土地融资对我国城市化失衡的影响效果、地区异质性表现以及背后隐藏的债务风险。利用2007-2015年间地级市数据的实证结果表明：地方政府的土地融资活动显著促进了“土地城市化快于人口城市化”这一失衡现象的形成,并且此影响在人口流出地和中西部地区的城市表现得更显著。进一步分析发现：“负债型”城市化融资与“供给型”城市建设相结合的发展模式可能引致较大的地方政府债务风险,主要体现为土地融资会加重发展失衡城市的债务负担,而投资回报和效率较低是造成这一结果的重要机制。以上结论意味着不考虑需求因素而盲目依靠债务性投资驱动城市化发展的方式是不可持续的,应探索建立推动城市化良性发展的融资体系,并在土地融资与城市公共服务供给之间建立稳定的投入联系。     

The Planned Happenstance Career Inventory: A Cross‐Cultural Comparison

This study examined the measurement invariance and latent mean difference of an English version (J. H. Lee et al., 2017) of the Planned Happenstance Career Inventory (PHCI; B. Kim, Jung, et al., 2014) across cultures. Participants were 262 American and 291 South Korean undergraduates. Measurement invariance results indicated that the 5‐factor structure was adequate for both groups and that conditions for configural, metric, and partial intercept invariance were met. Latent mean analysis was used to compare the mean scores of the PHCI skills (curiosity, flexibility, persistence, optimism, and risk taking). The latent means of curiosity, flexibility, persistence, and optimism were higher among South Korean undergraduates, but no significant difference was found regarding risk taking. Career counselors should consider differences in planned happenstance perceptions across cultures to provide better career guidance. Future studies are needed to verify the distinctive nature of flexibility by replicating the factor structure of the PHCI with other samples.     

Testing Hysteresis in Unemployment in G7 Countries Using Quantile Unit Root Test with both Sharp Shifts and Smooth Breaks

Social Indicators Research - We apply a Quantile unit root test with both Sharp Shifts and Smooth Breaks to revisit hysteresis in unemployment for G7 countries using data for the period...     

Convergence of family policy across welfare regimes (1990 to 2010): Different connotations of family policy expansion

Using multiple indices of family policy efforts – work/family reconciliation, gender equality and income protection, this study offers a nuanced understanding of family policy expansion in 14 OECD countries across three welfare regimes from 1990 to 2010. Findings suggest an overall convergence of family policies, particularly in gender equality and work/family reconciliation. Convergence has occurred simultaneously with distinctive family policy changes across welfare regimes. Conservative welfare states have experienced the most profound family policy alterations, shifting from a traditional gender model to one that encourages women's employment, but have, nevertheless, maintained policy efforts that sustain the traditional gender role. Despite an increase in their family policy efforts, liberal welfare states have continued to maintain minimal state action regarding family policy. Changes in social democratic welfare states have been less substantial, as they seem to continue to pursue a dual‐earner model with high degree of gender equality and work/family reconciliation.     

赵匡胤祖籍问题再辨析

赵匡胤祖籍“涿州说”“已成定论”,而“保州说”也绝非空穴来风。事实真相是：赵匡胤祖母刘氏系保州人,在赵匡胤祖父赵敬死于涿州后因战乱携年幼子女回娘家居住,不久因涿州被割让给契丹而不得归,故在保州有赵姓人定居、繁衍,即后来皇族之“疏属”,至宋真宗朝,这竟被曲解为赵氏“本籍保州”,于是造成与“信史”记载僖、顺、翼三祖“并幽州”与“本籍保州”以及已成定论的“涿州说”与“证据确凿”的“保州说”的矛盾与争论。     

辛亥革命研究的整体性问题

辛亥革命爆发迄今已整整百年。这场举世瞩目的革命虽然离我们已愈来愈遥远,但其重要意义与历史地位却并未因此而被忽略。百年以来,辛亥革命对中国近现代历史进程的重要意义,乃至在亚洲及世界范围内所产生的重大影响,一直受到广泛的关注。海内外学界对辛亥革命的研究也可谓硕果累累。在百年纪念到来之际,需要我们思考的是:辛亥革命史研究如何更加走向深入,怎样更进一步挖掘辛亥革命的历史价值与现实意义?为此,也需要学者们以百年之眼光对辛亥革命重新加以审视,从而实现辛亥革命史研究的百年超越。这一组笔谈,分别从不同的角度对如何扩展与深化辛亥革命史研究,提出了一系列新的认识与学术见解,多有启迪意义,对于促进辛亥革命史研究向纵深发展将会起到积极的作用。