Addressing procedural challenges of ethical review system: Towards a better ethical quality of clinical trials review in Malaysia

The review of clinical trials with human participants in Malaysia is governed by a decentralized control system. The clinical trial protocols are reviewed by 13 registered research ethics committees (RECs) in Malaysia. A governmental body, the National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau, is responsible for the inspection and oversight of these registered RECs to ensure that they comply with the regulatory requirements. However, this study highlights that each REC in Malaysia has a different standard operating procedure and ethical review process. Other procedural challenges identified include inadequate membership, poor mechanism for research monitoring after ethical approval, and insufficient resources. Establishments of a national standard of REC and a central ethics committee are suggested to ensure procedural compliance in the oversight of clinical trials in Malaysia. While there is a growing concern that procedural compliance may not have a direct impact on the protection of human subjects, our key point is that an ethical review system compliant with the national standards could serve as a strong framework to support and enhance the ethical quality of decision-making and judgement. We believe that being aware of how influential procedural compliance can be would help committees improve the ethical quality of their research review.     

一轮明月照古今: 贯通中国古今文学的诠释模式

在美国的第一代中国文学学者,几乎都是从别的学科转行过来的,而且经常往返于中国古典、现代文学之间.从跨学科的观点与方法着手,周策纵的<五四运动史>成为研究现代中国社会、政治、文化、思想和文学的一本重要著作.从现代重返古典,他对中国古典文学又有所突破.如<红楼梦案>、<论王国维人间词话>、<古巫医与六诗考中国浪漫文学考源>等,可以证明很多方法与经验能贯通古今.他的文化批评与文化考古式的论证与分释建立了一种新典范模式.夏志清的<中国现代小说史>至今仍是研究比较文学和中国现代文学的权威著作,因他在研究现代中国小说之前,已对中国古典及外国小说理论与著作有研究.本文以西方华人学者中的经验来探讨贯通古今文学研究的诠释模式与成功途径.     

强非线性复合介质的电导性质研究

应用伽辽金方法研究了强非线性复合介质的电导性质；讨论了杂质和基质都服从Ｊ＝σ｜Ｅ｜２Ｅ的本构方程；在只保留最低阶近似的情况下，导出了这类复合介质的非线性有效电导率的近似解析公式．