Lust an der Macht – Frauen in Organisationen

Storyline and analysis of the film “The Devil Wears Prada” provide vivid scenes to derive reflections on organisational culture in globalised companies and women in chief positions. Women come into conflict with leading the company successfully, the dependence on efficient – female – staff and the image as a woman. The article illustrates, how influences of the company’s products fashion und fashion market have a normative effect, especially on female staff members. Theories of organisational culture, careers of women and findings of gender research are shown in connection with complex strategies of women in their determination to succeed, to self-realization and the pressure to adapt oneself. This involves reflected perspectives to leave clichés of gender and to reinforce organisational and personal potentials.     

Arbeitszufriedenheit und Energie

Focussing on energy as a highly activated affective state offers new opportunities to promote well-being at work and job performance. In this paper, I will describe current research on recovery, affective work events and characteristics of work tasks linked to energy. The practical implications for promoting energy at work are discussed.     

被迫好评情景下消费者后续行为意愿研究

在社交网络不断兴起的环境下,越来越多的企业试图以物质奖励促使消费者进行好评以实现口碑营销,物质奖励涉及赠品、现金、价格折扣等各种形式。企业激励口碑的活动是指一家企业对“消费者对消费者”沟通的主动管理,被广泛地应用于各类面向消费者的企业,而好评返利的口碑激励模式难免被框定于回避框架下,即消费者为了避免损失而不得不在线发布正面口碑,已有关于被动口碑传播的研究主要从积极方面探讨如何利用物质奖励促进口碑传播。 在已有研究的基础上补充物质奖励对消费者口碑影响的消极方面,以心理抗拒理论和认知一致性理论为基础,以被动口碑传播为研究视角,探讨消费者在被迫实施好评之后的后续行为意愿及其影响机制。在两个行为学实验中,分别选取在职学生和普通消费者为研究样本,通过SPSS软件进行方差分析、回归分析和Bootstrap中介效应分析。 研究结果表明,①在被迫好评的情景下,抗拒体验消极影响消费者的后续行为意愿,如降低未来的口碑推荐意愿、增加删去被迫评论意愿;②产品的实际体验与口碑内容的一致性感知积极影响后续行为意愿,这一过程受到抗拒体验的中介作用;③与抗拒特质较弱的消费者相比,抗拒特质较强的消费者更倾向于产生消极的后续行为意愿;④消费者的抗拒特质调节实际体验与口碑内容的一致性感知对后续行为意愿的影响,抗拒特质较强时一致性感知对后续行为意愿的影响较低。 研究结果为企业实施激励式口碑营销提供了理论指导,丰富和发展了口碑营销和心理抗拒理论。研究结论启示企业在使用好评返利的营销策略时,应当尽可能框定于“好评则得到”而非“不好评则损失”的框架下。如果产品或服务非常依赖于消费者的重复购买行为,那么被迫好评会消极影响消费者的整体满意度并抑制后续的购买行为。商家必须认识到被迫好评的消极影响,虽然产品或服务的积极体验可以有效抑制消费者产生消极的行为反应,但是却不会对所有消费者有效,比如那些抗拒特质较强的消费者。     

Organisation of new product development in Asia and Europe: results from Western multinationals R&D sites in Germany,India, and China

From research on Western new product development (NPD) practices a rich body of literature has emerged. However, the impact of country specific and cultural influences has not been examined in this context yet. This study is a first attempt to identify differences in NPD practices between Research and Development (R&D) subsidiaries in Germany, China and India within multinational companies. Data has been generated by qualitative interviews with R&D executives in those countries across multiple cases. The study samples strategic, organizational and operational aspects indicates definite differences in process coordination, rewarding systems, market orientation and the average age of NPD teams. Other aspects like strategic targets, the management involvement, etc. show rather slight differences across the countries. Hence, findings suggest that while some aspects are universally applicable across cultural frontiers, Western companies have to understand different expectations regarding NPD in India and China by adjusting practices accordingly.     

