The reproductive health indices and sex hormone levels in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the age-related recession trajectory of reproductive health indices in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiashan County, Zhejiang in 2012. Healthy men between 40 and 80 years of age were considered eligible for the study. Physical examination and the sex hormones were measured. The subjects were assessed based on the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) for Erectile Dysfunction (ED), and Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) scale for Symptomatic Late-Onset Hypogonadism (SLOH).

Results: TG showed a decrease at age 60 years. Testis volume and TT did not show significant difference among the four age groups; cFT began to decrease at age 50 years and Bio-T decreased faster at age 50 years. SHBG and LH increased faster at age 50 and 70 years, respectively. IIEF5 score decrease faster at age 60 years. AMS scores increased faster at age 70 years. With the increase in age, the symptoms of ED and SLOH became severer.

Conclusion: Different indices on reproductive health of men showed turning points at different ages. At first, androgenic sex hormones decreased faster, and then erectile dysfunction got severer, and the last overall male syndromes declined.     

Culturally responsive teaching in China: instructional strategy and teachers’ attitudes

The aim of this study was to investigate the manner in which teachers facilitate the pedagogical process within a culturally diverse student population. The study focused on two primary schools in China; one located in a more fully developed city in eastern China (Case A), while the other was in a less developed city in rural western China (Case B). This allowed the researchers to compare and analyse the different instructional practices by means of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The findings indicate that: the teachers in Case A demonstrated overall affirmative attitudes towards ethnic minority cultures, as well as towards the students belonging to those cultures. However, the teachers also chose not to mention the specific ethnic identities and cultural differences of the students during the course of their instruction in order to ensure equal treatment for everyone. This leads to a kind of ‘cultural blindness’ in the classroom. In Case B, opinions regarding minority cultures were more varied. Compared with the teachers in Case A, more teachers in Case B found minority cultures to be inferior to the dominant Han culture. Some teachers also, counter intuitively, were of the opinion that the minority cultures were even superior. At the instructional level, school leadership developed courses on local culture and ethnicity for the teaching staff. This was done for a variety of reasons. The strongest evidence to support culturally responsive teaching in Case A does not stem from teaching and learning demands but from the necessity to pursue characteristics that make them distinctive from other schools at the same time, Case B’s practice of culturally responsive teaching was strongly supported by the government and UNICEF. Teachers in both schools indicated that they had integrated their knowledge of ethnic minority groups into the subject matter when it was necessary.     

Third-Person Effect,Religiosity and Support for Censorship of Satirical Religious Cartoons

The violent attack on the staff of Charlie Hebdo and an earlier plot to kill cartoonists from the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten raise the issue of censorship of satirical religious cartoons to avoid potential retaliatory violence from those offended by the cartoons. With third-person effect (TPE) as the theoretical underpinning, this study examined the relationship among TPE, religiosity, and support for censorship of religious satirical cartoons. Data were collected in May 2015. A national sample of participants (N=374) was acquired through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. The results show that individuals with a higher degree of religiosity are more likely to support censorship of satirical religious cartoons, and though TPE is not positively correlated to support for censorship, respondents’ perception of the effect of the cartoons on themselves may indicate an increased propensity for supporting censorship.     

基于文化营销视角的城市古镇文化旅游品牌塑造研究——以广州沙湾古镇为例

随着我国旅游业的高速发展,旅游业竞争热点正从旅游资源开发向旅游产品开发以及旅游目的地品牌塑造这两个更高层次演变。城市古镇文化旅游日益成为一个旅游消费热点,针对这种趋势,本文以广州市番禺区沙湾古镇为例,从文化营销的视角,探讨了古镇文化旅游品牌塑造的理论与方法,分析了把地方文化资源转化为旅游目的地品牌核心价值的路径与方法,为城镇文化旅游开发提供决策依据。     

