Financial journeys of Australian parents after separation – transitions into and out of poverty

It is well established that relationship separation has greater negative economic consequences for mothers than for fathers in Australia and other developed countries. While research has shown that, at an aggregate level, such negative impacts tend to diminish with time, the rate of change is generally slower for mothers than fathers, and a higher proportion of mothers than fathers continue to experience entrenched financial difficulties. Less is known about the variability of economic journeys experienced by women and men, taken separately, and factors influencing diverse economic trajectories. Drawing on data from the Longitudinal Study of Separated Families (LSSF), which followed up a large sample parents at three post‐separation points, this article examines poverty rates across a 4‐year period, transitions into and out of poverty and factors affecting these pathways.     

环境分权对经济高质量发展的影响研究

本文通过构建经济高质量发展评价指标体系并对其进行测算,运用静态、动态以及空间面板数据模型实证检验了环境分权对经济高质量发展的影响效应。研究发现,环境分权对经济高质量发展的影响呈现出先抑后扬的“U”型特征,并且当前我国环境分权对经济高质量发展的影响依然体现为负向作用。使用工具变量处理内生性问题以及一系列稳健性检验后结论依然成立。传导渠道分析表明,环境分权通过资源错配渠道影响经济高质量发展,并且环境分权对经济高质量发展的影响还具有地区异质性、结构异质性等。本文的研究结论有助于厘清环境分权对经济高质量发展的影响效应,为调整及优化环境分权制度安排提供了重要的政策指引和借鉴。     

希望在人间:对《呼啸山庄》的原型解读

《呼啸山庄》作为一部天才作品,历经沧桑,终被世人接受,并成为久读不厌的文学经典。弗莱把神话原型理论与文学作品相联系,为我们解读经典另开先河。我们能通过神话原型来反观人类的命运,构建信仰与历史责任感。本文正是从基督原型、夏娃原型、撒旦原型、失乐园原型的角度进一步分析《呼啸山庄》中男女主人公的爱、恨、情、仇,堕落与上升、自然与文明的关系,从而达到心灵的慰藉与共鸣。     

关于加快青海广告业发展的思考

当前的青海广告业作为一种行业形态尚不完善,其赖以生存和发展的基础仍比较薄弱。本文通过实地调查、实证分析和理论论证,对青海广告业的形成发展过程及其特点进行了考察,对其发展现状和制约因素进行了分析,并提出了相关的对策建议。     

An outline of study on China's population / environment issues

Attention is given to population and growth and the impact on the environment and resources in China. Policies for managing the environment and instituting population education are also addressed. The first position paper of the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPAC) on June 2, 1990 is summarized. The population of China was 1.11 billion in 1989. The rate of growth in 1988 was 14.2/1000 in 1988. 91% live in the southeast on 43% of the land. Land area is 9.6 million square miles. 65% can be made arable, and 14% is cultivated. China has 7% of the world's arable land and 20% of the world's population. Population growth has reduced arable land/captia. The impact on forests has been deforestation. 13% of land is currently forested, and timber reserves encompass 9.14 billion cubic meters, or 9 cubic meters/person. The demand for firewood and timber will increase. The impact on grasslands has been overgrazing and desertification at a current rate of 1560 square kilometer/year. The impact on energy resources is a greater demand for coal which will increase and thus increase pollution of the environment. The impact on water resources is greater demand and increased pollution. Water resources are 2700 cubic meters/person or less than the world average. 26.8 billion tons of waste water were industrially discharged out of 36.8 billion tons. 436 of the 532 rivers are polluted. The impact on the environment is a decreased standard of living. NEPAC reported that air pollution was slightly reduced in 4% of the cities in 1988, increased in 4%, and stable in the remaining cities. Water quality improved through the lowering of industrial waste water discharges, but 72% of river segments are still above the standards. Each major river system is discussed. Noise increased, and industrial solid wastes increased. Forest reserve is 9.141 billion cubic meters; the man-made forest has increased. The loss of grasslands is .13 million hectares/year. Cultivated land is 95.72 million hectares, but 100,000 hectares/year are damaged by natural disasters and 6 million are polluted by industrial wastes. 606 nature preserves have been established. In 1989, a complete legal system of environmental protection was established and investment increased.     

Pre-arrest drug use and associated risk factors among incarcerated offenders in China

ABSTRACT

Past research has consistently reported a higher rate of drug use before arrest among incarcerated inmates than that of the general population. However, there is a lack of either qualitative or quantitative research on this topic under the Chinese setting. Drawing upon survey data collected from 1,518 inmates in a Chinese province, this study attempts to fill in the research gap by assessing the connection between risk factors associated with pre-arrest use. Roughly a quarter of all inmates in the sample had the experience of drug use before arrest. Regression analysis suggested that impulsivity, volatile temper, and perceived prevalence of drug use in neighborhood were significantly related to drug use among inmates. Two control variables include offense type and stable job, were also found to be significant predictors of drug use. Implications for research and policy were highlighted in the end.     

彝族孝文化文献《赛特阿育》的文本源研究

在贵州彝区的毕摩文献里,有一部反映孝文化的文本《赛特阿育》,与流传于汉区的董永行孝相关文献有密切关系。从情节内容看,《赛特阿育》是对董永行孝相关文本的彝文翻译改写,将其与董永变文、宝卷中的相关文本加以比较研究发现,《天仙配宝卷》应是《赛特阿育》的文本源。     

内蒙古东部早熟高产型春小麦新品种选育技术与理论初探

本文从小麦育种的技术与理论两个方面进行了探索,并提出了在内蒙古东部早熟区的生态条件下,选育高产类型品种的限制因素及再提高产量的途径,即在保持原基本穗数600万穗／hm2不变的基础上,通过改变株型穗形,增加单穗粒重来达到高产之目的。增加穗粒重的主要途径是从遗传上改变穗顶部及基部的结实性,最终增加单穗有效粒数来完成的。增加单穗粒数比提高粒重更为可靠,因粒重在一定程度上易受环境条件影响。