作为评价尺度的儿童文学人物形象塑造

人物形象塑造是儿童文学基础理论研究的一个重要课题，在当前我国原创儿童文学形象塑造不力的背景下显得尤为迫切而重要。儿童文学特殊的文类属性及其基本功能决定其人物形象是召唤并引领儿童读者展开审美体验的关键精神力量，大量经典儿童文学呈现出这样的文学规律。总结我国百年儿童文学人物形象的变迁及发展发现，形象塑造的美学症结依然在于解决成人社会观念中的“儿童本位”问题。     

要素拼凑、双元创业学习与返乡创业者创业经验优化 ——基于特定间接效果模型的评估

利用253位返乡创业者的调查数据,采用阶层回归分析、特定间接效果模型评估等方法,分析要素拼凑、双元创业学习对返乡创业者创业经验优化的影响机理.结果表明:要素拼凑对返乡创业者创业经验优化和双元创业学习均有显著正向影响;利用式学习和探索式学习在返乡创业者要素拼凑与创业经验优化之间均起中介作用,且利用式学习的中介影响力更强.因此,为推动返乡创业企业高质量发展,建议返乡创业者有效利用先前经验优势返乡创业,并因地制宜积极开展要素资源拼凑活动;同时,在创办企业初期,返乡创业者可侧重利用式学习持续优化创业经验,而在创业成长期及之后,则应注重利用式学习与探索式学习的相机结合.     

Estimation of discrete survival function for error‐prone diagnostic tests

The product limit or Kaplan‐Meier (KM) estimator is commonly used to estimate the survival function in the presence of incomplete time to event. Application of this method assumes inherently that the occurrence of an event is known with certainty. However, the clinical diagnosis of an event is often subject to misclassification due to assay error or adjudication error, by which the event is assessed with some uncertainty. In the presence of such errors, the true distribution of the time to first event would not be estimated accurately using the KM method. We develop a method to estimate the true survival distribution by incorporating negative predictive values and positive predictive values, into a KM‐like method of estimation. This allows us to quantify the bias in the KM survival estimates due to the presence of misclassified events in the observed data. We present an unbiased estimator of the true survival function and its variance. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are provided, and these properties are examined through simulations. We demonstrate our methods using data from the Viral Resistance to Antiviral Therapy of Hepatitis C study.     

汽轮发电机转子静挠度的多元统计分析

讨论了如何用多元线性回归分析的统计方法与有限元法相结合,计算发电机组转子的热应变、基础负载沉降及支承预诸因素影响下的静挠曲线。     

Calibrated predictions for multivariate competing risks models

Prediction models for time-to-event data play a prominent role in assessing the individual risk of a disease, such as cancer. Accurate disease prediction models provide an efficient tool for identifying individuals at high risk, and provide the groundwork for estimating the population burden and cost of disease and for developing patient care guidelines. We focus on risk prediction of a disease in which family history is an important risk factor that reflects inherited genetic susceptibility, shared environment, and common behavior patterns. In this work family history is accommodated using frailty models, with the main novel feature being allowing for competing risks, such as other diseases or mortality. We show through a simulation study that naively treating competing risks as independent right censoring events results in non-calibrated predictions, with the expected number of events overestimated. Discrimination performance is not affected by ignoring competing risks. Our proposed prediction methodologies correctly account for competing events, are very well calibrated, and easy to implement.     

濒危语言申报非物质文化遗产保护的思考——以居都仡佬语为例

以居都仡佬语为例,阐明濒危语言属于非物质文化遗产保护的范围,但不宜作为主体申报非物质文化遗产保护。对于濒危语言这种特殊的非物质文化,我们可以寻求其他更适宜的保护方式。     

成员企业权力结构对联盟中控制权不对称分布影响的研究

以我国电器制造企业间联盟为样本,考察了成员企业权力结构对联盟控制权不对称分布的影响.结果表明,成员企业的权力结构各因素显著影响着联盟控制权的不对称分布:内部联合权力水平会弱化这种不对称,而其冲突水平则会强化这一不对称;外部联合权力水平会显著强化这种不对称,内外部联合权力间的冲突水平也会强化这种不对称.同时,成员企业的权力结构相似性与联盟中控制权分布的不对称之间存在负相关关系,但这种关系并非线性关系,仅在成员权力结构具有高度相似性时,才会倾向于降低联盟控制权分布的不对称.     

Clarifying the Effect of Intellectual Capital on Performance: The Mediating Role of Dynamic Capability

Recent studies suggest a potential relationship between intellectual capital and dynamic capability in achieving performance. This is unsettling for managers because these studies contain little effort to develop a framework for understanding the relationship. To examine this unnerving potential, we develop and test a theoretical model that explains how dynamic capability mediates the impact of intellectual capital on performance. In this study, the scope of intellectual capital includes human capital, relational capital and structural capital. This study examines the pooled data of 242 high‐technology firms from 2001 to 2008. Results from Bayesian regression analysis suggest that the effect of structural capital on performance is completely mediated by dynamic capability. Furthermore, the findings show that dynamic capability does not completely mediate the respective effects of human capital and relational capital on performance, but does so only partially. These results provide convincing support for the importance of dynamic capability through accumulating R&D and marketing capability over time, thereby enhancing firm performance. The empirical findings and the ensuing discussion will be of interest to managers and practitioners.     

Reconsidering the exploration of power distance: an active case study approach

In this paper, we present what we call an “active case study” and we theorize specifically on the relevance hereof for an exploration of power distance (as conceptualized by Hofstede (Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, Sage, Beverley Hills, CA, 1980)). As Hofstede conceives it, the notion of “power distance” enables an understanding of the predominant ideas about inequality prevalent in a (national) culture, which in turn infuse work relationships. An active case study approach—as we elucidate in the paper—implies an acknowledgement on the part of those organizing the research of the manner in which their intervention might affect the way “respondents” experience their work relationships. We suggest that our proposed active case study approach offers novel possibilities for exploring power distance and should be added to the repertoire of approaches used to examine this in organizational life. We develop our argument in this regard by offering a detailed account of the application of this approach to a Taiwanese organization (the Kaohsiung Harbor Bureau in Taiwan).