On parameter orthogonality in symmetric and skew models

Orthogonal and partly orthogonal reparametrisations are provided for certain wide and important families of univariate continuous distributions. First, the orthogonality of parameters in location-scale symmetric families is extended to symmetric distributions involving a third parameter. This sets the scene for consideration of the four-parameter situation in which skewness is also allowed. It turns out that one specific approach to generating such four-parameter families, that of two-piece distributions with a certain parametrisation restriction, has some attractive features with regard to parameter orthogonality which, to the best of our knowledge, are not shared with other four-parameter distributions. Our work also affords partly orthogonal parametrisations of three-parameter two-piece models.     

Meeting the Needs of Visually Impaired People Living in Lifetime Homes

ABSTRACT

This article explores perceptions on the suitability and effectiveness of Lifetime Homes standards (LTHS) for those with visual impairment in Northern Ireland. LTHS are a series of mandatory United Kingdom public-sector housing design interventions, providing a model for ensuring accessible and adaptable homes throughout an occupant's life span. An aging demographic with increasing incidence of diabetes has led to rising numbers of elderly, visually impaired people wanting to remain in their homes for longer. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 key stakeholders and thematically analyzed. Although findings show that employing LTHS offers benefits to visually impaired residents, shortcomings were also identified. Evidence indicates a need for policy makers, health-care professionals, and housing associations to modify practices to better meet the housing needs of visually impaired people. Findings may also be applicable to those with other impairments and disabilities in relation to housing for elderly residents.