Influential factors and performance of logistics outsourcing practices: an evidence of malaysian companies

Despite the growing trend of logistics outsourcing, there are very limited sources of literature on logistics outsourcing, especially in determining the relationship between factors influencing outsourcing and the extent of logistics outsourcing practices. In this study, we tap into the field of strategic management to help clarify the mechanisms underlying the links between factors influencing, logistics outsourcing practices and outsourcing performance. A model based on the resource based view illustrates the hypothetical connections among these variables. The data gathered from the survey were analysed using SmartPLS software. A response rate of 21 % out of the 486 firms selected was achieved and fixed as the empirical data for this study. The results of this study provide support that superior performance is correlated to the resources of the firm. The analysis shows that lack of human and physical asset capabilities, as well as transaction uncertainty influence the extent of different logistics outsourcing practices. The four logistics outsourcing practices under study were found to have a positive relationship with logistics outsourcing performance, particularly strategic focus. This study shows that although theoretically firms aim at cost reduction by employing a logistics outsourcing strategy but not proven in this study because the financial benefit was only positively contributed by one of the four logistics outsourcing practices under study. Besides that, the results from this study also support that most firms outsource their non-core activities of the logistics practices to respond to the transaction uncertainty that their business experiences.     

<Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">MAD-STEC</Emphasis>: a method for multiple automatic detection of space-time emerging clusters

Crime or disease surveillance commonly rely in space-time clustering methods to identify emerging patterns. The goal is to detect spatial-temporal clusters as soon as possible after its occurrence and to control the rate of false alarms. With this in mind, a spatio-temporal multiple cluster detection method was developed as an extension of a previous proposal based on a spatial version of the Shiryaev–Roberts statistic. Besides the capability of multiple cluster detection, the method have less input parameter than the previous proposal making its use more intuitive to practitioners. To evaluate the new methodology a simulation study is performed in several scenarios and enlighten many advantages of the proposed method. Finally, we present a case study to a crime data-set in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.     

An adaptive-to-model test for partially parametric single-index models

Residual marked empirical process-based tests are commonly used in regression models. However, they suffer from data sparseness in high-dimensional space when there are many covariates. This paper has three purposes. First, we suggest a partial dimension reduction adaptive-to-model testing procedure that can be omnibus against general global alternative models although it fully use the dimension reduction structure under the null hypothesis. This feature is because that the procedure can automatically adapt to the null and alternative models, and thus greatly overcomes the dimensionality problem. Second, to achieve the above goal, we propose a ridge-type eigenvalue ratio estimate to automatically determine the number of linear combinations of the covariates under the null and alternative hypotheses. Third, a Monte-Carlo approximation to the sampling null distribution is suggested. Unlike existing bootstrap approximation methods, this gives an approximation as close to the sampling null distribution as possible by fully utilising the dimension reduction model structure under the null model. Simulation studies and real data analysis are then conducted to illustrate the performance of the new test and compare it with existing tests.     

Fast parallel $$\alpha $$-stable distribution function evaluation and parameter estimation using OpenCL in GPGPUs

\(\alpha \)-Stable distributions are a family of probability distributions found to be suitable to model many complex processes and phenomena in several research fields, such as medicine, physics, finance and networking, among others. However, the lack of closed expressions makes their evaluation analytically intractable, and alternative approaches are computationally expensive. Existing numerical programs are not fast enough for certain applications and do not make use of the parallel power of general purpose graphic processing units. In this paper, we develop novel parallel algorithms for the probability density function and cumulative distribution function—including a parallel Gauss–Kronrod quadrature—, quantile function, random number generator and maximum likelihood estimation of \(\alpha \)-stable distributions using OpenCL, achieving significant speedups and precision in all cases. Thanks to the use of OpenCL, we also evaluate the results of our library with different GPU architectures.     

中国家庭部门能源回弹效应及其福利影响

能源回弹效应的大小影响到能源效率的提高能否实现预期的能源消费量的减少.目前文献上对回弹效应的研究大多是对生产部门回弹效应的研究,文章采用投入产出表的数据模拟研究了中国家庭部门能源使用效率提高所引起的能源回弹效应.研究表明,长期家庭部门回弹效应为83％,长期总回弹效应为58％.并对家庭部门回弹效应的福利影响进行了分析.