屈原流放新证

治骚者大都从屈原流放考证入手 ,因为屈原流放与屈赋内容紧密相关 ,必须由此理清线索 ,方能窥屈赋之堂奥。本文试图运用当代考古学、历史学、文学、文字学等研究领域中的新观点、新材料对长期争论不休的屈原流放问题进行探讨 ,将相关线索置于广阔的历史文化背景中进行全面考察 ,以祈在前人研究的基础上 ,对有关的文学史问题作出合理解释 ,恢复历史的本来面目     

Minimum variance unbiased estimation based on bootstrap iterations

Practical computation of the minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE) is often a difficult, if not impossible, task, even though general theory assures its existence under regularity conditions. We propose a new approach based on iterative bootstrap bias correction of the maximum likelihood estimator to accurately approximate the MVUE. Viewing bootstrap iteration as a Markov process, we develop a computational algorithm for bias correction based on arbitrarily many bootstrap iterations. The algorithm, when applied parametrically to finite sample spaces, does not involve Monte Carlo simulation. For infinite sample spaces, a nonparametric version of the algorithm is combined with a preliminary round of Monte Carlo simulation to yield an approximate MVUE. Both algorithms are computationally more efficient and stable than conventional simulation-based bootstrap iterations. Examples are given of both finite and infinite sample spaces to illustrate the effectiveness of our new approach. Supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. HKU 7026/97P).     

Age-Friendly Neighbourhoods as Civic Participation: Implementation of an Active Ageing Policy in Hong Kong

In response to challenges brought by population ageing, Hong Kong has adopted an active ageing policy framework and built age-friendly neighbourhoods to encourage the participation of older people. This article distinguishes between the civic and political participation and emphasizes active involvement in community and neighbourhood activities as a way to encourage the civic engagement of older adults. The promotion of age-friendliness is set at two levels: concerning policy and practical/operational issues, both of which are interrelated with the purpose of offering civic engagement opportunities for older people. The experiences of Hong Kong reflect both top-down and bottom-up approaches, where civic participation is promoted by encouraging life-long learning and developing caring communities, as well as carrying out a variety of neighourhood programmes. It is suggested that different stakeholders, such as older adults, NGOs and other social organizations, shall all be included and play important roles in promoting civic participation of the elderly through creating a conducive environment. The initiatives, whether these are in policy or at operational levels, should be integrated into actions that are aimed to enhance quality of life for all residents and create a more age-friendly neighbourhood.     

What Happens When Manufacturers Perform The Retailing Functions?

This study examines the effects of a relatively new channel structure on prices and sales in a large department store, which in recent years has switched the management of many of its product categories from a traditional retailer‐managed system to a manufacturer‐managed system. We find that the change caused overall retail prices to decrease. However, there was significant heterogeneity in the response across brands. In the cell phone category, brands with high market shares and inelastic demand did not change prices. In the watch category, the retail prices of relatively low‐end brands decreased while the prices of premium brands increased substantially after the switch. In addition to sales increases due to lower prices, we find that the channel structure change further caused sales to increase by 9–10% in the cell phone category and by 11–17% in the watch category. These results are consistent with previous theoretical predictions. We believe that our results provide important academic and managerial implications due to the increasing prevalence of manufacturer‐managed systems in the retail industry.     

Transforming Access to Research Literature for Developing Countries

The economic development of a country depends heavily on its scientific strength and ability to resolve problems in such areas as public health, infectious disease, environmental management, or industrial progress. Access to research information traditionally depends on ability to pay, which has a negative impact on developing countries. A number of new initiatives address this imbalance, ranging from consortial licensing and new publishing models to the Open Access Initiative, and have the ability to meet the needs of research in financially constrained countries. The advent of the Open Access strategies, particularly interoperable institutional archives, has the potential to revolutionize access to essential research.     

Welfare Policies and the Construction of Welfare Relations in a Residual Welfare State: The Case of Hong Kong

Each welfare system has its own welfare relations for shaping and maintaining certain types of welfare practices and welfare ideologies. Welfare relations concern the distribution of welfare responsibilities among various social institutions, the public's welfare expectations and entitlements, and the status of welfare recipients. Welfare policies, which are a legal basis of the dominant class's philosophy as well as a mechanism for policing welfare recipients' use of benefits, play an important role in shaping and constructing the welfare relations of a country. This paper discusses how welfare policies construct the required welfare relations with regard to Hong Kong's social security system. It is argued that the persistence of Hong Kong's residual welfare model is partly based on the residual welfare relations which facilitate family-centred and market-oriented welfare practices.     

钛酸锶钡溶胶制备研究

用锶、钡的有机酸盐和钛酸丁酯为原料,以溶胶-凝胶法制备了钛酸锶钡溶皎。考察了有机酸分子量、溶胶的水解方法对溶胶亲润性、湿敏性、二氧化碳敏感性、成膜均匀性、热解性等的影响。实验得出:先将钛酸丁酯的乙酸乙酯溶液部分水解,然后与锶、钡的正辛酸盐、2-乙基己酸盐或壬酸盐的乙酸乙酯溶液充分混合,所得的溶胶具有较好的综合性能。     

从克拉申的监控理论看语言输入调整策略

在二语习得的众多理论中,克拉申的监控理论占有相当重要的地位。而监控理论的五个假说中,输入假说尤为引起课程设计者、教材编写者以及教师们的极大兴趣。没有可理解的语言输入就没有语言的习得。因此,运用语言输入调整策略,使输入变成可听、可读、可理解的语言,从而促进习得过程是非常重要的。与此同时,语言学习者并不只是被动地接受,他们本身对语言输入的质量也负有责任。