北京人口和产业政策的经济影响分析——利用扩展的投入产出模型

本文分析北京控制人口增长和产业政策引发的经济影响,通过延伸的北京投入产出模型计算最终需求(产出、收入、税收和GDP)乘数和产出驱动(产出、收入、税收和GDP)乘数,测算北京人口控制和产业疏解引发的经济影响和土地开发限制引发的经济影响。分析结果显示,无论是人口控制、产业疏解,还是土地开发限制,对北京的经济影响都是相当显著的,计算的主要经济指标(分行业的产出、收入、税收和GDP)的绝对值和增长率都表明了这个结论。因此,北京在控制人口和疏解产业的同时,需要采取相应的措施来消除控制城市增长的人口和产业政策带来的税收、收入等负面影响。     

基于土地开发权分享的旧厂房改造策略研究——厦门的政策回顾及其改进

"三旧"改造作为盘活存量土地、破解征地拆迁难的政策,突破了政府主导土地再开发的局限性,其政策核心是政府与原土地使用权人分享土地再开发权。基于厦门的旧厂房改造政策设计与规划实践,分析政府和企业在旧厂房再开发中的利益关系。提出按照土地再开发权分享的原则,进行政策设计,包括改造用途的限定,提供"菜单式"的改造模式和利益分享方案。对三年来旧厂房改造政策的实施成效进行评估,分析其存在的问题,进而提出下一步工作改进策略建议。     

“Opinion Leader”一词的中文翻译探析

在我国,随着博客、微博等新媒体的飞速发展,一批民间网络名人不断涌现,成为传统意义上的Opinion Leader,即“意见 领袖”。但由于互联网环境下某些网络传播代表人物的不正当示范,考虑到汉语的表达习惯,“意见领袖”作为“Opinion Leader”一词的中文翻译,容易使公众产生错误联想,造成误解,甚至对我国网络舆论安全带来不容忽视的负面影响。     

角色参照语法的分析框架及其解释能力探析

角色参照语法是20世纪70年代以来发展起来的一种结构功能语法。论文尝试评述其主要的语法分析框架,并以英语和汉语为例探究其对不同语言的解释能力。角色参照语法成功地将语篇、语用因素融入到句法结构的分析之中,因此,它不仅能够较好地解释英语等形合语言的结构特征,也适用于具有意合特征的汉语等语言的结构分析。角色参照语法比传统的形式语法具有更大的灵活性和适用性。     

四川少数民族人口发展路径探析

从人口数量、质量、结构三个方面分析四川少数民族人口发展现状,发现少数民族人口发展与区域资源环境、经济社会发展不协调带来了诸多问题,如人口增长过快导致的人均耕地锐减、环境恶化、就业压力增大,人口质量难以满足经济社会发展的需要,人口城市化滞后的消极效应等。为此,实现少数民族人口现代化的路径需控制人口数量、提高人口素质、推进人口城市化。     

文化融合与民族大学生国家认同教育

文化融合是一种客观的历史现象,也是现今的一种社会存在状态;是民族关系的重要内容,也是文化得以发展的重要途径。国家的概念则是近现代才从西方国家传入的新鲜产物,是生活在其地域范围内的人们对其所在国家的认识、评价与情感,主要表现于国家政治共同体和结构层面以及共同的中华民族的精神层面的认同。国家认同于国家本身、于个人都具有非常重要的意义,其中少数民族的国家认同问题显得尤为迫切。而国家认同教育是国家认同构建中的重要内容和方式。学校教育是建立国家认同的有效途径。我国的各民族的文化融合是少数民族国家认同教育的前提与基础、有力保障、表现形式,也是少数民族大学生国家认同教育的高级目标,具有重要的意义与深远的影响。我国也从中国的实际情况出发,并吸收了中国历来坚持＂和而不同＂处理民族关系的宝贵经验与优秀传统,制定出了相应的民族政策,坚定地保障民族文化融合,加强少数民族的国家认同教育,促进国家的稳定与团结。