A Tale of Two Border Cities: Community Context,Ethnicity, and Homicide*

Objective. Using Poisson‐based negative binomial regression, we estimate the effect of neighborhood factors on homicides in two cities (San Antonio, Texas and San Diego, California) that have large Mexican‐origin populations. Methods. Three independent data sources (official homicide police reports, medical examiner records, and the U.S. Census) are used to construct the dependent homicide, and independent neighborhood, variables. Census tracts represent the unit of analysis, which serve as a proxy for neighborhoods. Given the spatial nature of the data, spatial estimation procedures were also modeled. Results. Spatial proximity to violence, neighborhood disadvantage, and affluence (in San Antonio) consistently buffered homicide across neighborhoods, even in heavily populated Latino neighborhoods. Conclusions. Spatial embeddedness and neighborhood characteristics are important for improving our understanding about ethnic neighborhood variations in levels of violence. Comparative approaches across places, namely, Latino‐dominated cities, can yield considerable insight into how the local context intersects race/ethnicity and violent crime.     

过程视野中的教育改革

过程思想是一种实质意义上的思想改革,即思维方式的真正变革。在分析并批评了塑造西方高等教育组织的模型——学术性学科模型——的两个前提性假设（即二元论和外部联系论）在自然科学、社会科学诸领域的种种表现及其后果的基础上,文章以生物进化论对基因的正确理解、对环境问题的应对策略的讨论为例,提出一种以事件为核心的、建设性的、整合性的过程教育思想。     

Impact of developmental variance on behavior of models for insect populations I. Models for populations with unrestricted growth

Summary The concept of developmental variance is discussed with reference to its use in models for insect populations. When included in a model, developmental variance is typically used to describe the variation of developmental periods among individuals. However, its presence in a model can also have indirect impact on survival and fertility schedules. This impact can lead to significant changes in population growth rates and generation times. These relationships between developmental variance and population growth in models are quantified and discussed.     

The effects of user-generated design modifications in a general hospital

The present study investigated the effects of relatively minor design modifications in one wing of a local hospital on the organizational climate of the institution and the behavior of various user groups. Results showed that the changes had positive effects for patients and staff members on mood and morale and on the perceived quality of health care, while visitors reacted negatively to the modifications. Use of the more public areas of the experimental ward increased as a result of the alterations, especially in the evenings when more visitors were present. The positive effects occasionally spread to other wards as well.The research reported in this paper was funded by Grant SOC7508784 from the National Science Foundation.     

THE INFLUENCE OF RELATIONSHIP ENHANCEMENT TRAINING ON DIFFERENTIATION OF SELF

The effectiveness of the Relationship Enhancement (RE) program (Guerney, 1987a) in increasing functional and basic levels of differentiation of self (Bowen, 1987a) was examined. Participants were 20 married couples who received training in relationship enhancement skills over six 2 1/2-hour sessions. Measures of differentiation of self, quality of relationship, and anxiety were obtained before and after training and at follow-up. The data show that significant increases in the functional and basic levels of differentiation of self occurred, a significant increase in the quality of relationship occurred, and significant negative correlations were found between differentiation of self and anxiety.